当我只有 Ubuntu 16.04 时，它非常快并且启动时间也非常少。后来我通过双启动（并修复了 GRUB）安装了 Windows 7。之后 Ubuntu 需要很长时间才能启动，但 Win 7 立即启动。运行 dmesg 后，我给出了最后一部分。请建议一种解决方法。
[ 1.884039] tsc: Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 2199.955 MHz
[ 1.884048] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1fb608875b4, max_idle_ns: 440795310951 ns
[ 2.884142] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc
[ 8.435701] EXT4-fs (sda6): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 8.957627] random: nonblocking pool is initialized
[ 9.597436] systemd[1]: systemd 229 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ -LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD -IDN)
[ 9.597579] systemd[1]: Detected architecture x86-64.
[ 9.605438] systemd[1]: Set hostname to <aniruddha-desktop>.
[ 11.912456] systemd[1]: Listening on Syslog Socket.
[ 11.912556] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket.
[ 11.912576] systemd[1]: Reached target Remote File Systems (Pre).
[ 11.912593] systemd[1]: Reached target User and Group Name Lookups.
[ 11.912634] systemd[1]: Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
[ 11.912757] systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice.
[ 11.912924] systemd[1]: Set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
[ 11.913012] systemd[1]: Created slice System Slice.
[ 11.924129] systemd[1]: Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System...
[ 12.008233] systemd[1]: Starting Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel...
[ 12.064279] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Modules...
[ 12.065064] systemd[1]: Mounting Debug File System...
[ 12.065973] systemd[1]: Starting Uncomplicated firewall...
[ 12.066093] systemd[1]: Listening on fsck to fsckd communication Socket.
[ 12.066211] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Audit Socket.
[ 12.066995] systemd[1]: Started Braille Device Support.
[ 12.070829] systemd[1]: Reached target Remote File Systems.
[ 12.070950] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Control Socket.
[ 12.071808] systemd[1]: Starting Set console keymap...
[ 12.071895] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket.
[ 12.071940] systemd[1]: Reached target Slices.
[ 12.072165] systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
[ 12.072194] systemd[1]: Reached target Encrypted Volumes.
[ 12.073062] systemd[1]: Mounting Huge Pages File System...
[ 12.073970] systemd[1]: Started Read required files in advance.
[ 12.074182] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log).
[ 12.075064] systemd[1]: Starting Journal Service...
[ 12.180764] systemd[1]: Started Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel.
[ 12.192320] systemd[1]: Starting Create Static Device Nodes in /dev...
[ 12.419420] systemd[1]: Started Uncomplicated firewall.
[ 12.531491] systemd[1]: Mounted Huge Pages File System.
[ 12.531544] systemd[1]: Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System.
[ 12.531566] systemd[1]: Mounted Debug File System.
[ 12.987888] lp: driver loaded but no devices found
[ 13.047867] ppdev: user-space parallel port driver
[ 13.224567] systemd[1]: Started Load Kernel Modules.
[ 13.248273] systemd[1]: Starting Apply Kernel Variables...
[ 13.249138] systemd[1]: Mounting FUSE Control File System...
[ 13.249810] systemd[1]: Started Journal Service.
[ 15.717083] EXT4-fs (sda6): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro
[ 16.228800] systemd-journald[231]: Received request to flush runtime journal from PID 1
[ 17.079889] intel_rng: Firmware space is locked read-only. If you can't or
intel_rng: don't want to disable this in firmware setup, and if
intel_rng: you are certain that your system has a functional
intel_rng: RNG, try using the 'no_fwh_detect' option.
[ 17.588503] coretemp coretemp.0: Using relative temperature scale!
[ 17.588523] coretemp coretemp.0: Using relative temperature scale!
[ 17.592559] leds_ss4200: no LED devices found
[ 17.606422] shpchp: Standard Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.4
[ 19.359467] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: ALC888: SKU not ready 0x411111f0
[ 19.359880] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: autoconfig for ALC888: line_outs=1 (0x14/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0) type:line
[ 19.359884] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: speaker_outs=0 (0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 19.359887] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: hp_outs=1 (0x1b/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 19.359890] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: mono: mono_out=0x0
[ 19.359892] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: dig-out=0x1e/0x0
[ 19.359895] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: inputs:
[ 19.359898] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: Front Mic=0x19
[ 19.359901] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: Rear Mic=0x18
[ 19.359903] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D2: Line=0x1a
[ 19.372537] input: HDA Intel Rear Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input7
[ 19.372647] input: HDA Intel Line as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input8
[ 19.372729] input: HDA Intel Line Out as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input9
[ 21.793830] gpio_ich: GPIO from 462 to 511 on gpio_ich
[ 21.880090] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745726.419:2): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=545 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 21.880102] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745726.419:3): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=545 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 21.880110] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745726.419:4): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-helper" pid=545 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 21.880117] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745726.419:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=545 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 22.629383] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745727.167:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session" pid=544 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 22.629396] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745727.167:7): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session//chromium" pid=544 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 23.193542] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745727.731:8): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/bin/freshclam" pid=675 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 24.466415] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745729.003:9): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="webbrowser-app" pid=680 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 24.466428] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745729.003:10): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="webbrowser-app//oxide_helper" pid=680 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 24.585948] audit: type=1400 audit(1488745729.123:11): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/bin/evince" pid=671 comm="apparmor_parser"
[ 108.290006] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): ens2: link is not ready
[ 108.297330] r8169 0000:03:00.0 ens2: link down
[ 108.297373] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): ens2: link is not ready
[ 267.122970] perf interrupt took too long (2501 > 2500), lowering kernel.perf_event_max_sample_rate to 50000
答案1
我看到了各种错误，有些是小错误，有些可能会导致启动缓慢......
lp 驱动程序（次要）
[ 12.987888] lp: 驱动程序已加载但未找到设备 [ 13.047867] ppdev:用户空间并行端口驱动程序
在terminal...
gksudo gedit /etc/modules#在 lp 前面 放置a 以禁用不必要的 lp 驱动程序- 改成
lp这样...#lp
- 改成
- 保存文件并退出 gedit
文件系统错误？（可能是严重错误）
[ 15.717083] EXT4-fs (sda6)：已重新安装。选项：错误=remount-ro [ 16.228800] systemd-journald[231]: 收到来自 PID 1 的刷新运行时日志的请求
让我们检查您的文件系统是否存在错误...
- 启动到 GRUB 菜单
- 选择高级选项
- 选择恢复模式
- 选择 Root 访问
- 在 # 提示符下，输入
sudo fsck -f /dev/sda6 - 如果有错误，请重复 fsck 命令
- 类型
reboot
IPv6（可能速度较慢）
[ 108.290006] IPv6：ADDRCONF（NETDEV_UP）：ens2：链接未准备好 [ 108.297330] r8169 0000：03：00.0 ens2：链接中断 [ 108.297373] IPv6：ADDRCONF（NETDEV_UP）：ens2：链接未准备好 [ 267.122970] perf 中断耗时过长 (2501 > 2500)，将 kernel.perf_event_max_sample_rate 降低至 50000
设置“有线连接”的网络配置文件，IPv6 选项卡，方法 =Ignore
- 注意：更换 r8169 驱动程序后重新设置
Automatic，看看这个问题是否消失
以太网驱动程序（可能速度慢、出现连接问题）
网络描述：以太网接口产品：RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express 千兆以太网控制器 驱动程序=r8169 速度=10Mbit/s
- 有问题的 r8169 驱动程序...用 r8168-dkms 替换
- 速度只有 10Mbit... 以太网电缆或交换机/集线器有问题
在terminal...
sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install dkms r8168-dkmsreboot