我有一个双启动桌面，运行 Windows 10（专业版）和 Ubuntu 14.04；一切都运行良好，直到我将 Windows 10 更新到版本 1511（2015 年 11 月更新）。自从更新以来，我的（有线）以太网连接在 Ubuntu 下不再工作，尽管它在 Windows 下仍然可以正常工作。
Ubuntu 网络管理器不断尝试建立有线连接，但过了一会儿它只是报告：已断开连接 - 您现在处于离线状态。我注意到在 Windows 更新期间安装了新的网络驱动程序（请参阅Windows 设备属性）。这和我在 Ubuntu 中遇到的问题有关吗？
为了解决这个问题，我尝试安装了最新的 Intel Linux 网络驱动程序，但没有任何效果。我想 Linux 网络驱动程序更新解释了“模块验证失败：缺少签名和/或所需密钥 - 污染内核”dmesg 输出中的行。在我更新 Intel e1000e 驱动程序（原始版本为 2.3.2-k）之前，此行不存在。
我读过一些关于解决网络问题的帖子，并收集了一些终端命令的输出，但是我对 Linux 和网络的了解有限，无法独自解决问题......如能得到任何帮助我将不胜感激。
me@desktop:~$ sudo lspci -v
00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection I217-V (rev 04)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 859f
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 42
Memory at f3300000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K]
Memory at f3339000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
I/O ports at f040 [size=32]
Capabilities: [c8] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [d0] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [e0] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: e1000e
... (output for other devices was omitted as deemed irrelevant)
me@desktop:~$ lsmod
Module Size Used by
pci_stub 12622 1
vboxpci 23194 0
vboxnetadp 25670 0
vboxnetflt 27830 0
vboxdrv 414452 3 vboxnetadp,vboxnetflt,vboxpci
uas 27255 0
usb_storage 66545 2 uas
rfcomm 69509 0
bnep 19624 2
bluetooth 446409 10 bnep,rfcomm
snd_hda_codec_hdmi 47548 1
6lowpan_iphc 18702 1 bluetooth
nls_iso8859_1 12713 1
joydev 17393 0
hid_generic 12559 0
usbhid 52616 0
hid 110426 2 hid_generic,usbhid
snd_hda_codec_realtek 77561 1
snd_hda_codec_generic 69011 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek
nvidia 8591825 58
snd_hda_intel 30469 5
snd_hda_controller 30228 1 snd_hda_intel
snd_hda_codec 139719 5 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_controller
snd_hwdep 17698 1 snd_hda_codec
intel_rapl 18783 0
snd_pcm 104112 4 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_controller
x86_pkg_temp_thermal 14205 0
intel_powerclamp 18823 0
kvm_intel 143630 0
kvm 456292 1 kvm_intel
snd_seq_midi 13564 0
snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_rawmidi 30876 1 snd_seq_midi
crct10dif_pclmul 14307 0
eeepc_wmi 13151 0
snd_seq 63074 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi
crc32_pclmul 13133 0
asus_wmi 24094 1 eeepc_wmi
sparse_keymap 13948 1 asus_wmi
ghash_clmulni_intel 13230 0
mxm_wmi 13021 0
snd_seq_device 14497 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi
aesni_intel 152552 0
snd_timer 29562 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq
aes_x86_64 17131 1 aesni_intel
lrw 13286 1 aesni_intel
gf128mul 14951 1 lrw
snd 79468 21 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hwdep,snd_timer,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_pcm,snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_seq_device
drm 311018 3 nvidia
glue_helper 13990 1 aesni_intel
ablk_helper 13597 1 aesni_intel
soundcore 15047 2 snd,snd_hda_codec
cryptd 20359 3 ghash_clmulni_intel,aesni_intel,ablk_helper
mei_me 19696 0
parport_pc 32741 0
shpchp 37047 0
mei 87875 1 mei_me
serio_raw 13483 0
lpc_ich 21093 0
ppdev 17671 0
nct6775 55272 0
hwmon_vid 12783 1 nct6775
wmi 19193 2 mxm_wmi,asus_wmi
soc_button_array 12720 0
coretemp 13441 0
tpm_infineon 17131 0
video 20128 1 asus_wmi
mac_hid 13227 0
lp 17759 0
parport 42348 3 lp,ppdev,parport_pc
psmouse 106767 0
ahci 34142 4
e1000e 273604 0
ptp 19395 1 e1000e
libahci 32424 1 ahci
pps_core 19382 1 ptp
me@desktop:~$ dmesg | grep "e1000e\|eth0"
[ 0.534357] e1000e: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel
[ 0.534696] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.4.2-NAPI
[ 0.534698] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[ 0.534809] e1000e 0000:00:19.0: Interrupt Throttling Rate (ints/sec) set to dynamic conservative mode
[ 0.534822] e1000e 0000:00:19.0: irq 42 for MSI/MSI-X
[ 0.704888] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 eth0: registered PHC clock
