我多年来一直使用 webmin 来管理我的 RAID 阵列，但我从来没有任何理由mdadm在终端中使用这些命令。
然而，几天前，我向我的六个驱动器的 RAID6 阵列添加了一个磁盘，并且重塑没有任何进展。我以为如果我重新启动计算机，问题就会解决，但重新启动后，我现在遇到了更大的问题。
虽然阵列在重新启动后处于干净状态，但我无法在 /dev/md3 上启动阵列。请参阅命令和附加的 webmin 屏幕截图。
250:~ # cat /etc/os-release
NAME="openSUSE Tumbleweed"
# VERSION="20161112"
ID=opensuse
ID_LIKE="suse"
VERSION_ID="20161112"
PRETTY_NAME="openSUSE Tumbleweed"
ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:opensuse:tumbleweed:20161112"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.opensuse.org"
HOME_URL="https://www.opensuse.org/"
250:~ # uname -a
Linux 250 4.8.6-2-default #1 SMP PREEMPT Thu Nov 3 13:00:34 UTC 2016 (1d89b44) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
250:~ # rpm -q webmin
webmin-1.820-1.noarch
250:~ # mdadm -V
mdadm - v3.4 - 28th January 2016
250:~ # cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md127 : active raid6 sdi2[7] sdf2[4] sdc2[2] sdb2[0] sda2[1] sdd2[5] sdg2[6]
5119360 blocks super 1.0 level 6, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [7/7] [UUUUUUU]
bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md1 : active raid6 sdc3[2] sdf3[5] sda3[1] sdb3[3] sdd3[4] sdi3[6] sdg3[0]
153599360 blocks super 1.0 level 6, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [7/7] [UUUUUUU]
bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md3 : inactive sdi4[7] sdf4[4] sdd4[5] sdb4[0] sdc4[2] sda4[1] sdg4[6]
3103718444 blocks super 1.0
md0 : active raid6 sdf6[5] sdc6[2] sdb6[4] sda6[1] sdi6[8] sdd6[6] sdg6[7]
7149870080 blocks super 1.2 level 6, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [7/7] [UUUUUUU]
bitmap: 0/11 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md2 : active raid6 sdb5[0] sdc5[2] sdd5[5] sda5[1] sdi5[7] sdf5[4] sdg5[6]
5119993600 blocks super 1.0 level 6, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [7/7] [UUUUUUU]
bitmap: 0/8 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
unused devices: <none>
250:~ # mdadm -D /dev/md3
/dev/md3:
Version : 1.0
Creation Time : Sat Dec 12 07:16:21 2015
Raid Level : raid6
Used Dev Size : 443387648 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Raid Devices : 7
Total Devices : 7
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Thu Nov 17 14:17:34 2016
State : active, Not Started
Active Devices : 7
Working Devices : 7
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
Delta Devices : 1, (6->7)
Name : any:3
UUID : 51cc1190:dc4821a5:c1161e00:b73e02ec
Events : 139752
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 20 0 active sync /dev/sdb4
1 8 4 1 active sync /dev/sda4
2 8 36 2 active sync /dev/sdc4
4 8 84 3 active sync /dev/sdf4
6 8 100 4 active sync /dev/sdg4
5 8 52 5 active sync /dev/sdd4
7 8 132 6 active sync /dev/sdi4
250:~ # mdadm -E /dev/sd[abcdfgi]4
/dev/sda4:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.0
Feature Map : 0x5
Array UUID : 51cc1190:dc4821a5:c1161e00:b73e02ec
Name : any:3
Creation Time : Sat Dec 12 07:16:21 2015
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 886775528 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Array Size : 2216938240 (2114.24 GiB 2270.14 GB)
Used Dev Size : 886775296 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Super Offset : 886775792 sectors
Unused Space : before=0 sectors, after=480 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 92f5e8d6:4e55facc:5446de77:ee298eee
Internal Bitmap : -16 sectors from superblock
Reshape pos'n : 0
Delta Devices : 1 (6->7)
Update Time : Thu Nov 17 14:17:34 2016
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset -8 sectors
Checksum : 5c4a0af8 - correct
Events : 139752
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : AAAAAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdb4:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.0
Feature Map : 0x5
Array UUID : 51cc1190:dc4821a5:c1161e00:b73e02ec
Name : any:3
Creation Time : Sat Dec 12 07:16:21 2015
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 886775528 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Array Size : 2216938240 (2114.24 GiB 2270.14 GB)
Used Dev Size : 886775296 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Super Offset : 886775792 sectors
Unused Space : before=0 sectors, after=480 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : b36bd7a1:ec792d23:51c0e852:e9ba91b5
Internal Bitmap : -16 sectors from superblock
Reshape pos'n : 0
Delta Devices : 1 (6->7)
Update Time : Thu Nov 17 14:17:34 2016
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset -8 sectors
Checksum : 1f79aeed - correct
Events : 139752
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AAAAAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdc4:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.0
Feature Map : 0x5
Array UUID : 51cc1190:dc4821a5:c1161e00:b73e02ec
Name : any:3
Creation Time : Sat Dec 12 07:16:21 2015
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 886783720 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Array Size : 2216938240 (2114.24 GiB 2270.14 GB)
Used Dev Size : 886775296 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Super Offset : 886783984 sectors
