☰

awk 和系统并打印并附加到 csv 文件

tag-icon • tag-icon bash awk osx csv
awk 和系统并打印并附加到 csv 文件

我正在尝试将一列附加到包含 13 列的 csv 文件中。
我正在执行以下命令：

awk -F "," 'BEGIN{ OFS="," } {gsub(/"/, "", $1);$14=system("date -jf \"%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S %p\" \""$1"\" \"+%s\"");print}' mycsv.csv > test

结果是在 13 字段的末尾附加了以下内容^M,1（或者^M,0将新列的值（应该是 $14）添加到第二行。
因此 csv 中断。
这里有什么问题？

输入示例：

"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now"

预期输出：

"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now", 1485771295

更新：
这：

awk -F"," 'BEGIN{ OFS="," } {gsub(/"/, "", $1);system("date -jf \"%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S %p\" \""$1"\" \"+%s\"")|getline $14; print}' mycsv.csv > test

退出状态中没有 0 或 1，system但具有^M和 新行特征，因此 $14 打印在新行中

更新2：

$ cat mycsv.csv 
"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now"  
"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now"  
"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now"

正在做：

$ awk -F"," '{printf; printf ","; gsub(/"/, "", $1);system("date -jf \"%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S %p\" \""$1"\" \"+%s\"")}' mycsv.csv > test  
Failed conversion of ``1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM'' using format ``%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S %p''  
date: illegal time format  
usage: date [-jnu] [-d dst] [-r seconds] [-t west] [-v[+|-]val[ymwdHMS]] ...   
            [-f fmt date | [[[mm]dd]HH]MM[[cc]yy][.ss]] [+format]

结果文件：
当我做 cat 时，我看到：

$ cat test
,1485771295 11:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now"  
,148577129511:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now"

当我用 vim 打开时，我看到一个^Mafter"Now"

更新3：
奇怪的是，我无法打印整行。以下给出了垃圾：

$awk -F',' '{ printf $0 }' mycsv.csv   
","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now""

但这是有效的（但我不想要打印添加的新行）：

$ awk -F',' '{ print $0; }' mycsv.csv   
"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now"  
"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now"  
"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M","k6.0.1","E","jim","JimK","JIM","[email protected]","A","6.0.12","A","Now"

答案1

从awk(1)我们读到的

   system(cmd)
          executes cmd and returns its exit status

所以0是系统命令结果返回的退出状态（正常退出）。在这种情况下，您可能需要打印现有的列、逗号，然后执行日期，以便将标准输出放在正确的位置，如简化示例所示：

(echo a,b,c; echo e,f,g) \
| awk -F, '{printf "%s", $0;printf ",";system("echo more")}'

使用第一列的输入附加新列并没有太大不同：打印数据，附加逗号，$1为后续系统进行更改，进行系统调用。

$ cat input 
"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M"
$ awk -F, '{printf "%s", $0;printf ",";gsub(/"/, "", $1);system("date -jf \"%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S %p\" \""$1"\" \"+%s\"")}' input
"1/30/2017 11:14:55 AM","I","M",1485774895

相关内容