我正在尝试在 Ubuntu 20.04 中安装打印机 Canon LBP2900。
佳能有适用于以下打印机的 Linux 驱动程序：他们的主页我成功安装了它们。但它们无法开箱即用。我找到了很多资料，说驱动程序依赖于一些 32 位软件包，必须手动安装才能使其工作（该解决方案似乎适用于较旧的 Ubuntu 版本 16.04 和 18.04）。但在 20.04 中它不起作用：
尝试安装 20.04 中的软件包：
$ sudo apt-get -y install libatk1.0-0:i386 libcairo2:i386 libgtk2.0-0:i386 libpango1.0-0:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libpopt0:i386 libxml2:i386 libc6:i386
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'libpango-1.0-0:i386' instead of 'libpango1.0-0:i386'
libc6:i386 is already the newest version (2.31-0ubuntu9).
libpopt0:i386 is already the newest version (1.16-14).
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libatk1.0-0:i386 : Depends: libglib2.0-0:i386 (>= 2.55.2) but it is not going to be installed
libcairo2:i386 : Depends: libfontconfig1:i386 (>= 2.12.6) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libfreetype6:i386 (>= 2.9.1) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libpng16-16:i386 (>= 1.6.2-1) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: zlib1g:i386 (>= 1:1.1.4) but it is not going to be installed
libgtk2.0-0:i386 : Depends: libcups2:i386 (>= 2.3~b6) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libfontconfig1:i386 (>= 2.12.6) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:i386 (>= 2.22.1) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libglib2.0-0:i386 (>= 2.41.1) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libpangocairo-1.0-0:i386 (>= 1.28.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libpangoft2-1.0-0:i386 (>= 1.28.3) but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libgail-common:i386 but it is not going to be installed
libpango-1.0-0:i386 : Depends: libglib2.0-0:i386 (>= 2.59.2) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libharfbuzz0b:i386 (>= 2.1.1) but it is not going to be installed
libxml2:i386 : Depends: liblzma5:i386 (>= 5.1.1alpha+20120614) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: zlib1g:i386 (>= 1:1.2.3.3) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
归根结底，Ubuntu 拒绝安装是有充分理由的：
$ sudo apt install zlib1g:i386
... LONG LIST OF PACKAGES INSTALLED AND REMOVED ...
WARNING: The following essential packages will be removed.
This should NOT be done unless you know exactly what you are doing!
apt adduser (due to apt) gpgv (due to apt) libapt-pkg6.0 (due to apt) dash
dpkg (due to dash) debconf (due to dash) zlib1g (due to dpkg) grep
install-info (due to grep) gzip init systemd-sysv (due to init)
init-system-helpers (due to init) perl-base (due to init-system-helpers)
login libpam0g (due to login) libpam-runtime (due to login)
libpam-modules (due to login) mount util-linux (due to mount) sysvinit-utils
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 1109 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
我当然不会，因为我很清楚它会做什么；-)
$ sudo apt-cache policy zlib1g zlib1g:i386
zlib1g:
Installiert: 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.1
Installationskandidat: 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.1
Versionstabelle:
*** 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.1 100
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1 500
500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
zlib1g:i386:
Installiert: (keine)
Installationskandidat: 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1
Versionstabelle:
1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1 500
500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main i386 Packages
- 我怎样才能安装这些依赖项？
- 有替代品吗？