前几天我发现与我的RAID 5相关的分区没有挂载。我检查了我的磁盘，得到：
mdadm --检查 /dev/sd{a,b,c,d}1
mdadm: No md superblock detected on /dev/sda1.
/dev/sdb1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : 87fdc598:a995d0f7:41123bcf:e2760aeb
Name : itake:0 (local to host itake)
Creation Time : Tue Aug 28 17:44:52 2012
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 4
Avail Dev Size : 1953122952 (931.32 GiB 1000.00 GB)
Array Size : 2929683456 (2793.96 GiB 3000.00 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1953122304 (931.32 GiB 1000.00 GB)
Data Offset : 2048 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=1968 sectors, after=648 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : db15e0ad:ef9f28be:de5e5a5a:f929ebb9
Update Time : Sun Sep 11 00:00:26 2016
Checksum : 700e7a14 - correct
Events : 6141
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : AA.A ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdc1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : 87fdc598:a995d0f7:41123bcf:e2760aeb
Name : itake:0 (local to host itake)
Creation Time : Tue Aug 28 17:44:52 2012
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 4
Avail Dev Size : 1953122952 (931.32 GiB 1000.00 GB)
Array Size : 2929683456 (2793.96 GiB 3000.00 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1953122304 (931.32 GiB 1000.00 GB)
Data Offset : 2048 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=1968 sectors, after=648 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : f3c74ca8:076e5078:305ad83b:159f048d
Update Time : Sun Sep 4 00:08:53 2016
Checksum : d9306794 - correct
Events : 5896
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 2
Array State : AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdd1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : 87fdc598:a995d0f7:41123bcf:e2760aeb
Name : itake:0 (local to host itake)
Creation Time : Tue Aug 28 17:44:52 2012
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 4
Avail Dev Size : 1953122952 (931.32 GiB 1000.00 GB)
Array Size : 2929683456 (2793.96 GiB 3000.00 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1953122304 (931.32 GiB 1000.00 GB)
Data Offset : 2048 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=1968 sectors, after=648 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 4b376772:29ca4f41:342d39df:877fece0
Update Time : Sun Sep 11 00:00:26 2016
Checksum : 639ce9a5 - correct
Events : 6141
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 3
Array State : AA.A ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
所以我认为只有sda损坏了，我才能恢复信息。我买了一张新磁盘，现在我发现它不仅如此sda，而且sdc还很好。我想知道是否有机会尝试修复两个磁盘中的任何一个，以在更换两个磁盘之前尝试重新创建和恢复信息......
我在这里留下了一些有关错误的有用信息，如果您需要其他信息，请告诉我
猫 /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
unused devices: <none>
猫 /var/log/syslog
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230695] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230698] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230703] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor]
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230708] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex):
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230711] 72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230721] 00 00 08 08
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230726] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230734] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 08 08 00 00 08 00
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230744] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 2056
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230796] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 18.230881] ata1: EH complete
...
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221334] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Unhandled sense code
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221337] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221342] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor]
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221347] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex):
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221350] 72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221360] 74 70 68 00
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221365] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221372] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 74 70 68 00 00 01 d0 00
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221381] end_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1953523712
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221431] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190464
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221482] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190465
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221524] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190466
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221567] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190467
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221608] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190468
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221649] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190469
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221690] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190470
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221731] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190471
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221772] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190472
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221813] Buffer I/O error on device sdc, logical block 244190473
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 104.221897] ata3: EH complete
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 107.652344] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x7 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 107.652389] ata3.00: irq_stat 0x40000008
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 107.652429] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 107.652474] ata3.00: cmd 60/08:00:d8:69:70/00:00:74:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 4096 in
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 107.652476] res 41/40:00:d8:69:70/00:00:74:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F>
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 107.652559] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 107.652598] ata3.00: error: { UNC }
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 107.654733] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 107.654754] ata3: EH complete
...
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 137.768972] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 137.768979] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 08 08 00 00 08 00
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 137.768989] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 2056
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 137.769067] ata1: EH complete
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 137.779624] md: md0 stopped.
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.630989] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x3 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.631035] ata3.00: irq_stat 0x40000008
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.631076] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.631121] ata3.00: cmd 60/08:00:40:68:70/00:00:74:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 4096 in
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.631123] res 41/40:00:40:68:70/00:00:74:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F>
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.631206] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.631245] ata3.00: error: { UNC }
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.633417] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.633443] ata3: EH complete
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.637684] md: bind<sdc1>
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.637896] md: bind<sdd1>
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.638139] md: bind<sdb1>
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.638173] md: kicking non-fresh sdc1 from array!
