在我的笔记本电脑上有一块独立卡应该支持 OpenCL 1.2我需要运行所需的框架：
$ lspci | grep VGA
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Seymour [Radeon HD 6400M/7400M Series] (rev ff)
我已经安装了开源驱动程序正如这个问题的答案中所述并且还下载并安装了 AMD app sdk 3.0。测试代码devices.c和hello.c编译并运行，但OpenCL 1.1 MESA即使我用 SDK 中的符号链接替换了libOpenCL.soin的符号链接后，所有内容仍然会报告：/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
$ /opt/AMDAPPSDK-3.0/bin/x86_64/clinfo
Number of platforms: 1
Platform Profile: FULL_PROFILE
Platform Version: OpenCL 1.1 MESA 11.2.0
Platform Name: Clover
Platform Vendor: Mesa
Platform Extensions: cl_khr_icd
Platform Name: Clover
Number of devices: 1
Device Type: CL_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU
Vendor ID: 1002h
Max compute units: 2
Max work items dimensions: 3
Max work items[0]: 256
Max work items[1]: 256
Max work items[2]: 256
Max work group size: 256
Preferred vector width char: 16
Preferred vector width short: 8
Preferred vector width int: 4
Preferred vector width long: 2
Preferred vector width float: 4
Preferred vector width double: 0
Native vector width char: 16
Native vector width short: 8
Native vector width int: 4
Native vector width long: 2
Native vector width float: 4
Native vector width double: 0
Max clock frequency: 750Mhz
Address bits: 32
Max memory allocation: 268435456
Image support: No
Max size of kernel argument: 1024
Alignment (bits) of base address: 1024
Minimum alignment (bytes) for any datatype: 128
Single precision floating point capability
Denorms: No
Quiet NaNs: Yes
Round to nearest even: Yes
Round to zero: No
Round to +ve and infinity: No
IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add: No
Cache type: None
Cache line size: 0
Cache size: 0
Global memory size: 1073741824
Constant buffer size: 268435456
Max number of constant args: 13
Local memory type: Scratchpad
Local memory size: 32768
Kernel Preferred work group size multiple: 64
Error correction support: 0
Unified memory for Host and Device: 1
Profiling timer resolution: 0
Device endianess: Little
Available: Yes
Compiler available: Yes
Execution capabilities:
Execute OpenCL kernels: Yes
Execute native function: No
Queue on Host properties:
Out-of-Order: No
Profiling : Yes
Platform ID: 0x7f9d5e667ac0
Name: AMD CAICOS (DRM 2.43.0, LLVM 3.8.0)
Vendor: AMD
Device OpenCL C version: OpenCL C 1.1
Driver version: 11.2.0
Profile: FULL_PROFILE
Version: OpenCL 1.1 MESA 11.2.0
Extensions: cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_byte_addressable_store
问题：有没有办法知道我的设备是否确实不支持 OpenCL 1.2，或者如果支持，然后启用它？非常感谢！
PS 我没有安装任何独立显卡的驱动程序，但据说我不需要它们。我在嵌入式卡上运行 X：
$ glxinfo | grep -i vendor
server glx vendor string: SGI
client glx vendor string: Mesa Project and SGI
Vendor: Intel Open Source Technology Center (0x8086)
OpenGL vendor string: Intel Open Source Technology Center
PS2. 当我卸载opencl-headers和时mesa-opencl-icd，甚至/opt/AMDAPPSDK-3.0/bin/x86_64/clinfo停止工作（无法获取平台ID）。
编辑3：通过创建链接到修复了上一个问题
sudo ln -s '/opt/AMDAPPSDK-3.0/lib/x86_64/sdk/libamdocl64.so' /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libamdocl64.so
但现在它将 CPU 报告为 OpenCL 设备！
$ clinfo
Number of platforms: 1
Platform Profile: FULL_PROFILE
Platform Version: OpenCL 2.0 AMD-APP (1800.8)
Platform Name: AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
Platform Vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Platform Extensions: cl_khr_icd cl_amd_event_callback cl_amd_offline_devices
Platform Name: AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
Number of devices: 1
Device Type: CL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU
Vendor ID: 1002h
Board name:
Max compute units: 4
Max work items dimensions: 3
Max work items[0]: 1024
Max work items[1]: 1024
Max work items[2]: 1024
Max work group size: 1024
Preferred vector width char: 16
Preferred vector width short: 8
Preferred vector width int: 4
Preferred vector width long: 2
Preferred vector width float: 8
Preferred vector width double: 4
Native vector width char: 16
Native vector width short: 8
Native vector width int: 4
Native vector width long: 2
Native vector width float: 8
Native vector width double: 4
Max clock frequency: 1044Mhz
Address bits: 64
Max memory allocation: 2147483648
Image support: Yes
Max number of images read arguments: 128
Max number of images write arguments: 64
Max image 2D width: 8192
Max image 2D height: 8192
Max image 3D width: 2048
