我有一个连接到前面板的耳机和连接到后面板（固定计算机）的扬声器。我希望能够从扬声器或耳机播放音频，但不能同时播放任何音频。我使用的是 Ubuntu 15.10 (Wily)。耳机和扬声器都是模拟的。
我知道这应该以某种方式起作用，我已经找到了类似这样的帖子：thomasa88.blogspot.se/2008/11/pulseaudio-and-speakersheadphones.html
但我无法让它正常工作，可能是因为帖子已经过时了。
我的声卡：Realtek ALC892（内置于主板）
有人能告诉我我需要做什么吗？如果您需要我提供更多信息，请直接询问！
更新（2016/01/17）
输出amixer：
Simple mixer control 'Master',0
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono: Playback 45 [70%] [-19.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 64 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Front Right: Playback 64 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'PCM',0
Capabilities: pvolume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 255
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 254 [100%] [-0.20dB]
Front Right: Playback 254 [100%] [-0.20dB]
Simple mixer control 'Front',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 64 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Front Right: Playback 64 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Front Mic',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 31
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [off]
Front Right: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Front Mic Boost',0
Capabilities: volume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: 0 - 3
Front Left: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
Front Right: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
Simple mixer control 'Surround',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Front Right: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Center',0
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'LFE',0
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Side',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Front Right: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Line',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 31
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [off]
Front Right: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Line Boost',0
Capabilities: volume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: 0 - 3
Front Left: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
Front Right: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',0
Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Mono: Playback [off]
Simple mixer control 'IEC958 Default PCM',0
Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Mono: Playback [on]
Simple mixer control 'Capture',0
Capabilities: cvolume cswitch
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Capture 0 - 46
Front Left: Capture 46 [100%] [30.00dB] [on]
Front Right: Capture 46 [100%] [30.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Capture',1
Capabilities: cvolume cswitch
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Capture 0 - 46
Front Left: Capture 0 [0%] [-16.00dB] [off]
Front Right: Capture 0 [0%] [-16.00dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Input Source',0
Capabilities: cenum
Items: 'Front Mic' 'Rear Mic' 'Line'
Item0: 'Front Mic'
Simple mixer control 'Input Source',1
Capabilities: cenum
Items: 'Front Mic' 'Rear Mic' 'Line'
Item0: 'Front Mic'
Simple mixer control 'Rear Mic',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 31
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [off]
Front Right: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Rear Mic Boost',0
Capabilities: volume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: 0 - 3
Front Left: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
Front Right: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
我猜它应该是可以的，因为它在 Windows 7 中使用相同的设置就能完美运行，尽管我对 Ubuntu 还很陌生。
更新（2016/01/20）
alsamixer将声音输出设置为“Line Out”时的结果。
当拔下或插入任何相关设备时，不会自动静音。
在 alsamixer 中，我可以独立于其他所有设备静音“耳机”声道。但是，要静音扬声器，我需要静音“前置”声道，而不能在不静音其他所有设备的情况下静音该声道。
我能做的最好的就是将“前置”声道的音量调低到 0，问题是扬声器仍然播放声音（虽然很低但仍然存在，并且没有低到可以忽略不计）。
需要明确的是：
我希望能够独立地使耳机和扬声器静音，并且不同时收听两者，我该怎么做？
答案1
这通常开箱即用，无需任何修改。理想情况下，如果您的前面板支持插孔检测，它应该像笔记本电脑一样自动工作，当连接时，音频会路由到耳机，当耳机断开连接时，音频会路由到扬声器。您可以在pavucontrol。
链接中描述的方法通过播放选项卡（也描述了这里) 旨在将流从一个声卡移动到另一个声卡。设置具有重新映射通道的虚拟声卡看起来有点过于复杂。
编辑：我刚刚检查了我的台式机（我不经常使用板载声卡），它配有 Haswell 主板和 ALC892 芯片，在 14.04 中，插孔检测功能可以正常工作，并且在连接耳机时会自动切换到前面板。检查您的前面板是否有高清音频连接器（1，2）。