我无法使用任何声音驱动程序。它始终是静音的。声音设置没有输入或输出设备。
lspci -nnk | grep -A3 Audio
00:03.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller [8086:0c0c] (rev 06)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller [1043:8534]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI [8086:8c31] (rev 05)
--
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller [8086:8c20] (rev 05)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller [1043:8576]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 [8086:8c10] (rev d5)
aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
W: [pulseaudio] core-util.c: Failed to open configuration file '/home/uidn0919/.config/pulse//daemon.conf': Permission denied
W: [pulseaudio] daemon-conf.c: Failed to open configuration file: Permission denied
card 0: HDMI [HDA Intel HDMI], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: HDMI [HDA Intel HDMI], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC887-VD Analog [ALC887-VD Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: Audio [Plantronics Wireless Audio], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
pactl list short sinks
W: [pulseaudio] core-util.c: Failed to open configuration file '/home/user/.config/pulse//daemon.conf': Permission denied
W: [pulseaudio] daemon-conf.c: Failed to open configuration file: Permission denied
Connection failure: Connection refused
pa_context_connect() failed: Connection refused
编辑：
$ find ~/.pulse ~/.config ! \( -user "$USER" -readable -writable \) -ls
find: ‘/home/user/.pulse’: No such file or directory
3675263 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 user andrei 23 iul 11 17:45 /home/user/.config/pulse/e21eaad1df844214a04f0d2ed372765e-runtime -> /tmp/pulse-PKdhtXMmr18n
$ sudo chown -R "$USER:" ~/.pulse ~/.config
chown: cannot access '/home/user/.pulse': No such file or directory*