我最近安装了 Ubuntu，对它还不是很熟悉。很长一段时间内一切都很顺利，但是通知栏中突然出现了一个错误，我不知道为什么！
这是我收到的错误通知：
关于未满足的依赖关系！
我在网上查找了这些问题的解决方案......
首先，我尝试过
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
这是我收到的
Hit:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease [110 kB]
Get:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [119 kB]
Get:4 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease [109 kB]
Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [42.9 kB]
Get:6 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu jammy-apps-security InRelease [7,553 B]
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [39.9 kB]
Get:8 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [101 kB]
Get:9 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [278 kB]
Get:10 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [940 B]
Get:11 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [4,892 B]
Get:12 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [15.6 kB]
Get:13 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu jammy-apps-updates InRelease [7,459 B]
Get:14 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu jammy-infra-security InRelease [7,453 B]
Get:15 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu jammy-infra-updates InRelease [7,452 B]
Fetched 851 kB in 4s (230 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
E: Invalid operation upgrade~
然后我去了
dpkg -l | grep ^iU | awk '{print $2}' | xargs sudo dpkg --purge
这是我收到的
[sudo] password for trishank:
dpkg: error: dpkg frontend lock was locked by another process with pid 8609
Note: removing the lock file is always wrong, and can end up damaging the
locked area and the entire system. See <https://wiki.debian.org/Teams/Dpkg/FAQ>.
然后
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get autoremove
我收到了
Hit:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Hit:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:4 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu jammy-apps-security InRelease
Hit:5 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
Hit:6 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu jammy-apps-updates InRelease
Hit:7 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu jammy-infra-security InRelease
Hit:8 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu jammy-infra-updates InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 32 not upgraded.
然后，我也安装了 Synaptic 包管理器，并转到“编辑”>“修复损坏的包”，它确实显示了，Successfully Fixed dependency Problems但是即使重新启动后通知仍然存在。
我尝试了“编辑”>“标记所有升级”，然后它显示E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
最后，我打开了 Ubuntu 上的软件更新程序应用程序。我收到的内容如下：
This error could be caused by required additional software packages which are missing or not installable. Furthermore there could be a conflict between software packages which are not allowed to be installed at the same time.
Transaction failed: Package dependencies cannot be resolved
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37: Depends: libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 (= 2.40.4-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) but 2.40.4-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 is to be installed
Depends: libgbm1 (>= 17.1.0~rc2) but 23.0.4-0ubuntu1~22.04.1 is to be installed
Depends: libgcc-s1 (>= 4.0) but 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 is to be installed
Depends: libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.70.0) but 2.72.4-0ubuntu2.2 is to be installed
Depends: libgtk-3-0 (>= 3.23.0) but 3.24.33-1ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: libicu70 (>= 70.1-1~) but 70.1-2 is to be installed
Depends: libjpeg8 (>= 8c) but 8c-2ubuntu10 is to be installed
Depends: libsoup2.4-1 (>= 2.69.90) but 2.74.2-3 is to be installed
Depends: libsqlite3-0 (>= 3.7.15) but 3.37.2-2ubuntu0.1 is to be installed
Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 12) but 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 is to be installed
Depends: libtasn1-6 (>= 4.14) but 4.18.0-4build1 is to be installed
Depends: libxcomposite1 (>= 1:0.4.5) but 1:0.4.5-1build2 is to be installed
Depends: libxdamage1 (>= 1:1.1) but 1:1.1.5-2build2 is to be installed
Depends: zlib1g (>= 1:1.2.2) but 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu9.2 is to be installed
请帮忙！
编辑：我试过了Synaptic 包管理器再次选择该Fix Broken Packages选项。这次，我得到了：
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies
使用后sudo apt upgrade
trishank@TrishankPC:~$ sudo apt upgrade
[sudo] password for trishank:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-5.19.0-32-generic linux-hwe-5.19-headers-5.19.0-32
linux-image-5.19.0-32-generic linux-modules-5.19.0-32-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.19.0-32-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages have been kept back:
base-files distro-info gjs language-pack-en language-pack-en-base
language-pack-gnome-en language-pack-gnome-en-base libegl-mesa0 libgbm1
libgjs0g libgl1-amber-dri libgl1-mesa-dri libglapi-mesa libglx-mesa0
python-apt-common python3-apt python3-distro-info python3-distupgrade
ubuntu-release-upgrader-core ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk
The following packages will be upgraded:
gir1.2-gtk-4.0 libgpgme11 libgpgmepp6 libgtk-4-1 libgtk-4-bin
libgtk-4-common libunwind8 linux-firmware
8 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 20 not upgraded.
Need to get 261 MB of archives.
After this operation, 1,119 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libgtk-4-common all 4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [662 kB]
Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libgtk-4-1 amd64 4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [2,866 kB]
Get:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 gir1.2-gtk-4.0 amd64 4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [216 kB]
Get:4 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libgpgme11 amd64 1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4.1 [136 kB]
Get:5 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libgpgmepp6 amd64 1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4.1 [109 kB]
Get:6 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libgtk-4-bin amd64 4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [2,870 kB]
Get:7 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libunwind8 amd64 1.3.2-2build2.1 [54.5 kB]
Get:8 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 linux-firmware all 20220329.git681281e4-0ubuntu3.17 [254 MB]
Fetched 261 MB in 3min 52s (1,127 kB/s)
(Reading database ... 236893 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-libgtk-4-common_4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libgtk-4-common (4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) over (4.6.6+ds-0ubuntu1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../1-libgtk-4-1_4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgtk-4-1:amd64 (4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) over (4.6.6+ds-0ubuntu1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../2-gir1.2-gtk-4.0_4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gir1.2-gtk-4.0:amd64 (4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) over (4.6.6+ds-0ubuntu1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../3-libgpgme11_1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgpgme11:amd64 (1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4.1) over (1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4) ...
Preparing to unpack .../4-libgpgmepp6_1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgpgmepp6:amd64 (1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4.1) over (1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4) ...
Preparing to unpack .../5-libgtk-4-bin_4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgtk-4-bin (4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) over (4.6.6+ds-0ubuntu1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../6-libunwind8_1.3.2-2build2.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libunwind8:amd64 (1.3.2-2build2.1) over (1.3.2-2build2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../7-linux-firmware_20220329.git681281e4-0ubuntu3.17_all.deb ...
Unpacking linux-firmware (20220329.git681281e4-0ubuntu3.17) over (20220329.git681281e4-0ubuntu3.16) ...
Setting up linux-firmware (20220329.git681281e4-0ubuntu3.17) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-26-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-50-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-32-generic
Setting up libunwind8:amd64 (1.3.2-2build2.1) ...
Setting up libgpgme11:amd64 (1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4.1) ...
Setting up libgtk-4-common (4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Setting up libgpgmepp6:amd64 (1.16.0-1.2ubuntu4.1) ...
Processing triggers for libglib2.0-0:amd64 (2.72.4-0ubuntu2.2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Setting up libgtk-4-1:amd64 (4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Setting up libgtk-4-bin (4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Setting up gir1.2-gtk-4.0:amd64 (4.6.9+ds-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) ...
trishank@TrishankPC:~$
使用后apt policy libwebkit2gt
trishank@TrishankPC:~$ apt policy libwebkit2gtk
N: Unable to locate package libwebkit2gtk
trishank@TrishankPC:~$
当我启动电脑时，问题不知怎么就解决了！谢谢
答案1
我通过 synaptic 清理了软件包的剩余配置，然后我也通过 synaptic 更新了软件包 - 之后带有错误的红色图标从顶部面板消失了。