lucy@robus ~ systemd-analyze blame
1min 12.928s plymouth-quit-wait.service
37.843s apport-autoreport.service
31.695s snapd.service
23.725s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
20.722s udisks2.service
19.978s networkd-dispatcher.service
17.886s accounts-daemon.service
15.202s apt-daily.service
15.046s gpu-manager.service
13.776s dev-sda7.device
13.351s ModemManager.service
12.504s dev-loop34.device
12.238s dev-loop35.device
12.238s dev-loop14.device
11.545s dev-loop19.device
11.472s dev-loop16.device
11.470s dev-loop26.device
11.469s dev-loop30.device
11.466s dev-loop27.device
11.446s dev-loop28.device
11.338s dev-loop33.device
11.133s dev-loop20.device
11.128s dev-loop23.device
11.124s dev-loop31.device
10.801s polkit.service
10.315s avahi-daemon.service
10.205s power-profiles-daemon.service
10.147s dev-loop29.device
10.147s dev-loop29.device
10.112s bluetooth.service
10.061s dev-loop18.device
9.933s NetworkManager.service
9.683s dev-loop21.device
9.626s dev-loop24.device
9.190s dev-loop25.device
9.142s dev-loop15.device
8.891s dev-loop17.device
8.805s dev-loop9.device
8.645s switcheroo-control.service
8.620s thermald.service
8.618s systemd-logind.service
8.615s dev-loop13.device
8.542s dev-loop12.device
8.497s wpa_supplicant.service
8.175s cups.service
8.171s dev-loop32.device
8.009s systemd-rfkill.service
7.702s dev-loop22.device
7.448s dev-loop10.device
7.069s dev-loop4.device
6.903s update-notifier-download.service
6.848s dev-loop8.device
6.683s dev-loop2.device
6.399s dev-loop3.device
5.924s dev-loop11.device
5.557s gdm.service
5.115s dev-loop5.device
3.894s dev-loop6.device
3.780s resolvconf-pull-resolved.service
3.737s secureboot-db.service
3.637s dev-loop7.device
3.637s apport.service
3.463s dev-loop1.device
3.399s rsyslog.service
3.301s preload.service
2.943s grub-common.service
2.734s dev-loop0.device
2.706s ondemand.service
2.545s apparmor.service
2.426s systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-AA35\x2d4CC2.service
2.407s snapd.apparmor.service
2.348s snap-bare-5.mount
2.328s snap-canonical\x2dlivepatch-216.mount
2.289s snap-canonical\x2dlivepatch-229.mount
2.202s snap-core-14946.mount
2.173s snap-core-15419.mount
2.085s snap-core18-2745.mount
2.052s snap-core18-2785.mount
1.986s systemd-resolved.service
1.968s snap-core20-1891.mount
1.945s snap-core20-1950.mount
1.850s snap-core22-634.mount
1.839s snap-core22-750.mount
1.820s e2scrub_reap.service
1.774s snap-firefox-2645.mount
1.762s snap-firefox-2667.mount
1.738s lm-sensors.service
1.735s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d26\x2d1604-104.mount
1.681s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d26\x2d1604-111.mount
1.667s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-194.mount
1.608s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-198.mount
1.536s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d34\x2d1804-90.mount
1.513s systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
1.435s systemd-modules-load.service
1.426s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d34\x2d1804-93.mount
1.415s networking.service
1.327s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d38\x2d2004-137.mount
1.251s systemd-udevd.service
1.203s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d38\x2d2004-140.mount
1.192s systemd-sysusers.service
1.151s snap-gnome\x2d42\x2d2204-102.mount
1.080s snap-gnome\x2d42\x2d2204-111.mount
1.074s systemd-udev-trigger.service
1.016s packagekit.service
976ms snap-gnome\x2dsystem\x2dmonitor-181.mount
970ms keyboard-setup.service
963ms snap-gnome\x2dsystem\x2dmonitor-184.mount
957ms systemd-random-seed.service
920ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1534.mount
908ms snap-instagraph-76.mount
905ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1535.mount
881ms snap-hunspell\x2ddictionaries\x2d1\x2d7\x2d2004-2.mount
850ms rc.local.service
796ms snap-telegram\x2ddesktop-4826.mount
795ms snap-instagraph-86.mount
788ms snap-qt551-42.mount
785ms plymouth-start.service
779ms snap-telegram\x2ddesktop-4762.mount
738ms snap-ipfs-3709.mount
737ms grub-initrd-fallback.service
732ms snap-ipfs-3744.mount
698ms snap-qt551-41.mount
668ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
635ms systemd-backlight@leds:dell::kbd_backlight.service
595ms systemd-sysctl.service
580ms [email protected]
548ms snapd.seeded.service
462ms ua-timer.service
430ms systemd-timesyncd.service
340ms systemd-journald.service
322ms dns-clean.service
308ms setvtrgb.service
305ms dev-hugepages.mount
305ms [email protected]
304ms dev-mqueue.mount
304ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
303ms sys-kernel-tracing.mount
292ms systemd-user-sessions.service
283ms ufw.service
283ms kmod-static-nodes.service
281ms [email protected]
278ms [email protected]
908ms snap-instagraph-76.mount
905ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1535.mount
881ms snap-hunspell\x2ddictionaries\x2d1\x2d7\x2d2004-2.mount
850ms rc.local.service