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.638180] md: unbind<sdc1>
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.640178] md: export_rdev(sdc1)
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.640178] md: export_rdev(sdc1)
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.708065] raid6: int64x1 1355 MB/s
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.776062] raid6: int64x2 1504 MB/s
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.844062] raid6: int64x4 1284 MB/s
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.912061] raid6: int64x8 1109 MB/s
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 138.980085] raid6: sse2x1 2124 MB/s
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.048065] raid6: sse2x2 3413 MB/s
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.116061] raid6: sse2x4 4022 MB/s
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.116064] raid6: using algorithm sse2x4 (4022 MB/s)
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.116302] async_tx: api initialized (async)
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.116471] xor: automatically using best checksumming function: generic_sse
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.136056] generic_sse: 6183.000 MB/sec
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.136059] xor: using function: generic_sse (6183.000 MB/sec)
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.137667] md: raid6 personality registered for level 6
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.137671] md: raid5 personality registered for level 5
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.137674] md: raid4 personality registered for level 4
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.137936] bio: create slab <bio-1> at 1
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.137960] md/raid:md0: device sdb1 operational as raid disk 1
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.137964] md/raid:md0: device sdd1 operational as raid disk 3
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.138427] md/raid:md0: allocated 4280kB
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.138551] md/raid:md0: not enough operational devices (2/4 failed)
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.138628] RAID conf printout:
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.138630] --- level:5 rd:4 wd:2
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.138634] disk 1, o:1, dev:sdb1
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.138637] disk 3, o:1, dev:sdd1
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.139106] md/raid:md0: failed to run raid set.
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.139146] md: pers->run() failed ...
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.139523] md: md0 stopped.
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.139532] md: unbind<sdb1>
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.156130] md: export_rdev(sdb1)
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.156158] md: unbind<sdd1>
Nov 11 09:16:59 itake kernel: [ 139.168118] md: export_rdev(sdd1)
...
smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-3.2.0-4-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: SAMSUNG SpinPoint F3
Device Model: SAMSUNG HD103SJ
Serial Number: S246J1KZ410348
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0024e9 0034ebb37
Firmware Version: 1AJ10001
User Capacity: 1,000,203,804,160 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is: Fri Nov 11 11:17:00 2016 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 121) The previous self-test completed having
the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 9300) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 155) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 051 Pre-fail Always - 784
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0026 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0023 070 069 025 Pre-fail Always - 9385
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1225
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 252 252 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 252 252 051 Old_age Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0024 252 252 015 Old_age Offline - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 30077
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 051 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 212
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0022 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0022 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 064 052 000 Old_age Always - 21 (Min/Max 11/48)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 252 252 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0036 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x002a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 64
223 Load_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
225 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1244
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 30077 2056
# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 30077 2056
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 0
Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Completed_read_failure [90% left] (0-65535)
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
smartctl -a /dev/sdc
smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-3.2.0-4-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Green
Device Model: WDC WD10EZRX-00A8LB0
Serial Number: WD-WMC1U5433779
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 657f09173
Firmware Version: 01.01A01
User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri Nov 11 11:17:08 2016 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x85) Offline data collection activity