[ 0.704891] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 eth0: (PCI Express:2.5GT/s:Width x1) 63:c1:2a:2c:b4:d5
[ 0.704892] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection
[ 0.704927] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 eth0: MAC: 11, PHY: 12, PBA No: FFFFFF-0FF
[ 2.685858] e1000e 0000:00:19.0: irq 42 for MSI/MSI-X
[ 2.788268] e1000e 0000:00:19.0: irq 42 for MSI/MSI-X
[ 2.788372] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
[ 5.641432] e1000e: eth0 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx
[ 5.641459] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready
me@desktop:~$ ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 63:c1:2a:2c:b4:d5
inet6 addr: fe80::61c1:2aff:fe2c:b4d5/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:159 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:252 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:22346 (22.3 KB) TX bytes:51674 (51.6 KB)
Interrupt:20 Memory:f3300000-f3320000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:758 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:758 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:66984 (66.9 KB) TX bytes:66984 (66.9 KB)
me@desktop:~$ cat /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
me@desktop:~$ ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 63:c1:2a:2c:b4:d5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
me@desktop:~$ nmcli dev list iface eth0
GENERAL.DEVICE: eth0
GENERAL.TYPE: 802-3-ethernet
GENERAL.VENDOR: Intel Corporation
GENERAL.PRODUCT: Ethernet Connection I217-V
GENERAL.DRIVER: e1000e
GENERAL.DRIVER-VERSION: 3.2.4.2-NAPI
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-VERSION: 0.13-4
GENERAL.HWADDR: 63:c1:2a:2c:b4:d5
GENERAL.STATE: 30 (disconnected)
GENERAL.REASON: 0 (No reason given)
GENERAL.UDI: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:19.0/net/eth0
GENERAL.IP-IFACE:
GENERAL.NM-MANAGED: yes
GENERAL.AUTOCONNECT: yes
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-MISSING: no
GENERAL.CONNECTION: not connected
CAPABILITIES.CARRIER-DETECT: yes
CAPABILITIES.SPEED: 1000 Mb/s
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTION-PATHS: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Settings/{0}
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTIONS[1]: 4891c95e-8447-4ed2-8c2c-138f8ab359c4 | Ethernet connection 1
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER: on
me@desktop:~$ sudo lshw -class network
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: Ethernet Connection I217-V
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 19
bus info: pci@0000:00:19.0
logical name: eth0
version: 04
serial: 63:c1:2a:2c:b4:d5
size: 1Gbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000e driverversion=3.2.4.2-NAPI duplex=full firmware=0.13-4 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=1Gbit/s
resources: irq:42 memory:f3300000-f331ffff memory:f3339000-f3339fff ioport:f040(size=32)
me@desktop:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS
Release: 14.04
Codename: trusty
me@desktop:~$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 desktop
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
me@desktop:~$ cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
答案1
问题似乎已经以某种方式解决了；Windows 安装了另一个更新，之后当我启动 Ubuntu 时，网络连接又恢复了。
我不清楚更新 Linux 网络驱动程序是否是解决方案的一部分，我根本不知道问题是什么以及如何解决它。
我只知道它又起作用了；案子了结。
更新 2015-12-06：问题仍然没有解决，ubuntu 中的网络连接仅在我正常关闭 Windows（启用快速启动）时才有效。当 Windows 关闭时没有快速启动（SHIFT + 关机或 Windows 重新启动时），ubuntu 中的网络连接不起作用。我觉得这真的很奇怪和烦人，但至少我有一个解决方法（启动 Windows 并在启用快速启动的情况下将其关闭）。
答案2
你是对的......我有完全相同的问题...... Windows更新1511导致Windows在关机过程中不释放NIC......因此，任何重新启动或关闭形式如果没有启用快速启动，Windows都将无法完成关机过程，从而“将NIC锁定到Windows”，因此无法使其在没有Windows的情况下运行......这只是另一种微软控制机制，进一步证明他们不会让你使用你自己的硬件......但它会变得更好......我决定擦除我的驱动器并彻底摆脱Windows......但是由于我已按照加载Linux时的说明禁用快速启动，因此即使在完全擦除（使用gparted）并重新加载后，NIC仍然无法工作......所以我很遗憾地重新加载了Windows 10以释放卡，这样我就可以擦除硬盘并重新加载我选择的Linux......根据我上个月的研究，微软声称更新1511没有任何问题，因此无意修复它