我在 Mac Mini 上运行 Xubuntu 18.04.2。由于内置 DVD-RW 驱动器坏了，我买了一个外置 USB CD-RW 和 DVD 读取驱动器。当我放入空白 CD-R 时，空白磁盘显示在桌面上。但我的刻录程序 Xfburn 无法识别驱动器或写入。附图显示了我的磁盘程序为驱动器显示的内容：
根据其他论坛中的类似帖子，我从命令提示符中获取了以下信息。有人知道如何激活设备的写入功能以便它可以刻录 CD 吗？（我知道此驱动器无法写入 DVD，正如信息所述。）谢谢！
msgeek@Navi2:~$ cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="18.04.2 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS"
VERSION_ID="18.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=bionic
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic
msgeek@Navi2:~$ cdrecord -prcap
wodim: Operation not permitted. Warning: Cannot raise RLIMIT_MEMLOCK limits.
Device was not specified. Trying to find an appropriate drive...
Detected CD-R drive: /dev/cdrw
Using /dev/cdrom of unknown capabilities
Device type : Removable CD-ROM
Version : 0
Response Format: 2
Capabilities :
Vendor_info : 'Optiarc '
Identification : 'CDRWDVD CRX890A '
Revision : 'PH03'
Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-ROM.
Drive capabilities, per MMC-3 page 2A:
Does read CD-R media
Does write CD-R media
Does read CD-RW media
Does write CD-RW media
Does read DVD-ROM media
Does read DVD-R media
Does not write DVD-R media
Does read DVD-RAM media
Does not write DVD-RAM media
Does support test writing
Does read Mode 2 Form 1 blocks
Does read Mode 2 Form 2 blocks
Does read digital audio blocks
Does restart non-streamed digital audio reads accurately
Does support Buffer-Underrun-Free recording
Does read multi-session CDs
Does read fixed-packet CD media using Method 2
Does not read CD bar code
Does read R-W subcode information
Does not return R-W subcode de-interleaved and error-corrected
Does read raw P-W subcode data from lead in
Does return CD media catalog number
Does return CD ISRC information
Does support C2 error pointers
Does not deliver composite A/V data
Does play audio CDs
Number of volume control levels: 256
Does support individual volume control setting for each channel
Does support independent mute setting for each channel
Does not support digital output on port 1
Does not support digital output on port 2
Loading mechanism type: tray
Does support ejection of CD via START/STOP command
Does not lock media on power up via prevent jumper
Does allow media to be locked in the drive via PREVENT/ALLOW command
Is not currently in a media-locked state
Does not support changing side of disk
Does not have load-empty-slot-in-changer feature
Does not support Individual Disk Present feature
Maximum read speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
Current read speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
Maximum write speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
Current write speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
Rotational control selected: CLV/PCAV
Buffer size in KB: 2048
Copy management revision supported: 1
Number of supported write speeds: 4
Write speed # 0: 4234 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
Write speed # 1: 3528 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 20x, DVD 2x)
Write speed # 2: 2822 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 16x, DVD 2x)
Write speed # 3: 1764 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 10x, DVD 1x)
Supported CD-RW media types according to MMC-4 feature 0x37:
Does write multi speed CD-RW media
Does write high speed CD-RW media
Does write ultra high speed CD-RW media
Does write ultra high speed+ CD-RW media
msgeek@Navi2:~$ inxi -d
Drives: HDD Total Size: 532.3GB (38.9% used)
ID-1: /dev/sda model: TOSHIBA_MQ01ABF0 size: 500.1GB
ID-2: USB /dev/sdb model: v150w size: 32.2GB
Optical-1: /dev/sr0 model: N/A dev-links: cdrom,cdrw,dvd
Features: speed: 24x multisession: yes
audio: yes dvd: yes rw: cd-r,cd-rw
------2019年7月13日更新：
操作 Xfburn 的用户需要对刻录机的设备文件（此处为 /dev/sr0）具有有效的读写权限。您的屏幕截图显示“只读”。驱动器必须能够识别介质。您的屏幕截图显示“介质 --”。Xfburn 使用 libburn，而不是 cdrecord。插入空白介质后，对 libburn 程序的检查建议：cdrskin -v dev=/dev/sr0 -toc 请发布结果。– Thomas Schmitt 昨天
我尝试运行 cdrskin，并收到以下消息：未找到命令“cdrskin”，但可以使用以下命令安装：
sudo apt install cdrskin
我照做了。它安装了 cdrskin。磁盘程序仍然显示 /dev/sr0（只读）。然后我做了：
msgeek@Navi2:~$ cdrskin -v dev=/dev/sr0 -toc
cdrskin 1.4.8 : limited cdrecord compatibility wrapper for libburn
cdrskin: verbosity level : 1
cdrskin: NOTE : greying out all drives besides given dev='/dev/sr0'
cdrskin: scanning for devices ...