was aborted by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (12960) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 148) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x30b5) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 6787
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 139 137 021 Pre-fail Always - 4041
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 096 096 000 Old_age Always - 4454
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 171 171 140 Pre-fail Always - 1262
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 054 054 000 Old_age Always - 33859
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 145
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 31
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 170 170 000 Old_age Always - 90973
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 119 104 000 Old_age Always - 24
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 819
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 198 198 000 Old_age Always - 326
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 80
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 11 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 11 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 33842 hours (1410 days + 2 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 60 b0 a8 d7 e1 Error: UNC 96 sectors at LBA = 0x01d7a8b0 = 30910640
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 60 a0 a8 d7 e1 08 17d+13:32:19.391 READ DMA
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 08 17d+13:32:19.391 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 17d+13:32:19.390 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 17d+13:32:19.390 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 10 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 33842 hours (1410 days + 2 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 60 c8 a8 d7 e1 Error: UNC 96 sectors at LBA = 0x01d7a8c8 = 30910664
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 60 a0 a8 d7 e1 08 17d+13:32:11.498 READ DMA
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 08 17d+13:32:11.498 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 17d+13:32:11.497 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 17d+13:32:11.497 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 9 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 33842 hours (1410 days + 2 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 60 a8 a8 d7 e1 Error: UNC 96 sectors at LBA = 0x01d7a8a8 = 30910632
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 60 a0 a8 d7 e1 08 17d+13:32:07.412 READ DMA
c8 00 08 98 a8 d7 e1 08 17d+13:32:07.412 READ DMA
Error 8 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 33841 hours (1410 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 08 48 f9 80 e1 Error: UNC 8 sectors at LBA = 0x0180f948 = 25229640
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 08 48 f9 80 e1 08 17d+13:12:31.938 READ DMA
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 08 17d+13:12:31.938 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 17d+13:12:31.937 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 17d+13:12:31.937 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 7 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 33841 hours (1410 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 08 48 f9 80 e1 Error: UNC 8 sectors at LBA = 0x0180f948 = 25229640
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 08 48 f9 80 e1 08 17d+13:12:29.429 READ DMA
c8 00 b8 48 f5 80 e1 08 17d+13:12:29.410 READ DMA
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 33858 384848
# 2 Short offline Completed: read failure 80% 33857 1951525160
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
编辑
我sda使用以下方法克隆磁盘：
ddrescue -d -f -r3 /dev/sda /dev/sde ddrescue.log 文件
GNU ddrescue 1.19
Initial status (read from logfile)
rescued: 1000 GB, errsize: 4096 B, errors: 3
Current status
rescued: 1000 GB, errsize: 4096 B, current rate: 0 B/s
ipos: 1052 kB, errors: 3, average rate: 0 B/s
opos: 1052 kB, run time: 3.13 m, successful read: 3.13 m ago
但克隆磁盘sde也说：mdadm: No md superblock detected on /dev/sde1.我可以恢复那些超级块吗？
答案1
我们需要将您的问题分为两个：
- 重建阵列以查找丢失的
/dev/sda超级块。 - 处理损坏的数据
/dev/sdc
重建阵列
我认为未从 /dev/sda 恢复的 4kB 块是超级块，因为您的分区从 1MiB（2048 个扇区）开始，而超级块从分区的 +8 个扇区（2056 个扇区）开始，恰好在 2056 扇区标记上坏扇区存在的地方。假设该驱动器上的其余数据 100% 完好无损。
一般来说，问题--assume-clean在于您需要非常小心，确保参数与创建数组时使用的参数完全匹配。自数组创建日期以来默认值的更改Tue Aug 28 17:44:52 2012是您的敌人。元数据版本、位图假设（大于 100GB 的设备现在自动获取）、raid 布局等。
如果您不确定，我强烈建议将所有 4 个驱动器克隆到其他驱动器（在绝对紧要关头，您甚至可以使用单个驱动器，每个驱动器有 4 个分区，每个分区 1TB/1953122952 扇区），并尝试重新组装该驱动器反而。正如/dev/sda开始出现故障一样/dev/sdc，您可能同时购买了所有驱动器，甚至可能购买了数据的两个完整副本，以防万一您在尝试恢复时遇到进一步的驱动器故障（取决于您认为您的驱动器的价值）数据）。
如果假设清理在测试副本上有效，那么您就可以将其移动到其他地方。
这里有一些脚本可以帮助您，提取上面给出的内容（请注意，--examine某些值以扇区为单位进行报告，但--create以 KiB 为单位）。
#!/bin/bash
# Facts we know about your array, from your mdadm -E output.
num_devices=4
num_spares=0
chunk_size=512 # KiB
data_offset=1024 # KiB
drive_size=976561152 # KiB
uuid=87fdc598:a995d0f7:41123bcf:e2760aeb
metadata_ver=1.2
name=itake:0
bitmap=none
original_device_order=(/dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1)
# I assume you recovered:
# /dev/sda to /dev/sde
# /dev/sdc to /dev/sdf
# If not, adjust as needed.
#
# Read all the way to the bottom of my response first, because you
# MIGHT want to use 'missing' in place of /dev/sdf1 initially.
new_device_order=(/dev/sde1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdf1 /dev/sdd1)
mdadm --create /dev/md0 \
--level 5 --layout left-symmetric
-n $num_devices -x $num_spares \
--uuid $uuid \
--metadata $metadata_ver \
--chunk $chunk_size
--size $drive_size \
--data-offset $data_offset \
--name $name \
--bitmap $bitmap \
${new_device_order[@]}
清理阵列（选项 1）
我们知道/dev/sdc您的数据区域中间有坏扇区，作为一个稍微更核心的选项，您可以missing在/dev/sdf1阵列创建期间传递 ，然后mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdf1强制从其他设备重建到/dev/sdf1。
清理阵列（选项 2）
现在我们需要修复 的部分/dev/sdc已经消失的事实，并且在 的位置上/dev/sdf只有归零的块。
echo repair >/sys/devices/virtual/block/md0/md/sync_action
最后，您应该修复它，但我不能 100% 确定恢复这些块将采取的行为。