我没有尝试安装任何东西。但是错误消息
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘--showme:link’
每当我启动它时，它都会作为终端的第一行弹出。
该问题在14.04中就存在，升级到16.04后仍然存在。
知道为什么会发生这种情况以及可能的解决方案吗？
输出cat ~/.bashrc读取
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples
# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
*i*) ;;
*) return;;
esac
# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.
# See bash(1) for more options
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
shopt -s histappend
# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000
# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
shopt -s checkwinsize
# If set, the pattern "**" used in a pathname expansion context will
# match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
#shopt -s globstar
# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)
[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval "$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)"
# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
if [ -z "${debian_chroot:-}" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
fi
# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)
case "$TERM" in
xterm-color) color_prompt=yes;;
esac
# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned
# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window
# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
#force_color_prompt=yes
if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then
if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
# We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48
# (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such
# a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
color_prompt=yes
else
color_prompt=
fi
fi
if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
else
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
fi
unset color_prompt force_color_prompt
# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
case "$TERM" in
xterm*|rxvt*)
PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \w\a\]$PS1"
;;
*)
;;
esac
# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
#alias dir='dir --color=auto'
#alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi
# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -alF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'
# Add an "alert" alias for long running commands. Use like so:
# sleep 10; alert
alias alert='notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$(history|tail -n1|sed -e '\''s/^\s*[0-9]\+\s*//;s/[;&|]\s*alert$//'\'')"'
# Alias definitions.
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.
if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
. ~/.bash_aliases
fi
# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
if ! shopt -oq posix; then
if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
. /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
. /etc/bash_completion
fi
fi
source /opt/openfoam30/etc/bashrc
的输出cat /opt/openfoam30/etc/bashrc是
#----------------------------------*-sh-*--------------------------------------
# ========= |
# \\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
# \\ / O peration |
# \\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
# \\/ M anipulation |
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# License
# This file is part of OpenFOAM.
#
# OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
# for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
# File
# etc/bashrc
#
# Description
# Startup file for OpenFOAM
# Sourced from ~/.profile or ~/.bashrc
# Should be usable by any POSIX-compliant shell (eg, ksh)
#
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
export WM_PROJECT=OpenFOAM
export WM_PROJECT_VERSION=3.0.1
################################################################################
# USER EDITABLE PART: Changes made here may be lost with the next upgrade
#
# either set $FOAM_INST_DIR before sourcing this file or set
# 'foamInstall' below to where OpenFOAM is installed
#
# Location of the OpenFOAM installation
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
foamInstall=/opt
# foamInstall=~$WM_PROJECT
# foamInstall=/opt/$WM_PROJECT
# foamInstall=/usr/local/$WM_PROJECT
#
# END OF (NORMAL) USER EDITABLE PART
################################################################################
#
# These are the defaults for this version which should generally be
# overridden from the prefs.sh file or from command-line specification
#
#- note the location for later use (eg, in job scripts)
: ${FOAM_INST_DIR:=$foamInstall}; export FOAM_INST_DIR
#- Compiler location:
# foamCompiler= system | ThirdParty (OpenFOAM)
foamCompiler=system
#- Compiler:
# WM_COMPILER = Gcc | Gcc45 | Gcc46 | Gcc47 | Gcc48 | Gcc49| Clang | Icc
export WM_COMPILER=Gcc
unset WM_COMPILER_ARCH WM_COMPILER_LIB_ARCH
#- Memory addressing:
# On a 64bit OS this can be 32bit or 64bit
# On a 32bit OS addressing is 32bit and this option is not used
# WM_ARCH_OPTION = 32 | 64
export WM_ARCH_OPTION=64
#- Precision:
# WM_PRECISION_OPTION = DP | SP
export WM_PRECISION_OPTION=DP
#- Label size:
# WM_LABEL_SIZE = 32 | 64
export WM_LABEL_SIZE=32
#- Optimised, debug, profiling:
# WM_COMPILE_OPTION = Opt | Debug | Prof
export WM_COMPILE_OPTION=Opt
#- MPI implementation:
# WM_MPLIB = SYSTEMOPENMPI | OPENMPI | SYSTEMMPI | MPICH | MPICH-GM | HPMPI
# | MPI | QSMPI | SGIMPI
export WM_MPLIB=SYSTEMOPENMPI
#- Operating System:
# WM_OSTYPE = POSIX | ???
export WM_OSTYPE=POSIX
#- Floating-point signal handling:
# set or unset
export FOAM_SIGFPE=
#- memory initialisation:
