我是 Ubuntu 桌面的新手，也是第一次尝试 Cinnamon，但每次连接到桌面时，都会收到一条警告，提示我应该检查视频驱动程序，因为我运行时没有硬件加速。
我的 GPU 是使用 nvidia-driver-520-open 驱动程序的 Nvidia 2080 Ti。我的 CPU 是没有集成显卡的 Ryzen 5600。我使用 xrdp 通过 LAN 远程连接到此系统。计算机已插入显示器，但我打算大多数时候不带显示器使用。
我尝试了所有能找到的解决方案来解决这个问题，但没有任何效果。我的软件包和内核都报告为最新。
我尝试将以下内容添加到/etc/模块并且 UEFI 被禁用：
# /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time.
#
# This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded
# at boot time, one per line. Lines beginning with "#" are ignored.
nvidia
nvidia-drm
nvidia-modeset
> nvidia-smi
Mon Nov 21 01:54:50 2022
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 520.56.06 Driver Version: 520.56.06 CUDA Version: 11.8 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
| | | MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 NVIDIA GeForce ... Off | 00000000:07:00.0 Off | N/A |
| 41% 25C P8 1W / 260W | 15MiB / 11264MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: |
| GPU GI CI PID Type Process name GPU Memory |
| ID ID Usage |
|=============================================================================|
| 0 N/A N/A 1968 G /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg 9MiB |
| 0 N/A N/A 2243 G /usr/bin/gnome-shell 4MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
> glxinfo | grep "direct rendering"
direct rendering: Yes
>nvidia-smi -a
==============NVSMI LOG==============
Timestamp : Mon Nov 21 02:11:30 2022
Driver Version : 520.56.06
CUDA Version : 11.8
Attached GPUs : 1
GPU 00000000:07:00.0
Product Name : NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti
Product Brand : GeForce
Product Architecture : Turing
Display Mode : Disabled
Display Active : Disabled
Persistence Mode : Disabled
MIG Mode
Current : N/A
Pending : N/A
Accounting Mode : Disabled
Accounting Mode Buffer Size : 4000
Driver Model
Current : N/A
Pending : N/A
Serial Number : 0323918078423
GPU UUID : GPU-0d31d5e5-a0a2-7e48-1d70-7ac852c728bc
Minor Number : 0
VBIOS Version : 90.02.0B.00.0E
MultiGPU Board : No
Board ID : 0x700
GPU Part Number : 900-1G150-2530-000
Module ID : 0
Inforom Version
Image Version : G001.0000.02.04
OEM Object : 1.1
ECC Object : N/A
Power Management Object : N/A
GPU Operation Mode
Current : N/A
Pending : N/A
GSP Firmware Version : N/A
GPU Virtualization Mode
Virtualization Mode : None
Host VGPU Mode : N/A
IBMNPU
Relaxed Ordering Mode : N/A
PCI
Bus : 0x07
Device : 0x00
Domain : 0x0000
Device Id : 0x1E0710DE
Bus Id : 00000000:07:00.0
Sub System Id : 0x12A410DE
GPU Link Info
PCIe Generation
Max : 3
Current : 1
Link Width
Max : 16x
Current : 16x
Bridge Chip
Type : N/A
Firmware : N/A
Replays Since Reset : 0
Replay Number Rollovers : 0
Tx Throughput : 0 KB/s
Rx Throughput : 0 KB/s
Fan Speed : 41 %
Performance State : P8
Clocks Throttle Reasons
Idle : Active
Applications Clocks Setting : Not Active
SW Power Cap : Not Active
HW Slowdown : Not Active
HW Thermal Slowdown : Not Active
HW Power Brake Slowdown : Not Active
Sync Boost : Not Active
SW Thermal Slowdown : Not Active
Display Clock Setting : Not Active
FB Memory Usage
Total : 11264 MiB
Reserved : 244 MiB
Used : 17 MiB
Free : 11002 MiB
BAR1 Memory Usage
Total : 256 MiB
Used : 4 MiB
Free : 252 MiB
Compute Mode : Default
Utilization
Gpu : 0 %
Memory : 0 %
Encoder : 0 %
Decoder : 0 %
Encoder Stats
Active Sessions : 0
Average FPS : 0
Average Latency : 0
FBC Stats
Active Sessions : 0
Average FPS : 0
Average Latency : 0
Ecc Mode
Current : N/A
Pending : N/A
ECC Errors
Volatile
SRAM Correctable : N/A
SRAM Uncorrectable : N/A
DRAM Correctable : N/A
DRAM Uncorrectable : N/A
Aggregate
SRAM Correctable : N/A
SRAM Uncorrectable : N/A
DRAM Correctable : N/A
DRAM Uncorrectable : N/A
Retired Pages
Single Bit ECC : N/A
Double Bit ECC : N/A
Pending Page Blacklist : N/A
Remapped Rows : N/A
Temperature
GPU Current Temp : 22 C
GPU Shutdown Temp : 94 C
GPU Slowdown Temp : 91 C
GPU Max Operating Temp : 89 C
GPU Target Temperature : 84 C
Memory Current Temp : N/A
Memory Max Operating Temp : N/A
Power Readings
Power Management : Supported
Power Draw : 1.11 W
Power Limit : 260.00 W
Default Power Limit : 260.00 W
Enforced Power Limit : 260.00 W
Min Power Limit : 100.00 W
Max Power Limit : 320.00 W
Clocks
Graphics : 300 MHz
SM : 300 MHz
Memory : 405 MHz
Video : 540 MHz
Applications Clocks
Graphics : N/A
Memory : N/A
Default Applications Clocks
Graphics : N/A
Memory : N/A
Max Clocks
Graphics : 2160 MHz
SM : 2160 MHz
Memory : 7000 MHz
Video : 1950 MHz
