这是我在 Raspberry Pi 4(Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 映像)上的分区布局
root@jk4:/home/ubuntu# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 3.7T 0 disk
└─sda1 8:1 0 3.7T 0 part
mmcblk0 179:0 0 29.1G 0 disk
├─mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 256M 0 part /boot/firmware
└─mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 28.9G 0 part /
我想知道/boot/firmware
是什么?它是 Raspberry 独有的吗?
在维基百科中我仅找到/boot
,这也是我多年前从书本上学到的。
root@jk4:/home/ubuntu# ls -al /boot/firmware
total 99020
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 1 1970 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jul 4 05:29 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 26247 Jul 4 05:29 bcm2710-rpi-2-b.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 26247 Jul 4 05:28 bcm2710-rpi-2-b.dtb.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 27288 Jul 4 05:29 bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 27288 Jul 4 05:28 bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 27907 Jul 4 05:29 bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 27907 Jul 4 05:28 bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 26102 Jul 4 05:29 bcm2710-rpi-cm3.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 26102 Jul 4 05:28 bcm2710-rpi-cm3.dtb.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 46368 Jul 4 05:29 bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 46368 Jul 4 05:28 bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19924 Jul 4 05:29 bcm2837-rpi-3-a-plus.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19924 Jul 4 05:28 bcm2837-rpi-3-a-plus.dtb.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 20373 Jul 4 05:29 bcm2837-rpi-3-b.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 20373 Jul 4 05:28 bcm2837-rpi-3-b.dtb.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 20793 Jul 4 05:29 bcm2837-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 20793 Jul 4 05:28 bcm2837-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19700 Jul 4 05:29 bcm2837-rpi-cm3-io3.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19700 Jul 4 05:28 bcm2837-rpi-cm3-io3.dtb.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 52304 Apr 23 15:12 bootcode.bin
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2603 Jul 4 05:29 boot.scr
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2603 Jul 4 05:28 boot.scr.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 141 Apr 23 15:12 cmdline.txt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1117 Apr 23 15:12 config.txt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3112 Apr 23 15:12 fixup4cd.dat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6200 Apr 23 15:12 fixup4.dat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9192 Apr 23 15:12 fixup4db.dat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9192 Apr 23 15:12 fixup4x.dat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2656 Apr 23 15:12 fixup_cd.dat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6745 Apr 23 15:12 fixup.dat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9817 Apr 23 15:12 fixup_db.dat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9819 Apr 23 15:12 fixup_x.dat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 29527996 Jul 4 05:29 initrd.img
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 29528551 Jul 4 05:28 initrd.img.bak
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 240 Apr 23 15:12 meta-data
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 770 Apr 23 15:12 network-config
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1371 Jul 4 05:29 overlay_map.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1371 Jul 4 05:28 overlay_map.dtb.bak
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 34816 Jul 4 05:29 overlays
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1514 Apr 23 15:12 README
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 784316 Apr 23 15:12 start4cd.elf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4593508 Apr 23 15:12 start4db.elf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2784800 Apr 23 15:12 start4.elf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3546468 Apr 23 15:12 start4x.elf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 690884 Apr 23 15:12 start_cd.elf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4859912 Apr 23 15:12 start_db.elf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2883204 Apr 23 15:12 start.elf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3797384 Apr 23 15:12 start_x.elf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 327 Apr 23 15:12 syscfg.txt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 493528 Apr 23 15:12 uboot_rpi_3.bin
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 492824 Apr 23 15:12 uboot_rpi_4.bin
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 200 Apr 23 15:12 usercfg.txt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2114 Apr 23 15:12 user-data
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8381742 Jul 4 05:29 vmlinuz
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8381742 Jul 4 05:28 vmlinuz.bak
我识别出一些文件,例如 Linux 内核。bcm*
看起来像是 Broadcom 的东西。请提供详细信息。
答案1
它是 Raspberry 独有的吗?
是的。有点。这些文件对我来说更重要,并且确实用于 PI 安装。/boot/firmware
不是默认的 Linux 目录。
关于内容:请参阅树莓派关于“boot”的话题:
start.elf、start_x.elf、start_db.elf、start_cd.elf、start4.elf、start4x.elf、start4cd.elf、start4db.elf
这些是加载到 SoC 中的 VideoCore 上的二进制 blob(固件),然后接管启动过程。start.elf 是基本固件,
start_x.elf
包括摄像头驱动程序和编解码器,start_db.elf 是固件的调试版本,并且start_cd.elf
是精简版,不支持编解码器和 3D 等硬件块,并gpu_mem=16
在 config.txt 中指定时使用。有关如何使用它们的更多信息,请参阅 config.txt 部分。start4.elf、start4x.elf、start4cd.elf 和 start4db.elf 是 Pi 4 特定的固件文件。
还列出了一些其他文件。