我试图摆脱Removing leading来自运行备份作业的 cron 的“”消息tar。电子邮件仍然有这些消息，我正在使用慢性病仅在出现错误时发送电子邮件：
ERROR OUTPUT:
/bin/tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
/bin/tar: Removing leading `/' from hard link targets
/bin/tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
我编辑了tar -czf包含-C我从中获得的选项这个线程像这样。
my($tarcmd) = "$tar -czf $backupname -C / $args $backup";
我在哪里可以删除前面提到的斜杠奥维尔·班纳特的博客文章？
也许在脚本的这一部分的某个地方？
# drobo=/path/to/drobo
if( /^\s*drobo\s*=\s*(.*)$/ ) {
$drobopath=$1;
}
# tarargs=global tar arguments
elsif( /^\s*tarargs\s*=\s*(.*)$/ ) {
$tarargs=$1;
}
# backup [condition] =/path/for/backup [tar args]
elsif( /^\s*backup\s*(\[[^\]]*\])?\s*=\s*(.*)$/ ) {
push(@backup,$2);
if( $1 ) {
$condition{$2} = $1;
这是整个脚本：
#!/usr/bin/perl -W
use POSIX;
# Global variables
# Host name will be used as name of directory for backups on drobo
my($hostname)=`/bin/hostname`;
chomp($hostname);
my($configfile)="/etc/drobo-backup.conf";
my($tar)="/bin/tar"; # Path to tar utility
my($mkdir)="/bin/mkdir"; # Path to mkdir utility
my($verbose)=0;
my($testmode)=0;
sub Usage {
print "Usage: drobo-backup [-v] [-c configfile]\n";
print " -v : verbose mode";
print " -c : specify configuration file (default $configfile)";
print " -n : printd but don't execute commands (for testing config)";
exit 1;
}
# Subroutine to back up one directory to drobo
sub do_backup {
my($drobo,$args,$backup,$cond) = @_;
# The backup arg may include per-backup tar args. Strip off these
# and quotes to get at the filename
my($backuppath)=$backup;
# If quoted, remove quotes for naming. Otherwise it is required not
# not to have embedded blanks so that per-backup tar arguments may follow.
if( $backuppath =~ /^"([^"]*)"/ ) { # double quotes
$backuppath = $1;
}
elsif( $backuppath =~ /^'([^']*)'/ ) { # single quotes
$backuppath = $1;
}
elsif( $backuppath =~ /^(\S*)/ ) { # otherwise no blanks in path
$backuppath = $1;
}
if( -d $backuppath || -f $backuppath ) { # check it is a valid dir or file
my($drobodir) = "$drobo/$hostname";
# make sure the drobo subdirectory for this host exists
my($mkdircmd) = "$mkdir $drobodir";
if( $verbose ) {
print "$mkdircmd\n";
}
if( ! ($testmode || -d $drobodir) ) {
system($mkdircmd);
}
# if it did not work, bail.
if( ! ($testmode || -d $drobodir) ) {
print "Failed to create destination dir $drobodir\n";
exit 1;
}
# construct tarfile name, e.g. usr-local.tgz
my($backupfilestem) = $backuppath;
# Sanitize the tarfile name
while($backupfilestem =~ s,^/,,) { next; } # remove any leading slash(es)
while($backupfilestem =~ s,/$,,) { next; } # remove any trailing slash(es)
$backupfilestem =~ s,/,-,g; # all internal slashes become hyphens
$backupfilestem =~ s/[^-\.\w]/X/g;# all remaining non-word chars exc . become X
my($backupname)="$drobodir/$backupfilestem-new.tgz";
my($backuprename) = "$drobodir/$backupfilestem.tgz";
my($tarcmd) = "$tar -czf $backupname -C / $args $backup";
if( $cond ) {
$cond =~ s/^\[//; # remove the [ ] around condition
$cond =~ s/\]$//;
$cond =~ s/BKPATH/$backuppath/g; # convenience substitutions
$cond =~ s/TARFILE/$backuprename/g;
$cond =~ s/TARDIR/$drobodir/g;
}
if( $cond && WEXITSTATUS(system("test $cond")) != 0 ) {
if( $verbose ) {
print "Condition [$cond] tests false\n";
print "No backup of $backuppath\n";
}
}
else {
if( $verbose ) {
if( $cond ) {
print "Condition [$cond] tests true\n";
}
print "$tarcmd\n";
