我在通过公司代理服务器时遇到问题。我设置了例外以允许我的 IP 地址通过,但无法正常apt-get
工作。
wget
可以毫无问题地访问 Ubuntu 仓库。
root@server:/tmp# http_proxy=http://<PROXY>:8080 wget http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/multiverse/binary-i386/Packages.bz2
--2014-01-24 09:17:38-- http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/multiverse/binary-i386/Packages.bz2
Resolving <PROXY> (<PROXY>)... x.x.x.25, x.x.x.24
Connecting to <PROXY> (<PROXY>)|x.x.x.25|:8080... connected.
Proxy request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 5178 (5.1K) [application/x-bzip2]
Saving to: `Packages.bz2'
100%[========================================>] 5,178 --.-K/s in 0.001s
2014-01-24 09:17:38 (7.78 MB/s) - `Packages.bz2' saved [5178/5178]
root@server:/tmp# ll -h
total 16K
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4.0K Jan 24 09:17 ./
drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 4.0K Jan 16 14:14 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5.1K Jan 24 09:05 Packages.bz2
root@server:/tmp#
我设置了我的 apt-conf.d 代理配置。
root@server:/tmp# cat /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/30proxy
Acquire::http::proxy "http://<PROXY>:8080";
Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://<PROXY>:8080";
Acquire::https::proxy "https://<PROXY>:8080";
root@server:/tmp#
apt-get
仍然失败并出现403 Forbidden
错误。
root@server:/tmp# apt-get update
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg
<...snipped excess...>
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe TranslationIndex
Err http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Sources
403 Forbidden [IP: x.x.x.25 8080]
<...snipped excess...>
Err http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse i386 Packages
403 Forbidden [IP: x.x.x.25 8080]
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/source/Sources 403 Forbidden [IP: x.x.x.24 8080]
<...snipped excess...>
W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/multiverse/binary-i386/Packages 403 Forbidden [IP: x.x.x.25 8080]
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
root@server:/tmp#
PROXY 替换了我的代理服务器的 FQDN
答案1
问题在于报告用户代理。这就是代理与 wget 一起工作而不是与 apt-get 一起工作的原因。
我运行tcpdump -Ai eth0 port 8080
并查看了 http 是什么样子的,并从我们的公司代理收到了“未批准的用户代理”消息。
<...snip...>
<h1>ACCESS DENIED</h1>
<p>The software you are accessing the internet with is not reporting an
approved "User-Agent"</p>
<...snip...>
这Ubuntu 手册页有一个部分解释该配置参数。
Acquire::http::User-Agent 可用于为 http 下载方法设置不同的 User-Agent,因为某些代理仅在客户端使用已知标识符时才允许客户端访问。
apt-get 307 错误提供所需的语法,您只需添加以下语法/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/30proxy
(或您选择的任何语法)。
Acquire::http::User-Agent "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/6.0)";
现在,apt-get 更新可以顺利进行。
root@server:/etc/apt/apt.conf.d# apt-get update
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg
Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg
<...snip...>
Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe Translation-en
Reading package lists... Done
答案2
是的,你从一开始就说对了。(我想我明白你的问题了)。据我了解,你的问题wget
与代理的工作方式不同。你从这个目录中apt-get
删除 3 行, 或者删除文件,然后尝试从终端更新,只使用一个代理地址,如。我相信这与Acquire::http::proxy "http://<PROXY>:8080";
/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/30proxy
30proxy
root@server:/tmp# http_proxy=http://<PROXY>:8080 apt-get updateor root@server:/tmp# http_proxy=http://<PROXY>:8080 | apt-get update
代理人和apt-get配置,我不知道该怎么做。我只是想帮助你尝试一下。
你仍然可以选择获得然后获取更新的链接,然后安装它们。