我的一台电脑是带有 SSD 的 Windows10 机器，最近这台机器拒绝启动。我用 USB2 电缆将 SSD 连接到我的 Ubuntu 14.04 机器，然后收到以下错误消息：
Unable to mount System-reserviert
Error mounting /dev/sdd1 at /media/newbie/System-reserviert: Command-line `mount -t "ntfs" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000" "/dev/sdd1" "/media/newbie/System-reserviert"' exited with non-zero exit status 14: The disk contains an unclean file system (0, 0).
Metadata kept in Windows cache, refused to mount.
Failed to mount '/dev/sdd1': Operation not permitted
The NTFS partition is in an unsafe state. Please resume and shutdown
Windows fully (no hibernation or fast restarting), or mount the volume
read-only with the 'ro' mount option.
Unable to mount 127 GB Volume
Error mounting /dev/sdd2 at /media/newbie/7084034984031170: Command-line `mount -t "ntfs" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000" "/dev/sdd2" "/media/newbie/7084034984031170"' exited with non-zero exit status 13: ntfs_mst_post_read_fixup_warn: magic: 0x00000000 size: 1024 usa_ofs: 0 usa_count: 65535: Invalid argument
Record 120579 has no FILE magic (0x0)
Failed to mount '/dev/sdd2': Input/output error
NTFS is either inconsistent, or there is a hardware fault, or it's a
SoftRAID/FakeRAID hardware. In the first case run chkdsk /f on Windows
then reboot into Windows twice. The usage of the /f parameter is very
important! If the device is a SoftRAID/FakeRAID then first activate
it and mount a different device under the /dev/mapper/ directory, (e.g.
/dev/mapper/nvidia_eahaabcc1). Please see the 'dmraid' documentation
for more details.
收到这些消息后我尝试：
sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdd1
Mounting volume... The disk contains an unclean file system (0, 0).
Metadata kept in Windows cache, refused to mount.
FAILED
Attempting to correct errors...
Processing $MFT and $MFTMirr...
Reading $MFT... OK
Reading $MFTMirr... OK
Comparing $MFTMirr to $MFT... OK
Processing of $MFT and $MFTMirr completed successfully.
Setting required flags on partition... OK
Going to empty the journal ($LogFile)... OK
Failed to sync device /dev/sdd1: Input/output error
Failed to access '/dev/sdd1': No such file or directory
Error opening '/dev/sdd1': No such file or directory
Remount failed: No such file or directory
进而：
sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdd2
[sudo] password for newbie:
Mounting volume... ntfs_mst_post_read_fixup_warn: magic: 0x00000000 size: 1024 usa_ofs: 0 usa_count: 65535: Invalid argument
Record 120579 has no FILE magic (0x0)
FAILED
Attempting to correct errors...
Processing $MFT and $MFTMirr...
Reading $MFT... OK
Reading $MFTMirr... OK
Comparing $MFTMirr to $MFT... OK
Processing of $MFT and $MFTMirr completed successfully.
Setting required flags on partition... OK
Going to empty the journal ($LogFile)... OK
Failed to sync device /dev/sdd2: Input/output error
Failed to fsync device /dev/sdd2: Input/output error
Error reading bootsector: Input/output error
Failed to sync device /dev/sdd2: Input/output error
Remount failed: Input/output error
然后我在其上运行了 smartctl：
sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdd
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-100-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: SanDisk SD5SB2128G1010E
Serial Number: 122455400678
LU WWN Device Id: 5 001b44 78e7e1ce6
Firmware Version: 10.01.10
User Capacity: 128,035,676,160 bytes [128 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Mon Mar 20 14:07:11 2017 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART STATUS RETURN: incomplete response, ATA output registers missing
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x13) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
No Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 10) minutes.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 4
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 100 100 --- Pre-fail Always - 3
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 253 100 --- Old_age Always - 1165
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 2284
167 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 21
168 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 577
169 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 120
171 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 0
172 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 0
173 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 51
174 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 184
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 0
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 073 043 --- Old_age Always - 27 (Min/Max 2/43)
212 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 0
230 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 326
232 Available_Reservd_Space 0x0033 100 100 004 Pre-fail Always - 100
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 326
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0030 253 253 --- Old_age Offline - 11374299312
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0030 253 253 --- Old_age Offline - 24257492896
243 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
Selective Self-tests/Logging not supported
我不在乎保存 Windows10 分区。我只想知道设备是否“损坏”或者是否可以重新格式化并再次使用，
答案1
由于 Windows 休眠文件，当您将 Windows 10 驱动器连接到 Ubuntu 机器时会收到错误。如果您与 Ubuntu 双启动，则应该在 Windows 中禁用它......但这听起来我们正在谈论两台不同的机器Fast startup。hibernation
Ubuntu 中的 ntfsfix 之类的工具确实不应该使用。它们弊大于利。
您没有描述实际的 Windows 启动失败...蓝屏等。无论如何，如果这是一台仅 Windows 10 的机器，并且您无法启动 Windows，则需要使用 Windows 安装/修复光盘来修复问题。运行修复工具将运行变体来chkdsk /f c:修复您的驱动器。
是的，您可以重新初始化/重新格式化驱动器。在重新加载操作系统/应用程序/数据之前，我会运行坏块扫描或 SMART 诊断测试。如果出错，则说明您的 SSD 有问题。