我最近在一些新硬件上安装了服务器 21.04。我在家里使用它，主要用于一些开发实验。
我不明白系统启动时发生的所有事情，但它花费的时间比我预期的要长得多。当我启动启动顺序时，我注意到一条消息比其他消息花费的时间要长得多：
Host and Network Name Lookups
下一行接着：
A start job is running for Wait for Network to be Configured
我猜这意味着服务器正在等待分配网络地址？这应该由我的 ISP 提供的调制解调器/wifi 盒来处理？它似乎可以毫无问题地处理所有其他有线和无线连接。
这是 ifconfig 的输出：
enp40s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.27 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet6 2a01:110f:1333:8500:2ef0:5dff:fe9d:f549 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
inet6 fe80::2ef0:5dff:fe9d:f549 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 2c:f0:5d:9d:f5:49 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 20947 bytes 28975249 (28.9 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 200 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 9869 bytes 738607 (738.6 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
我无法详细阅读，但看起来还行？已授予 IP4 和 IP6 地址，我可以通过 IP4 地址或名称通过 SSH 连接到服务器。
这是 systemd-analyze 的输出：
Startup finished in 16.290s (firmware) + 5.242s (loader) + 4.306s (kernel) + 2min 3.331s (userspace) = 2min 29.171s
graphical.target reached after 2min 3.111s in userspace
我想对于大多数系统来说，这在用户空间中太长了？
您能提出导致等待时间过长的原因吗？我该如何进一步调查？
如果这是由于等待分配名称和地址而导致的，我可以在 .conf 文件中手动指定这些地址吗？如果我在 DHCP 服务器上保留该地址，那应该不会造成任何进一步的问题，对吗？
编辑：这是输出cat /etc/netplan/*.yaml（该目录中只有一个文件）：
# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
ethernets:
enp40s0:
dhcp4: true
enp42s0:
dhcp4: true
version: 2
这是的输出sudo lshw -C network：
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:28:00.0
logical name: enp40s0
version: 15
serial: 2c:f0:5d:9d:f5:49
size: 1Gbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=5.11.0-16-generic duplex=full firmware=rtl8168h-2_0.0.2 02/26/15 ip=192.168.1.27 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=1Gbit/s
resources: irq:37 ioport:e000(size=256) memory:fc604000-fc604fff memory:fc600000-fc603fff
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: RTL8125 2.5GbE Controller
vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:2a:00.0
logical name: enp42s0
version: 04
serial: 2c:f0:5d:9d:f5:48
capacity: 1Gbit/s
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=5.11.0-16-generic firmware=rtl8125b-2_0.0.2 07/13/20 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair
resources: irq:40 ioport:d000(size=256) memory:fc500000-fc50ffff memory:fc510000-fc513fff
*-network:0
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 1
logical name: cali43ea770e11b
serial: ee:ee:ee:ee:ee:ee
size: 10Gbit/s
capabilities: ethernet physical
configuration: autonegotiation=off broadcast=yes driver=veth driverversion=1.0 duplex=full link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=10Gbit/s
*-network:1
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 2
logical name: vxlan.calico
serial: 66:9b:20:93:4e:ac
size: 1Gbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
capabilities: ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=vxlan driverversion=0.1 duplex=full ip=10.1.50.0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=1Gbit/s
该目录/etc/network/interfaces是空的。
答案1
试试这个 .yaml... 保持与我所拥有的完全一致... 相同的缩进、间距，没有制表符...
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
enp40s0:
dhcp4: true
optional: true
enp42s0:
dhcp4: true
optional: true
sudo netplan generate
sudo netplan apply
reboot