我是 Linux 和分区方面的新手,如果这个问题之前已经回答过,我提前道歉;我在网上广泛搜索答案,在没有找到答案后,我决定发布一个问题。好了,下面是问题描述:
在具有硬件 RAID 的服务器上运行 Ubuntu Server 14.10 裸机,该 RAID 在 BIOS 中配置。在安装过程中,我使用默认分区,最终将大部分空间分配给 /root。我做的第一件事是调整根分区的大小,将 /swap 移动到与 /root 相邻的位置,成功缩小 pv 和 vg,这要感谢网站上的几篇帖子。现在我无法找到将新释放的空间用作新分区的方法。以下是详细信息
~# fdisk --list
Disk /dev/sda: 1.6 TiB, 1796997120000 bytes, 3509760000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0f179d27
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 497664 243M 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 501758 3509757951 3509256194 1.6T 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 501760 3509757951 3509256192 1.6T 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/bce--os--cpy--vg-root: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdd: 7.5 GiB, 8004304896 bytes, 15633408 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdd1 * 2 15633407 15633406 7.5G c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
Disk /dev/mapper/bce--os--cpy--vg-swap_1: 64 GiB, 68719476736 bytes, 134217728 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
使用 GParted 时,它显示 sda5 是 sda2 的子集,这让我相信这里的 sda2 是我的 RAID。Gparted 仅有助于可视化磁盘,除此之外我无法使用它,我的理解是它不支持 LVM。此外,我无法使用 system-config-lvm 包,因为据我所知它已被弃用。
以下是 vgdisplay、pvdisplay 和 lvdisplay 的详细信息
~# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name bce-os-cpy-vg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 7
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 75.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 19199
Alloc PE / Size 18944 / 74.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 255 / 1020.00 MiB
VG UUID dO1C4A-WdnE-KdSf-U1Cs-9iOP-fg4P-KwSGFd
~# pvdisplay -m
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda5
VG Name bce-os-cpy-vg
PV Size 75.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 19199
Free PE 255
Allocated PE 18944
PV UUID SNkWK0-tkXG-Akza-qoDs-BcT3-3MEk-L53L0B
--- Physical Segments ---
Physical extent 0 to 2559:
Logical volume /dev/bce-os-cpy-vg/root
Logical extents 0 to 2559
Physical extent 2560 to 18943:
Logical volume /dev/bce-os-cpy-vg/swap_1
Logical extents 0 to 16383
Physical extent 18944 to 19198:
FREE
~# lvdisplay -m
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/bce-os-cpy-vg/root
LV Name root
VG Name bce-os-cpy-vg
LV UUID 8u1Eqf-6FPF-DXzh-vBds-cUyq-c1Fm-ewuhxk
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time bce-os-cpy, 2015-03-10 23:13:58 -0400
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 10.00 GiB
Current LE 2560
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:0
--- Segments ---
Logical extent 0 to 2559:
Type linear
Physical volume /dev/sda5
Physical extents 0 to 2559
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/bce-os-cpy-vg/swap_1
LV Name swap_1
VG Name bce-os-cpy-vg
LV UUID H7wmEp-Aw90-aWV1-aGrd-2yMr-ZBkH-sS1Zty
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time debian, 2015-03-23 18:38:31 -0400
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 64.00 GiB
Current LE 16384
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:1
--- Segments ---
Logical extent 0 to 16383:
Type linear
Physical volume /dev/sda5
Physical extents 2560 to 18943
这是 vgs、pvs 和 lvs 输出
~# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
bce-os-cpy-vg 1 2 0 wz--n- 75.00g 1020.00m
root@bce-os-cpu:~# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda5 bce-os-cpy-vg lvm2 a-- 75.00g 1020.00m
root@bce-os-cpu:~# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Copy% Convert
root bce-os-cpy-vg -wi-ao--- 10.00g
swap_1 bce-os-cpy-vg -wi-ao--- 64.00g
文件系统
~# cat /etc/fstab
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
/dev/mapper/bce--os--cpy--vg-root / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=e24ff838-71c8-42b1-a381-d89c6daf3be1 /boot ext2 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/bce--os--cpy--vg-swap_1 none swap sw 0 0
因此,正如您所看到的,磁盘大小为 1.6T,如 fdisk 输出中所示,在成功(我认为)缩小 vg、pv 和 lv 后,我只使用了 75G,我想使用释放的空间(如何找到它?)来创建一个新的分区。
答案1
sda
是您的硬件 raid。 sda5
是的子集,sda2
因为sda2
是您的扩展分区,并且sda5
是逻辑分区。如果您想为新分区释放空间,只需使用 livecd 中的 gparted 缩小 sda5 即可。