当我使用：sudo dpkg --configure -a，
我明白了：
Setting up rsyslog (5.8.6-1ubuntu9.1) ...
dpkg: error processing rsyslog (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 10
Errors were encountered while processing:
rsyslog
然后我输入：sudo apt-get -f install
响应是
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
calligra-l10n-engb cdparanoia k3b k3b-data k3b-i18n kde-l10n-engb
kde-l10n-fa kde-l10n-zhcn kdevelop-l10n kdevelop-php-docs-l10n
kdevelop-php-l10n language-pack-kde-en language-pack-kde-fa libflac++6
libk3b6 libkcddb4
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up rsyslog (5.8.6-1ubuntu9.1) ...
dpkg: error processing rsyslog (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 10
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Errors were encountered while processing:
rsyslog
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
最后，我使用：sudo sh -x /var/lib/dpkg/info/rsyslog.postinst configure
响应是
+ set -e
+ user_conf=/etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf
+ default_conf=/usr/share/rsyslog/50-default.conf
+ ucf --three-way --debconf-ok /usr/share/rsyslog/50-default.conf /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf
然后我尝试sudo ucf --verbose --debug=2 --three-way --debconf-ok /{usr/share/rsyslog,etc/rsyslog.d}/50-default.conf
并得到：
ucf: The Debug value is 2
ucf: The new file is /usr/share/rsyslog/50-default.conf
ucf: The Destination file is /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf
ucf: The Source directory is /usr/share/rsyslog
ucf: The State directory is /var/lib/ucf
The hash file exists
egrep [[:space:]]\/etc\/rsyslog\.d\/50\-default\.conf$ /var/lib/ucf/hashfile
80de10a8b9f13365de8cc4bbf8efec5e /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf
The new start file is `/usr/share/rsyslog/50-default.conf\'
The destination is `/etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf\' (`\/etc\/rsyslog\.d\/50
\-default\.conf\')
The history is kept under \'/usr/share/rsyslog\'
The file may be cached at \'/var/lib/ucf/cache/:etc:rsyslog.d:50-default.conf\'
The destination file exists, and has md5sum:
80de10a8b9f13365de8cc4bbf8efec5e /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf
The old md5sum exists, and is:
80de10a8b9f13365de8cc4bbf8efec5e
The new file exists, and has md5sum:
80de10a8b9f13365de8cc4bbf8efec5e /usr/share/rsyslog/50-default.conf
Historical md5sums are not available
ucf: The Debug value is 2
ucf: The new file is /usr/share/rsyslog/50-default.conf
ucf: The Destination file is /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf
ucf: The Source directory is /usr/share/rsyslog
ucf: The State directory is /var/lib/ucf
The hash file exists
然后我输入：sudo apt-get upgrade -f
并得到这个：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]?
Setting up rsyslog (5.8.6-1ubuntu9.1) ...
dpkg: error processing rsyslog (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 10
Errors were encountered while processing:
rsyslog
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
答案1
尝试这个：
dpkg --configure -a
apt-get -f install
如果错误是暂时的，这将完成安装。如果问题仍然存在，请向我们提供这些命令的完整输出。
如果错误相同，您也可以运行此命令以获取更多信息。请将完整输出添加到您的帖子中：
sudo sh -x /var/lib/dpkg/info/rsyslog.postinst configure
答案2
首先停止 rsyslog
sudo service rsyslog stop
sudo systemctl stop rsyslog.service
sudo systemctl disable rsyslog.service
然后尝试：
sudo apt-get -f install