# set or unset
#export FOAM_SETNAN=
################################################################################
# The old dirs to be cleaned from the various environment variables
# - remove anything under top-level directory.
# NB: the WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR might not be identical between versions
foamOldDirs="$FOAM_INST_DIR $WM_PROJECT_SITE $HOME/$WM_PROJECT/$USER"
if [ "$WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR" != "$FOAM_INST_DIR" ]
then
foamOldDirs="$WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR $foamOldDirs"
fi
# Location of installation
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
export WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR=$FOAM_INST_DIR
export WM_PROJECT_DIR=$WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR/openfoam30
# Location of third-party software
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
export WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR=$WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR/ThirdParty-$WM_PROJECT_VERSION
# Location of site-specific templates etc
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# unset is equivalent to $WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR/site
if [ -d "$WM_PROJECT_SITE" ]
then
export WM_PROJECT_SITE
else
unset WM_PROJECT_SITE
fi
# Location of user files
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
export WM_PROJECT_USER_DIR=$HOME/$WM_PROJECT/$USER-$WM_PROJECT_VERSION
# Source files, possibly with some verbosity
_foamSource()
{
while [ $# -ge 1 ]
do
[ "$FOAM_VERBOSE" -a "$PS1" ] && echo "Sourcing: $1" 1>&2
. $1
shift
done
}
# Evaluate command-line parameters
_foamEval()
{
while [ $# -gt 0 ]
do
case "$1" in
-*)
# stray option (not meant for us here) -> get out
break
;;
*=)
# name= -> unset name
[ "$FOAM_VERBOSE" -a "$PS1" ] && echo "unset ${1%=}" 1>&2
eval "unset ${1%=}"
;;
*=*)
# name=value -> export name=value
[ "$FOAM_VERBOSE" -a "$PS1" ] && echo "export $1" 1>&2
eval "export $1"
;;
*)
# filename: source it
if [ -f "$1" ]
then
_foamSource "$1"
else
_foamSource `$WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/foamEtcFile -silent "$1"`
fi
;;
esac
shift
done
}
# Add in preset user or site preferences:
_foamSource `$WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/foamEtcFile prefs.sh`
# Evaluate command-line parameters and record settings for later
# these can be used to set/unset values, or specify alternative pref files
export FOAM_SETTINGS="$@"
_foamEval $@
# Clean standard environment variables (PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, MANPATH)
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
foamClean=$WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/foamCleanPath
#- Clean PATH
cleaned=`$foamClean "$PATH" "$foamOldDirs"` && PATH="$cleaned"
#- Clean LD_LIBRARY_PATH
cleaned=`$foamClean "$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" "$foamOldDirs"` \
&& LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$cleaned"
#- Clean MANPATH
cleaned=`$foamClean "$MANPATH" "$foamOldDirs"` && MANPATH="$cleaned"
export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH MANPATH
# Source project setup files
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_foamSource $WM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/config/settings.sh
_foamSource $WM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/config/aliases.sh
# Source user setup files for optional packages
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_foamSource `$WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/foamEtcFile config/paraview.sh`
_foamSource `$WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/foamEtcFile config/ensight.sh`
_foamSource `$WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/foamEtcFile config/gperftools.sh`
_foamSource `$WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/foamEtcFile config/CGAL.sh`
# Clean environment paths again. Only remove duplicates
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#- Clean PATH
cleaned=`$foamClean "$PATH"` && PATH="$cleaned"
#- Clean LD_LIBRARY_PATH
cleaned=`$foamClean "$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"` && LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$cleaned"
#- Clean MANPATH (trailing ':' to find system pages)
cleaned=`$foamClean "$MANPATH"`: && MANPATH="$cleaned"
export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH MANPATH
#- Clean LD_PRELOAD
if [ -n "$LD_PRELOAD" ]
then
cleaned=`$foamClean "$LD_PRELOAD"` && LD_PRELOAD="$cleaned"
export LD_PRELOAD
fi
# cleanup environment:
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
unset cleaned foamClean foamInstall foamOldDirs
unset _foamSource _foamEval
# ----------------------------------------------------------------- end-of-file
答案1
您的~/.bashrc末尾有以下一行：
source /opt/openfoam30/etc/bashrc
iebash将/opt/openfoam30/etc/bashrc在启动交互式会话时提供源代码。
该文件中存在潜在问题，因为其他部分似乎相当正常。但有趣的是，该文件不直接调用，gcc但它source调用了许多其他文件，因此很难找到导致此问题的特定文件/行。
相反，作为一种反复试验的方法（并且确信这应该是有问题的方法），您可以注释掉以下行~/.bashrc：
# source /opt/openfoam30/etc/bashrc
按照您的评论，它起作用了！！错误消息消失了。
为了将来调试此类会话启动相关问题的第一步是bash检查相关文件是否有任何内容：
对于登录交互会话bash：
grep -Hn 'gcc' ~/.bashrc /etc/bash.bashrc ~/.profile /etc/profile
对于非登录交互会话bash：
grep -Hn 'gcc' ~/.bashrc /etc/bash.bashrc
如果没有，请阅读相关文件，您应该会得到进一步调试的提示。