嗨，我在更新 Ubuntu 12.04 时遇到了问题，当我输入时，sudo apt-get update我得到了这个
howie@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
[sudo] password for howie:
Get:1 http://dl.google.com stable Release.gpg [198 B]
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
Hit http://dl.google.com stable Release
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
Get:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg [316 B]
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise Release
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release
Ign http://dl.google.com stable Release
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main amd64 Packages/DiffIndex
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main i386 Packages/DiffIndex
Get:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release [11.9 kB]
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://dl.google.com stable/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://dl.google.com stable/main i386 Packages
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Sources
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main i386 Packages
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main TranslationIndex
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted amd64 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe amd64 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse amd64 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe TranslationIndex
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe TranslationIndex
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe TranslationIndex
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Translation-en
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Translation-en
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Translation-en
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Sources
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main i386 Packages
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main TranslationIndex
Get:4 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Sources [29.5 kB]
Get:5 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main amd64 Packages [18.6 kB]
Get:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main i386 Packages [18.6 kB]
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Sources
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main i386 Packages
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main TranslationIndex
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en
Fetched 79.1 kB in 3s (22.4 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
W: GPG error: http://dl.google.com stable Release: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY A040830F7FAC5991
howie@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libgail-3-0 : Depends: libgtk-3-0 (= 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.6) but 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.8 is installed
libgtk-3-bin : Depends: libgtk-3-common (= 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.6) but 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.8 is installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
howie@ubuntu:~$ apt-get -f install
E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied)
E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?
howie@ubuntu:~$
我的屏幕右上方也有一个红点，上面有一条白线。我不太擅长使用电脑，所以如果能提供任何帮助我将非常感激，因为我想升级到最新版本。
我明白了
howie@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install -f
[sudo] password for howie:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libkrb5-3:i386 libgconf-2-4:i386 libatk1.0-0:i386 libk5crypto3:i386
libstdc++6:i386 libxfixes3:i386 libxcomposite1:i386 libldap-2.4-2:i386
libroken18-heimdal:i386 libidn11:i386 libnss3:i386 libjpeg-turbo8:i386
libjpeg8:i386 linux-headers-3.2.0-35 libdbus-glib-1-2:i386
libasn1-8-heimdal:i386 libnspr4-0d:i386 libcairo2:i386 libgnutls26:i386
libgssapi3-heimdal:i386 libtasn1-3:i386 libfreetype6:i386 libexpat1:i386
libdatrie1:i386 libavahi-common-data:i386 libgconf2-4:i386
libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:i386 libxcb1:i386 libp11-kit0:i386 libwind0-heimdal:i386
libxau6:i386 libpixman-1-0:i386 libcups2:i386 libcurl3:i386
libxinerama1:i386 libkrb5support0:i386 gir1.2-unique-3.0 libxft2:i386
libxdmcp6:i386 libgcrypt11:i386 linux-headers-3.2.0-35-generic libthai0:i386
libkeyutils1:i386 libasound2:i386 libxrender1:i386 libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386
libnspr4:i386 libhx509-5-heimdal:i386 libxss1:i386 libheimbase1-heimdal:i386
libtiff4:i386 libjasper1:i386 libudev0:i386 libavahi-client3:i386
libx11-6:i386 libsasl2-2:i386 libfontconfig1:i386 libpango1.0-0:i386
libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386 libxdamage1:i386 libxcb-render0:i386 librtmp0:i386
libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 libxi6:i386 libxcursor1:i386 libxcb-shm0:i386
libxext6:i386 libsasl2-modules:i386 libavahi-common3:i386 libxrandr2:i386
libnss3-1d:i386 libsqlite3-0:i386 libgtk2.0-0:i386 libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386
libssl1.0.0:i386 libgpg-error0:i386
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
libgail-3-0 libgtk-3-bin
The following packages will be upgraded:
libgail-3-0 libgtk-3-bin
2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 202 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/39.9 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgail-3-0:
libgail-3-0 depends on libgtk-3-0 (= 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.6); however:
Version of libgtk-3-0 on system is 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.8.
dpkg: error processing libgail-3-0 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgtk-3-bin:
libgtk-3-bin depends on libgtk-3-common (= 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.6); however:
Version of libgtk-3-common on system is 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.8.
dpkg: error processing libgtk-3-bin (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
libgail-3-0
libgtk-3-bin
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
howie@ubuntu:~$ apt-get install -f with sudo: sudo apt-get install -f
E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied)
E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?
howie@ubuntu:~$ apt-get install -f with sudo: sudo apt-get install -f
E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied)
E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?
howie@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libkrb5-3:i386 libgconf-2-4:i386 libatk1.0-0:i386 libk5crypto3:i386
libstdc++6:i386 libxfixes3:i386 libxcomposite1:i386 libldap-2.4-2:i386
libroken18-heimdal:i386 libidn11:i386 libnss3:i386 libjpeg-turbo8:i386
libjpeg8:i386 linux-headers-3.2.0-35 libdbus-glib-1-2:i386
libasn1-8-heimdal:i386 libnspr4-0d:i386 libcairo2:i386 libgnutls26:i386
libgssapi3-heimdal:i386 libtasn1-3:i386 libfreetype6:i386 libexpat1:i386
libdatrie1:i386 libavahi-common-data:i386 libgconf2-4:i386
libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:i386 libxcb1:i386 libp11-kit0:i386 libwind0-heimdal:i386
libxau6:i386 libpixman-1-0:i386 libcups2:i386 libcurl3:i386
libxinerama1:i386 libkrb5support0:i386 gir1.2-unique-3.0 libxft2:i386
libxdmcp6:i386 libgcrypt11:i386 linux-headers-3.2.0-35-generic libthai0:i386
libkeyutils1:i386 libasound2:i386 libxrender1:i386 libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386
libnspr4:i386 libhx509-5-heimdal:i386 libxss1:i386 libheimbase1-heimdal:i386
libtiff4:i386 libjasper1:i386 libudev0:i386 libavahi-client3:i386
libx11-6:i386 libsasl2-2:i386 libfontconfig1:i386 libpango1.0-0:i386
libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386 libxdamage1:i386 libxcb-render0:i386 librtmp0:i386
libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 libxi6:i386 libxcursor1:i386 libxcb-shm0:i386
libxext6:i386 libsasl2-modules:i386 libavahi-common3:i386 libxrandr2:i386
libnss3-1d:i386 libsqlite3-0:i386 libgtk2.0-0:i386 libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386
libssl1.0.0:i386 libgpg-error0:i386
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
libgail-3-0 libgtk-3-bin
The following packages will be upgraded:
libgail-3-0 libgtk-3-bin
2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 202 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/39.9 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgail-3-0:
libgail-3-0 depends on libgtk-3-0 (= 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.6); however:
Version of libgtk-3-0 on system is 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.8.
dpkg: error processing libgail-3-0 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgtk-3-bin:
libgtk-3-bin depends on libgtk-3-common (= 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.6); however:
Version of libgtk-3-common on system is 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.8.
dpkg: error processing libgtk-3-bin (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
libgail-3-0
libgtk-3-bin
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
答案1
首先运行以下命令删除所有未使用的包，
sudo apt-get autoremove
然后暂停软件包（libgail-3-0，libgtk-3-bin）的升级，
sudo apt-mark hold libgail-3-0
sudo apt-mark hold libgtk-3-bin
现在运行命令后不会出现任何错误sudo apt-get install -f。