796ms snap-telegram\x2ddesktop-4826.mount
795ms snap-instagraph-86.mount
788ms snap-qt551-42.mount
785ms plymouth-start.service
779ms snap-telegram\x2ddesktop-4762.mount
738ms snap-ipfs-3709.mount
737ms grub-initrd-fallback.service
732ms snap-ipfs-3744.mount
698ms snap-qt551-41.mount
668ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
635ms systemd-backlight@leds:dell::kbd_backlight.service
595ms systemd-sysctl.service
580ms [email protected]
548ms snapd.seeded.service
462ms ua-timer.service
430ms systemd-timesyncd.service
340ms systemd-journald.service
322ms dns-clean.service
308ms setvtrgb.service
305ms dev-hugepages.mount
305ms [email protected]
304ms dev-mqueue.mount
304ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
303ms sys-kernel-tracing.mount
292ms systemd-user-sessions.service
283ms ufw.service
283ms kmod-static-nodes.service
281ms [email protected]
278ms [email protected]
1.016s packagekit.service
976ms snap-gnome\x2dsystem\x2dmonitor-181.mount
970ms keyboard-setup.service
963ms snap-gnome\x2dsystem\x2dmonitor-184.mount
957ms systemd-random-seed.service
920ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1534.mount
908ms snap-instagraph-76.mount
905ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1535.mount
881ms snap-hunspell\x2ddictionaries\x2d1\x2d7\x2d2004-2.mount
850ms rc.local.service
796ms snap-telegram\x2ddesktop-4826.mount
795ms snap-instagraph-86.mount
788ms snap-qt551-42.mount
785ms plymouth-start.service
779ms snap-telegram\x2ddesktop-4762.mount
738ms snap-ipfs-3709.mount
737ms grub-initrd-fallback.service
732ms snap-ipfs-3744.mount
698ms snap-qt551-41.mount
668ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
635ms systemd-backlight@leds:dell::kbd_backlight.service
595ms systemd-sysctl.service
580ms [email protected]
548ms snapd.seeded.service
462ms ua-timer.service
430ms systemd-timesyncd.service
340ms systemd-journald.service
322ms dns-clean.service
308ms setvtrgb.service
305ms dev-hugepages.mount
305ms [email protected]
304ms dev-mqueue.mount
304ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
303ms sys-kernel-tracing.mount
292ms systemd-user-sessions.service
283ms ufw.service
283ms kmod-static-nodes.service
281ms [email protected]
278ms [email protected]
273ms systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service
236ms console-setup.service
202ms ifupdown-pre.service
199ms systemd-journal-flush.service
192ms kerneloops.service
177ms systemd-remount-fs.service
176ms colord.service
155ms bolt.service
153ms systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service
151ms plymouth-read-write.service
148ms boot-efi.mount
144ms hddtemp.service
102ms proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount
98ms systemd-update-utmp.service
90ms ltsp-client-core.service
76ms upower.service
59ms modprobe@chromeos_pstore.service
43ms motd-news.service
34ms var-snap-firefox-common-host\x2dhunspell.mount
21ms [email protected]
12ms alsa-restore.service
6ms modprobe@efi_pstore.service
6ms wicd.service
6ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
5ms ureadahead-stop.service
5ms modprobe@pstore_blk.service
3ms modprobe@pstore_zone.service
3ms rtkit-daemon.service
2ms [email protected]
2ms sys-kernel-config.mount
2ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
756us snapd.socket
怎样才能缩短启动时间？谢谢。
更新：以下是systemd-analyze critical-chain显示的内容
graphical.target @2min 7.811s
└─multi-user.target @2min 7.811s
└─plymouth-quit-wait.service @46.504s +1min 21.306s
└─systemd-user-sessions.service @46.222s +280ms
└─network.target @46.213s
└─NetworkManager.service @34.940s +11.272s
└─dbus.service @34.937s
└─basic.target @34.716s
└─sockets.target @34.716s
└─snapd.socket @34.715s +1ms
└─sysinit.target @34.638s
└─snapd.apparmor.service @32.366s +2.271s
└─apparmor.service @29.640s +2.721s
└─local-fs.target @29.638s
└─run-snapd-ns-canonical\x2dlivepatch.mnt.mount @1min 12.113s
└─run-snapd-ns.mount @1min 10.620s
└─local-fs-pre.target @11.642s
└─systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service @11.065s +576ms
└─systemd-sysusers.service @9.951s +1.112s
└─systemd-remount-fs.service @9.748s +200ms
└─systemd-journald.socket @9.431s
└─system.slice @9.427s
└─-.slice @9.427s
这是我的snap list
bare 1.0 5 latest/stable canonical✓ base
canonical-livepatch 10.6.0 235 latest/stable canonical✓ -
core 16-2.59.4 15419 latest/stable canonical✓ core
core18 20230530 2785 latest/stable canonical✓ base
core20 20230613 1950 latest/stable canonical✓ base
core22 20230612 766 latest/stable canonical✓ base
firefox 114.0.2-1 2800 latest/stable mozilla✓ -
gnome-3-26-1604 3.26.0.20221130 111 latest/stable/… canonical✓ -
gnome-3-28-1804 3.28.0-19-g98f9e67.98f9e67 198 latest/stable canonical✓ -
gnome-3-34-1804 0+git.3556cb3 93 latest/stable canonical✓ -
gnome-3-38-2004 0+git.6f39565 140 latest/stable canonical✓ -
gnome-42-2204 0+git.ff35a85 111 latest/stable canonical✓ -
gnome-system-monitor 42.0 184 latest/stable/… canonical✓ -
gtk-common-themes 0.1-81-g442e511 1535 latest/stable/… canonical✓ -