cdrskin: ... scanning for devices done
cdrskin: pseudo-atip on drive 0
cdrskin: status 1 burn_disc_blank "The drive holds a blank disc"
scsidev: '4,0,0'
Device type : Removable CD-ROM
Vendor_info : 'Optiarc'
Identifikation : 'CDRWDVD CRX890A'
Revision : 'PH03'
Drive id : '30651360 1599125 '
Driver flags : BURNFREE
Supported modes: TAO SAO
cdrskin: burn_drive_get_write_speed = 4234 (24.0x)
Current: CD-R
Profile: 0x0010 (DVD-ROM)
Profile: 0x0008 (CD-ROM)
Profile: 0x0009 (CD-R) (current)
Profile: 0x000A (CD-RW)
ATIP info from disk:
Is not erasable
ATIP start of lead in: -11634 (97:26/66)
ATIP start of lead out: 359846 (79:59/71)
1T speed low: 10 1T speed high: 24
Product Id: 97m26s66f/79m59s71f
Producer: CMC Magnetics Corporation
Manufacturer: CMC Magnetics Corporation
Media summary: 0 sessions, 0 tracks, blank CD-R
请编辑您的问题并添加命令组的输出。您的帐户中可能缺少 cdrom 组。– Terrance 昨天
我这样做了，得到了这个结果：msgeek adm dialout fax cdrom floppy tape sudo audio dip video plugdev netdev lpadmin scanner pulse pulse-access sambashare
所以，我没有 cdrom 组。我该如何添加它？同时...
ls -l /dev/sr0、getfacl /dev/sr0 和 whoami 的输出将进一步帮助澄清权限情况。 – Thomas Schmitt 昨天
msgeek@Navi2:~$ ls -l /dev/sr0, of getfacl /dev/sr0
ls: cannot access '/dev/sr0,': No such file or directory
ls: cannot access 'of': No such file or directory
ls: cannot access 'getfacl': No such file or directory
brw-rw----+ 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Jul 13 21:27 /dev/sr0
whoami gives the result msgeek - the person who set up the computer for me.
我对 Linux 还很陌生，所以希望您能提供一些建议，告诉我下一步该怎么做。提前谢谢您！
------2019 年 7 月 15 日更新：权限情况看起来不错。（“of” 表示文本“或”，而“getfacl”是获取 ACL 的命令。无论如何，组“cdrom”的成员身份授予您以读写方式打开驱动器的权限。）cdrskin 愿意刻录 CD-R。Xfburn 也应该如此。如果您选择操作“刻录映像”，会发生什么？菜单窗口是否在“刻录设备”下显示刻录机的名称？（“Optiarc CDRWDVD CRX890A”）如果是，那么您只是对“组合”操作的显示产生了误解。如果没有，那么我就没有主意了。– Thomas Schmitt 昨天
我明白。我也会打错字。好吧，因为我没有组光盘没有人告诉我如何创建它或安装它，我需要更多信息。
所以我这样做了： msgeek@Navi2:~$ getfacl /dev/sr0 getfacl: 从绝对路径名中删除前导 '/' # file: dev/sr0 # Owner: root # group: cdrom user::rw- user:msgeek:rw- group::rw- mask::rw- other::--- 所以这个命令表明我确实拥有该组光盘在我的系统上。所以我再次运行命令组，然后我得到了...
msgeek adm dialout fax cdrom floppy tape sudo audio dip video plugdev netdev lpadmin scanner pulse pulse-access sambashare
所以现在我有光盘在我的组中。磁盘显示仍然显示没有写入能力。我回去运行：
msgeek@Navi2:~$ getfacl /dev/sr0
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: dev/sr0
# owner: root
# group: cdrom
user::rw-
user:msgeek:rw-
group::rw-
mask::rw-
other::---
一清二楚。运行命令cdrskin -v dev=/dev/sr0 -toc 提供相同的结果。我在命令中输入刻录图像并得到这个：
msgeek@Navi2:~$ burn image
Command 'burn' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install burn
所以我继续安装它。现在我尝试命令刻录图像和...
msgeek@Navi2:~$ burn image
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/burnlib/burn.py", line 42, in <module>
import audio
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/burnlib/audio.py", line 28, in <module>
import eyeD3
ImportError: No module named eyeD3
因此，我运行磁盘程序，它显示的内容略有不同，但仍然显示磁盘“只读”。
谢谢你的帮助，托马斯。虽然可能已经取得了一些进展，但我还是一如既往地困惑。（我不知道这些安装对我的系统做了什么，但它似乎仍然在工作。）如果您或这里的其他帮助者能提供任何其他建议，我将不胜感激。我发誓，如果你有动力写的话，我会给你我的酸奶油咖啡蛋糕食谱！
答案1
好的，我买了另一个外置 USB/DVD 刻录机。我发现有时 xfburn 偶尔会工作，但 Brasero 似乎更可靠。感谢您在这方面的帮助，请尝试蛋糕食谱。