Max image 3D height: 2048
Max image 3D depth: 2048
Max samplers within kernel: 16
Max size of kernel argument: 4096
Alignment (bits) of base address: 1024
Minimum alignment (bytes) for any datatype: 128
Single precision floating point capability
Denorms: Yes
Quiet NaNs: Yes
Round to nearest even: Yes
Round to zero: Yes
Round to +ve and infinity: Yes
IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add: Yes
Cache type: Read/Write
Cache line size: 64
Cache size: 32768
Global memory size: 8301789184
Constant buffer size: 65536
Max number of constant args: 8
Local memory type: Global
Local memory size: 32768
Max pipe arguments: 16
Max pipe active reservations: 16
Max pipe packet size: 2147483648
Max global variable size: 1879048192
Max global variable preferred total size: 1879048192
Max read/write image args: 64
Max on device events: 0
Queue on device max size: 0
Max on device queues: 0
Queue on device preferred size: 0
SVM capabilities:
Coarse grain buffer: No
Fine grain buffer: No
Fine grain system: No
Atomics: No
Preferred platform atomic alignment: 0
Preferred global atomic alignment: 0
Preferred local atomic alignment: 0
Kernel Preferred work group size multiple: 1
Error correction support: 0
Unified memory for Host and Device: 1
Profiling timer resolution: 1
Device endianess: Little
Available: Yes
Compiler available: Yes
Execution capabilities:
Execute OpenCL kernels: Yes
Execute native function: Yes
Queue on Host properties:
Out-of-Order: No
Profiling : Yes
Queue on Device properties:
Out-of-Order: No
Profiling : No
Platform ID: 0x7fbb72e8c430
Name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2430M CPU @ 2.40GHz
Vendor: GenuineIntel
Device OpenCL C version: OpenCL C 1.2
Driver version: 1800.8 (sse2,avx)
Profile: FULL_PROFILE
Version: OpenCL 1.2 AMD-APP (1800.8)
Extensions: cl_khr_fp64 cl_amd_fp64 cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_int64_base_atomics cl_khr_int64_extended_atomics cl_khr_3d_image_writes cl_khr_byte_addressable_store cl_khr_gl_sharing cl_ext_device_fission cl_amd_device_attribute_query cl_amd_vec3 cl_amd_printf cl_amd_media_ops cl_amd_media_ops2 cl_amd_popcnt cl_khr_spir cl_khr_gl_event
编辑 4：尝试过此版本在 Ubuntu 16.04 上，OpenCL 的 fglrx 驱动程序，clinfo 崩溃了。
编辑 5：在自定义 Debian 8 jessie LiveCD 上使用此方法，它报告 OpenCL 1.2 GPU（fglrx-driver+AMD APP SDK安装在 VM 上的 chroot 中（尽管fglrx无法检测硬件和更新 Xorg，但安装了 DKMS 模块）并根据在线指南打包到 Live USB 中），但在 Ubuntu 14.04 上无法完成相同操作（我需要的程序不支持 Debian）。我的 16.04 和旧版 Ubuntu 上的问题似乎是：
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Seymour [Radeon HD 6400M/7400M Series] (rev ff) (prog-if ff)
!!! Unknown header type 7f
Kernel driver in use: radeon
Kernel modules: radeon
不，我可以fglrx通过设置环境变量将 AMD 视为当前渲染器（14.04）DRI_PRIME=1，但 clinfo 仍然会崩溃。
现在我读到过关于fglrx已被弃用的和新的 AMD 驱动程序不支持 Radeon xxxxM 的信息，而开源驱动radeon程序不支持 OpenCL。
答案1
您部分解决了我在 A10-7850k APU 上的问题。我运行了：
sudo ln -s '/opt/AMDAPPSDK-3.0/lib/x86_64/sdk/libamdocl64.so' /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libamdocl64.so
但现在 CPU 使用的是 openCL 1.2，而 GPU 使用的是 1.1。看起来 GPU 使用的是 amdgpu 开源驱动程序，这些驱动程序是用 libclc 编译的，使用的是 opencl 1.1。我不知道如何强制图形驱动程序使用 AMD lib... 这是我的 clinfo 输出：
Number of platforms: 2
Platform Profile: FULL_PROFILE
Platform Version: OpenCL 1.1 Mesa 17.1.0-devel - padoka PPA
Platform Name: Clover
Platform Vendor: Mesa
Platform Extensions: cl_khr_icd
Platform Profile: FULL_PROFILE
Platform Version: OpenCL 2.0 AMD-APP (1800.8)
Platform Name: AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
Platform Vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Platform Extensions: cl_khr_icd cl_amd_event_callback cl_amd_offline_devices
Platform Name: Clover
Number of devices: 1
Device Type: CL_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU
Vendor ID: 1002h
Max compute units: 8
Max work items dimensions: 3
Max work items[0]: 256
Max work items[1]: 256
Max work items[2]: 256
Max work group size: 256
Preferred vector width char: 16
Preferred vector width short: 8
Preferred vector width int: 4
Preferred vector width long: 2
Preferred vector width float: 4
Preferred vector width double: 2
Native vector width char: 16
Native vector width short: 8
Native vector width int: 4
Native vector width long: 2
Native vector width float: 4
Native vector width double: 2
Max clock frequency: 720Mhz
Address bits: 64
Max memory allocation: 1497105612
Image support: No