}
# tar returns 0 for success, 1 for warnings such as file changed while
# being copied. So we take either as meaning success. Rename foo-new.tgz
# to the (usually existing) foo.tgz. N.B. system() returns status<<8.
if( !$testmode ) {
if( WEXITSTATUS(system($tarcmd)) >= 2 ) {
print "\nBackup of $backuppath FAILED\n\n";
# to avoid bad backup being renamed to good in second try, call it bad
$backuprename = "$drobodir/$backupfilestem-FAILED.tgz";
}
if( rename("$backupname","$backuprename") ) {
print "Backed up $backuppath to $backuprename\n";
}
else {
print "Failed to rename $backupname to $backuprename: $!\n";
}
}
}
}
else {
print "$backuppath is not a directory or file\n";
}
}
# default arguments to use on every backup
my($tarargs)="--atime-preserve --one-file-system";
# set default drobopath according to dsm (lc) or cis (rh) network
my($drobopath)="/path"; #
if($hostname =~ /\.our\.domain\.edu/) {
$drobopath="/path"; #
}
# Process command line arguments
while(@ARGV) {
if( $ARGV[0] eq "-c" ) { # -c configfile
shift (@ARGV);
if(@ARGV) {
$configfile = $ARGV[0];
}
else {
Usage();
}
}
elsif( $ARGV[0] eq "-v" ) { # -v (verbose mode)
++$verbose;
}
elsif( $ARGV[0] eq "-n" ) { # -n (no-exec mode)
$testmode = 1;
}
else { # unrecognized argument
Usage();
}
shift (@ARGV);
}
open(CONFIGFILE,$configfile) || die("Cannot open configfile $configfile: $!");
if($verbose) {
print "Reading configfile $configfile\n";
}
my(@backup);
my(%condition);
my($configline) = 0;
foreach (<CONFIGFILE>) {
$configline++;
if( /^\s*#/ || /^\s*$/ ) { # skip blank & comment lines (first nonblank is #)
next;
}
# drobo=/path/to/drobo
if( /^\s*drobo\s*=\s*(.*)$/ ) {
$drobopath=$1;
}
# tarargs=global tar arguments
elsif( /^\s*tarargs\s*=\s*(.*)$/ ) {
$tarargs=$1;
}
# backup [condition] =/path/for/backup [tar args]
elsif( /^\s*backup\s*(\[[^\]]*\])?\s*=\s*(.*)$/ ) {
push(@backup,$2);
if( $1 ) {
$condition{$2} = $1;
}
}
else {
print "Unknown config directive at line $configline in $configfile:\n";
print;
exit 1;
}
}
close(CONFIGFILE);
my($path);
foreach $path (@backup) {
do_backup($drobopath,$tarargs,$path,$condition{$path});
}
# For unknown reason, rename of some files often fails. Try again here.
foreach $tarfile ( glob("$drobopath/$hostname/*-new.tgz") ) {
$rename_name = $tarfile;
$rename_name =~ s/-new\.tgz$/.tgz/;
if( rename($tarfile,$rename_name) ) {
print "Second try renamed $tarfile to $rename_name\n";
}
}
答案1
在 Perl 脚本中，文件名从带有 . 的文件中读取，foreach (<CONFIGFILE>)并添加到带有 . 的数组中push(@backup,$2);。对于 array( foreach $path (@backup)) 中的每一项，都会调用子例程do_backup()，文件名是参数$backup。正如您所指出的，这在设置 时保持不变$tarcmd。因此，解决方案是在该行之前编辑此变量：
$backup =~ s|/|| if $backup =~ m|^['"]?/|; # remove any leading slash
my($tarcmd) = "$tar -czf $backupname -C / $args $backup";
s|/||如果变量与模式匹配^['"]?/，即在开头，可能是引号或双引号，然后是斜杠，则这会将 ( ) 第一个斜杠替换为空。这是因为早期的代码假设此变量中给定的路径可能用引号引起来，例如为了保护空格。
但是，您只能执行此操作并添加-C /路径是否以斜杠开头，因此除非您确定是这种情况，否则您可能应该有 2 个版本，例如
my($tarcmd);
if($backup =~ m|^['"]?/|){
$backup =~ s|/||; # remove any leading slash
$tarcmd = "$tar -czf $backupname -C / $args $backup";
}else{
$tarcmd = "$tar -czf $backupname $args $backup";
}
答案2
你将不得不做类似的事情：
tar -czf backup.tar.gz -C / $(ls /)
即列出根目录中的所有文件和目录，不带前导斜杠。但这可能不是一件非常明智的事情，因为根目录包含您不想备份的各种条目，例如目录/proc、/dev目录等。