Unused Space : before=0 sectors, after=8672 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : ab40e58e:724de1e3:e502ccf0:831a93cd
Internal Bitmap : -16 sectors from superblock
Reshape pos'n : 0
Delta Devices : 1 (6->7)
Update Time : Thu Nov 17 14:17:34 2016
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset -8 sectors
Checksum : 8320399c - correct
Events : 139752
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
Device Role : Active device 2
Array State : AAAAAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdd4:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.0
Feature Map : 0x5
Array UUID : 51cc1190:dc4821a5:c1161e00:b73e02ec
Name : any:3
Creation Time : Sat Dec 12 07:16:21 2015
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 886775528 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Array Size : 2216938240 (2114.24 GiB 2270.14 GB)
Used Dev Size : 886775296 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Super Offset : 886775792 sectors
Unused Space : before=0 sectors, after=480 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : b0f9f68d:0ad6f39a:50043287:10b0570d
Internal Bitmap : -16 sectors from superblock
Reshape pos'n : 0
Delta Devices : 1 (6->7)
Update Time : Thu Nov 17 14:17:34 2016
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset -8 sectors
Checksum : f6ed233 - correct
Events : 139752
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
Device Role : Active device 5
Array State : AAAAAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdf4:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.0
Feature Map : 0x5
Array UUID : 51cc1190:dc4821a5:c1161e00:b73e02ec
Name : any:3
Creation Time : Sat Dec 12 07:16:21 2015
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 886775528 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Array Size : 2216938240 (2114.24 GiB 2270.14 GB)
Used Dev Size : 886775296 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Super Offset : 886775792 sectors
Unused Space : before=0 sectors, after=480 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : c63684ba:59abf1dc:603d3c94:b5efd4b6
Internal Bitmap : -16 sectors from superblock
Reshape pos'n : 0
Delta Devices : 1 (6->7)
Update Time : Thu Nov 17 14:17:34 2016
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset -8 sectors
Checksum : 34815d4d - correct
Events : 139752
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
Device Role : Active device 3
Array State : AAAAAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdg4:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.0
Feature Map : 0x5
Array UUID : 51cc1190:dc4821a5:c1161e00:b73e02ec
Name : any:3
Creation Time : Sat Dec 12 07:16:21 2015
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 886775528 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Array Size : 2216938240 (2114.24 GiB 2270.14 GB)
Used Dev Size : 886775296 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Super Offset : 886775792 sectors
Unused Space : before=0 sectors, after=480 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 9ef6c9e1:5a56c716:4cc8645f:bd92060b
Internal Bitmap : -16 sectors from superblock
Reshape pos'n : 0
Delta Devices : 1 (6->7)
Update Time : Thu Nov 17 14:17:34 2016
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset -8 sectors
Checksum : b4f6f61a - correct
Events : 139752
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
Device Role : Active device 4
Array State : AAAAAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdi4:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.0
Feature Map : 0x5
Array UUID : 51cc1190:dc4821a5:c1161e00:b73e02ec
Name : any:3
Creation Time : Sat Dec 12 07:16:21 2015
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 886775528 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Array Size : 2216938240 (2114.24 GiB 2270.14 GB)
Used Dev Size : 886775296 (422.85 GiB 454.03 GB)
Super Offset : 886775792 sectors
Unused Space : before=0 sectors, after=480 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : a6046dca:1edf6818:5fe92892:2e3a966f
Internal Bitmap : -16 sectors from superblock
Reshape pos'n : 0
Delta Devices : 1 (6->7)
Update Time : Thu Nov 17 14:17:34 2016
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset -8 sectors
Checksum : 368f556c - correct
Events : 139752
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
Device Role : Active device 6
Array State : AAAAAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
250:~ # mdadm --examine --scan
ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=ad2e4877:bb799c91:49e20b58:c0866104 name=430:0
ARRAY /dev/md/swap metadata=1.0 UUID=a8f1a9d5:bd89d7db:0764ba4d:5a515066 name=any:swap
ARRAY /dev/md/2 metadata=1.0 UUID=0d675c76:d91e6dd2:b8b89871:5af91fed name=any:2
ARRAY /dev/md/3 metadata=1.0 UUID=51cc1190:dc4821a5:c1161e00:b73e02ec name=any:3
ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.0 UUID=8cedcb83:66499024:f9d66cca:7e7b367b name=any:0
答案1
如果mdadm在组装数组时无法找到数组的所有部分，则不会自动激活它使用。您可以使用命令手动激活它mdadm --run /dev/md3。它可能以只读模式启动，在这种情况下，您可以使用 将其置于读写模式mdadm --readwrite /dev/md3。
这是一个安全的操作：如果没有足够的阵列块来保存完整的数据集（例如，RAID6 中缺少三个驱动器，或者 RAID10 中缺少一对匹配的驱动器），mdadm则不会执行任何操作。