Max size of kernel argument: 1024
Alignment (bits) of base address: 1024
Minimum alignment (bytes) for any datatype: 128
Single precision floating point capability
Denorms: No
Quiet NaNs: Yes
Round to nearest even: Yes
Round to zero: No
Round to +ve and infinity: No
IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add: No
Cache type: None
Cache line size: 0
Cache size: 0
Global memory size: 2138722304
Constant buffer size: 1497105612
Max number of constant args: 16
Local memory type: Scratchpad
Local memory size: 32768
Kernel Preferred work group size multiple: 64
Error correction support: 0
Unified memory for Host and Device: 1
Profiling timer resolution: 0
Device endianess: Little
Available: Yes
Compiler available: Yes
Execution capabilities:
Execute OpenCL kernels: Yes
Execute native function: No
Queue on Host properties:
Out-of-Order: No
Profiling : Yes
Platform ID: 0x7fea637e5ee0
Name: AMD KAVERI (DRM 2.43.0 / 4.4.0-64-generic, LLVM 5.0.0)
Vendor: AMD
Device OpenCL C version: OpenCL C 1.1
Driver version: 17.1.0-devel - padoka PPA
Profile: FULL_PROFILE
Version: OpenCL 1.1 Mesa 17.1.0-devel - padoka PPA
Extensions: cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_byte_addressable_store cl_khr_fp64
Platform Name: AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
Number of devices: 1
Device Type: CL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU
Vendor ID: 1002h
Board name:
Max compute units: 4
Max work items dimensions: 3
Max work items[0]: 1024
Max work items[1]: 1024
Max work items[2]: 1024
Max work group size: 1024
Preferred vector width char: 16
Preferred vector width short: 8
Preferred vector width int: 4
Preferred vector width long: 2
Preferred vector width float: 8
Preferred vector width double: 4
Native vector width char: 16
Native vector width short: 8
Native vector width int: 4
Native vector width long: 2
Native vector width float: 8
Native vector width double: 4
Max clock frequency: 1700Mhz
Address bits: 64
Max memory allocation: 2147483648
Image support: Yes
Max number of images read arguments: 128
Max number of images write arguments: 64
Max image 2D width: 8192
Max image 2D height: 8192
Max image 3D width: 2048
Max image 3D height: 2048
Max image 3D depth: 2048
Max samplers within kernel: 16
Max size of kernel argument: 4096
Alignment (bits) of base address: 1024
Minimum alignment (bytes) for any datatype: 128
Single precision floating point capability
Denorms: Yes
Quiet NaNs: Yes
Round to nearest even: Yes
Round to zero: Yes
Round to +ve and infinity: Yes
IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add: Yes
Cache type: Read/Write
Cache line size: 64
Cache size: 16384
Global memory size: 7321481216
Constant buffer size: 65536
Max number of constant args: 8
Local memory type: Global
Local memory size: 32768
Max pipe arguments: 16
Max pipe active reservations: 16
Max pipe packet size: 2147483648
Max global variable size: 1879048192
Max global variable preferred total size: 1879048192
Max read/write image args: 64
Max on device events: 0
Queue on device max size: 0
Max on device queues: 0
Queue on device preferred size: 0
SVM capabilities:
Coarse grain buffer: No
Fine grain buffer: No
Fine grain system: No
Atomics: No
Preferred platform atomic alignment: 0
Preferred global atomic alignment: 0
Preferred local atomic alignment: 0
Kernel Preferred work group size multiple: 1
Error correction support: 0
Unified memory for Host and Device: 1
Profiling timer resolution: 1
Device endianess: Little
Available: Yes
Compiler available: Yes
Execution capabilities:
Execute OpenCL kernels: Yes
Execute native function: Yes
Queue on Host properties:
Out-of-Order: No
Profiling : Yes
Queue on Device properties:
Out-of-Order: No
Profiling : No
Platform ID: 0x7fea585b9430
Name: AMD A10-7850K APU with Radeon(TM) R7 Graphics
Vendor: AuthenticAMD
Device OpenCL C version: OpenCL C 1.2
Driver version: 1800.8 (sse2,avx,fma4)
Profile: FULL_PROFILE
Version: OpenCL 1.2 AMD-APP (1800.8)
Extensions: cl_khr_fp64 cl_amd_fp64 cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_int64_base_atomics cl_khr_int64_extended_atomics cl_khr_3d_image_writes cl_khr_byte_addressable_store cl_khr_gl_sharing cl_ext_device_fission cl_amd_device_attribute_query cl_amd_vec3 cl_amd_printf cl_amd_media_ops cl_amd_media_ops2 cl_amd_popcnt cl_khr_spir cl_khr_gl_event ```