Max Customer Boost Clocks
Graphics : N/A
Clock Policy
Auto Boost : N/A
Auto Boost Default : N/A
Voltage
Graphics : N/A
Processes
GPU instance ID : N/A
Compute instance ID : N/A
Process ID : 1968
Type : G
Name : /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg
Used GPU Memory : 9 MiB
GPU instance ID : N/A
Compute instance ID : N/A
Process ID : 2243
Type : G
Name : /usr/bin/gnome-shell
Used GPU Memory : 4 MiB
>inxi -Fxxxz
System:
Kernel: 5.15.0-53-generic x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 11.2.0
Desktop: Cinnamon 5.2.7 tk: GTK 3.24.33 wm: gnome-shell dm: GDM3 42.0
Distro: Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)
Machine:
Type: Desktop System: ASUS product: N/A v: N/A serial: <superuser required>
Mobo: ASUSTeK model: PRIME B550-PLUS v: Rev X.0x
serial: <superuser required> UEFI: American Megatrends v: 2803
date: 04/27/2022
CPU:
Info: 6-core model: AMD Ryzen 5 5600 bits: 64 type: MT MCP smt: enabled
arch: Zen 3 rev: 2 cache: L1: 384 KiB L2: 3 MiB L3: 32 MiB
Speed (MHz): avg: 3697 high: 4450 min/max: 2200/4467 boost: enabled
cores: 1: 4126 2: 3554 3: 3471 4: 3560 5: 3552 6: 4450 7: 3581 8: 3467
9: 3559 10: 3569 11: 3556 12: 3921 bogomips: 83996
Flags: avx avx2 ht lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 sse4a ssse3 svm
Graphics:
Device-1: NVIDIA TU102 [GeForce RTX 2080 Ti Rev. A] driver: nvidia
v: 520.56.06 pcie: speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 16 ports: active: none
empty: DP-1, DP-2, DP-3, HDMI-A-1, Unknown-1 bus-ID: 07:00.0
chip-ID: 10de:1e07 class-ID: 0300
Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.21.1.3 compositor: gnome-shell driver: X:
loaded: nouveau unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,vesa gpu: nvidia
display-ID: :10.0 screens: 1
Screen-1: 0 s-res: 3440x1440 s-dpi: 96 s-size: 910x381mm (35.8x15.0")
s-diag: 987mm (38.8")
Monitor-1: rdp0 res: 3440x1440 hz: 50 size: N/A
OpenGL: renderer: llvmpipe (LLVM 13.0.1 256 bits) v: 4.5 Mesa 22.0.5
direct render: Yes
Audio:
Device-1: NVIDIA TU102 High Definition Audio driver: snd_hda_intel
v: kernel pcie: speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 16 bus-ID: 07:00.1
chip-ID: 10de:10f7 class-ID: 0403
Device-2: AMD Starship/Matisse HD Audio vendor: ASUSTeK
driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel pcie: speed: 16 GT/s lanes: 16
bus-ID: 09:00.4 chip-ID: 1022:1487 class-ID: 0403
Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.15.0-53-generic running: yes
Sound Server-2: PulseAudio v: 15.99.1 running: yes
Sound Server-3: PipeWire v: 0.3.48 running: yes
Network:
Device-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet
vendor: ASUSTeK PRIME B450M-A driver: r8169 v: kernel pcie: speed: 2.5 GT/s
lanes: 1 port: f000 bus-ID: 06:00.0 chip-ID: 10ec:8168 class-ID: 0200
IF: enp6s0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: <filter>
Drives:
Local Storage: total: 15.46 TiB used: 2.42 TiB (15.7%)
ID-1: /dev/nvme0n1 vendor: Western Digital model: WD Blue SN570 1TB
size: 931.51 GiB speed: 31.6 Gb/s lanes: 4 type: SSD serial: <filter>
rev: 234100WD temp: 27.9 C scheme: GPT
ID-2: /dev/sda vendor: Western Digital model: WD80EAZZ-00BKLB0
size: 7.28 TiB speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 5640 serial: <filter>
rev: 0A80 scheme: GPT
ID-3: /dev/sdb vendor: Western Digital model: WD80EAZZ-00BKLB0
size: 7.28 TiB speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 5640 serial: <filter>
rev: 0A80 scheme: GPT
Partition:
ID-1: / size: 915.32 GiB used: 168.76 GiB (18.4%) fs: ext4
dev: /dev/nvme0n1p2
ID-2: /boot/efi size: 511 MiB used: 11.3 MiB (2.2%) fs: vfat
dev: /dev/nvme0n1p1
Swap:
ID-1: swap-1 type: file size: 2 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) priority: -2
file: /swapfile
Sensors:
Message: No sensor data found. Is lm-sensors configured?
Info:
Processes: 417 Uptime: 25m wakeups: 1 Memory: 62.72 GiB
used: 3.63 GiB (5.8%) Init: systemd v: 249 runlevel: 5 Compilers:
gcc: 11.3.0 alt: 11 Packages: 2407 apt: 2374 snap: 33 Shell: Bash v: 5.1.16
running-in: gnome-terminal inxi: 3.3.13
答案1
您的 nvidia 驱动程序不起作用：
Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.21.1.3
compositor: gnome-shell driver: X:
loaded: nouveau unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,vesa gpu: nvidia`. Try to switch
因此您可能需要一个 XorgConf（假设您正在运行 XServer 而不是 wayland），如下所示：
Section "Device"
Identifier "nvidia"
Driver "nvidia"
BusID "PCI:07:00.0"
EndSection