我最近购买了一台安装了 Windows 10 家庭版的联想 Legion 5 15ACH6 笔记本电脑。它的 CPU 是 AMD Ryzen 7 5800H，集成 Radeon 显卡，系统内存为 16 GB，GPU 是 Nvidia GeForce RTX 3050（视频内存：4 GB，GDDR6）。在 BIOS 菜单中，我已禁用安全启动选项，并将图形设备设置为默认选项“动态图形”（其他可用选项是“独立显卡”）。我使用 GNU GRUB 菜单中提供的“安全图形”选项在系统上双启动安装了 Ubuntu 20.04。我成功安装了 Ubuntu，但它没有使用 Nvidia 显卡，而是使用了集成的 Radeon 显卡。我尝试在线寻找问题的解决方案，但找不到具体的答案。我对如何继续纠正这个问题有点困惑，希望得到一些帮助。以下是我根据网上的信息尝试的一些命令：
$ dkms status
$
从上述命令未观察到任何输出。
$ nvidia-smi
NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make
sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.
$ nvidia-settings; lspi -V | grep VGA
ERROR: NVIDIA driver is not loaded
ERROR: Unable to load info from any available system
(nvidia-settings:16830): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: 14:19:56.983: g_object_unref:
assertion 'G_IS_OBJECT (object)' failed
** Message: 14:19:56.988: PRIME: No offloading required. Abort
** Message: 14:19:56.988: PRIME: is it supported? no
上述命令还会打开一个名为“NVIDIA X 服务器设置”的空白对话框
$ dpkg -l | grep -i nvidia
ii libnvidia-cfg1-470:amd64 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX configuration library
ii libnvidia-common-470 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 all Shared files used by the NVIDIA libraries
ii libnvidia-compute-470:amd64 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-compute-470:i386 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-decode-470:amd64 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-decode-470:i386 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-encode-470:amd64 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-encode-470:i386 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-extra-470:amd64 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Extra libraries for the NVIDIA driver
ii libnvidia-fbc1-470:amd64 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-gl-470:amd64 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-gl-470:i386 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-ifr1-470:amd64 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii linux-modules-nvidia-470-5.11.0-27-generic 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel nvidia modules for version 5.11.0-27
ii linux-modules-nvidia-470-generic-hwe-20.04 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Extra drivers for nvidia-470 for the generic-hwe-20.04 flavour
ii linux-objects-nvidia-470-5.11.0-27-generic 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel nvidia modules for version 5.11.0-27 (objects)
rc linux-objects-nvidia-470-5.11.0-37-generic 5.11.0-37.41~20.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel nvidia modules for version 5.11.0-37 (objects)
ii linux-objects-nvidia-470-5.11.0-38-generic 5.11.0-38.42~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel nvidia modules for version 5.11.0-38 (objects)
ii linux-objects-nvidia-470-5.11.0-40-generic 5.11.0-40.44~20.04.2+1 amd64 Linux kernel nvidia modules for version 5.11.0-40 (objects)
ii linux-signatures-nvidia-5.11.0-27-generic 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel signatures for nvidia modules for version 5.11.0-27-generic
ii linux-signatures-nvidia-5.11.0-38-generic 5.11.0-38.42~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel signatures for nvidia modules for version 5.11.0-38-generic
ii linux-signatures-nvidia-5.11.0-40-generic 5.11.0-40.44~20.04.2+1 amd64 Linux kernel signatures for nvidia modules for version 5.11.0-40-generic
ii nvidia-compute-utils-470 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA compute utilities
ii nvidia-kernel-common-470 470.57.02-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Shared files used with the kernel module
ii nvidia-kernel-source-470 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA kernel source package
ii nvidia-prime 0.8.16~0.20.04.1 all Tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime
ii nvidia-settings 470.57.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 amd64 Tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
ii nvidia-utils-470 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA driver support binaries
ii screen-resolution-extra 0.18build1 all Extension for the nvidia-settings control panel
ii xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-470 470.86-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA binary Xorg driver
$ uname -r
5.11.0-41-generic
$ apt list --installed | grep 'linux-headers'
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.
linux-headers-5.11.0-27-generic/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
linux-headers-5.11.0-38-generic/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0-38.42~20.04.1 amd64 [installed,auto-removable]
linux-headers-5.11.0-40-generic/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0-40.44~20.04.2 amd64 [installed]
linux-headers-5.11.0-41-generic/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0-41.45~20.04.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
linux-headers-generic-hwe-20.04/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0.41.45~20.04.19 amd64 [installed,automatic]
$ apt list --installed | grep 'linux-image'
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.
linux-image-5.11.0-27-generic/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
linux-image-5.11.0-38-generic/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0-38.42~20.04.1 amd64 [installed,auto-removable]
linux-image-5.11.0-40-generic/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0-40.44~20.04.2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
linux-image-5.11.0-41-generic/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0-41.45~20.04.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04/focal-updates,focal-security,now 5.11.0.41.45~20.04.19 amd64 [installed,automatic]
$ grep nvidia /etc/modprobe.d/*
/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-framebuffer.conf:blacklist nvidiafb
$ grep nvidia /lib/modprobe.d/*
$
上述命令没有提供输出。
$ lspci | grep VGA
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 25e2 (rev a1)
05:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Device 1638 (rev c5)
当我去软件和更新->附加驱动程序，选项X.org X 服务器——Nouveau已选定。