我想安装一个 mysql 服务器。最终我想运行 PHP 脚本，我读到我需要一个 sql 服务器来实现这一点，mysql 似乎是推荐的选择。
我尝试$ sudo apt install mysql-server从终端运行。我记得它没有令人满意地安装 mysql。当我运行时，$ sudo systemctl status mysql它告诉我服务器是inactive (dead)。我读了一些人的帖子报告同样的事情，然后意识到/etc/mysql清除操作并没有删除$ sudo apt-get remove --purge mysql-server*
它。所以我用 root 权限强制删除了它。也许这不是一个好主意，我不知道。现在我甚至无法再次安装 mysql 服务器。
~$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
mysql-server is already the newest version (5.7.29-0ubuntu0.18.04.1).
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
kde-config-mailtransport kf5-kdepim-apps-libs-data kio-ldap kio-sieve
libgrantlee-templates5 libgrantlee-textdocument5 libical2 libkf5akonadiagentbase5
libkf5akonadicalendar-data libkf5akonadicalendar5abi2 libkf5akonadicontact-data
libkf5akonadicontact5abi1 libkf5akonadicore-bin libkf5akonadicore5abi1
libkf5akonadimime-data libkf5akonadimime5 libkf5akonadinotes-data
libkf5akonadinotes5 libkf5akonadiprivate5 libkf5akonadisearchpim5
libkf5akonadiwidgets5 libkf5alarmcalendar-data libkf5alarmcalendar5abi1
libkf5calendarcore5abi1 libkf5calendarsupport-data libkf5calendarsupport5abi1
libkf5calendarutils-bin libkf5calendarutils-data libkf5calendarutils5abi1
libkf5contacteditor-data libkf5contacteditor5 libkf5contacts-data libkf5contacts5
libkf5emoticons-bin libkf5emoticons-data libkf5emoticons5 libkf5eventviews-data
libkf5eventviews5 libkf5identitymanagement-data libkf5identitymanagement5abi1
libkf5imap-data libkf5imap5 libkf5incidenceeditor-bin libkf5incidenceeditor-data
libkf5incidenceeditor5abi2 libkf5kdepimdbusinterfaces5 libkf5kontactinterface-data
libkf5kontactinterface5 libkf5ldap-data libkf5ldap5 libkf5libkdepim-data
libkf5libkdepim-plugins libkf5libkdepim5abi2 libkf5libkdepimakonadi5
libkf5mailtransport-data libkf5mailtransport5abi2 libkf5mailtransportakonadi5
libkf5mbox5 libkf5mime-data libkf5mime5abi2 libkf5pimcommon-plugins
libkf5pimcommon5abi3 libkf5pimcommonakonadi5 libkf5pimtextedit-data
libkf5pimtextedit5abi2 libkgantt2 libkgantt2-l10n libkolabxml1v5 libkpimgapi-data
libkpimgapicalendar5 libkpimgapicontacts5 libkpimgapicore5 libkpimgapitasks5
libkpimkdav-data libkpimkdav5 libkpimsmtp5 libllvm8 libllvm8:i386 libqt5webengine5
linux-headers-4.15.0-64 linux-headers-4.15.0-64-generic
linux-image-4.15.0-64-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-64-generic
linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-64-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 26 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.29-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-5.7.postinst: line 191: /usr/share/mysql-common/configure-
symlinks: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.7 (--configure):
installed mysql-server-5.7 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit
status 127
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.7; however:
Package mysql-server-5.7 is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a
previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
mysql-server-5.7
mysql-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
看来我遇到了 dpkg 错误mysql-server-5.7和 错误mysql-server。不知为何配置不正确。
然后，当我运行时，sudo systemctl status mysql我得到：
$ sudo systemctl status mysql
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; disabled; vendor
preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
这让我相信安装过程中又出现了问题。
当我输入sudo touch /usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks; sudo chmod 755 /usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks; sudo dpkg --configure -a-库尔菲建议 - 进入终端我得到以下输出。
touch: cannot touch '/usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks': No
such file or directory
chmod: cannot access '/usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks': No
such file or directory
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.29-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-5.7.postinst: line 191:
/usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.7 (--configure):
installed mysql-server-5.7 package post-installation script
subprocess returned error exit status 127
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.7; however:
Package mysql-server-5.7 is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
mysql-server-5.7
mysql-server
sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/mysql-common/然后尝试在上述命令之前运行，然后运行该命令会产生以下结果：
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.29-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present)
Please enable --log-error option or set appropriate redirections for
standard output and/or standard error in daemon mode.
Warning: Unable to start the server.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-
user.target.wants/mysql.service → /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service.
Job for mysql.service failed because the control process exited with
error code.
See "systemctl status mysql.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
invoke-rc.d: initscript mysql, action "start" failed.
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor
preset: enabled)
Active: activating (auto-restart) (Result: exit-code) since Mon
2020-02-17 14:55:22 CET; 5ms ago
Process: 11235 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre
(code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.7 (--configure):
installed mysql-server-5.7 package post-installation script
subprocess returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.7; however:
Package mysql-server-5.7 is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
mysql-server-5.7
mysql-server
当我检查时，systemctl status mysql.service我得到以下输出
$ systemctl status mysql.service
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor
preset: enab
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Mon 2020-02-17 14:55:23
CET; 20min ago
Process: 11243 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre
(code=exite
Feb 17 14:55:23 leonhard-ThinkPad-X240 systemd[1]: mysql.service:
Service hold-off
Feb 17 14:55:23 leonhard-ThinkPad-X240 systemd[1]: mysql.service:
Scheduled restar
Feb 17 14:55:23 leonhard-ThinkPad-X240 systemd[1]: Stopped MySQL
Community Server.
Feb 17 14:55:23 leonhard-ThinkPad-X240 systemd[1]: mysql.service:
Start request re
Feb 17 14:55:23 leonhard-ThinkPad-X240 systemd[1]: mysql.service:
Failed with resu
Feb 17 14:55:23 leonhard-ThinkPad-X240 systemd[1]: Failed to start
MySQL Community
我开始解决 dpkg 问题。然后我发现本网站安装 MySQL 5.7 的指南。他们建议首先从 dev.mysql 添加一个存储库，因此我将此语句 sudowget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.3-1_all.deb到我的终端，然后 dpkg 执行它dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.3-1_all.deb。我在终端中看到了以下类似 DOS 的警告窗口：
The detected system (ubuntu bionic) is not supported by MySQL. If you
believe the platform is compatible with one of the supported systems,
one of the corresponding repositories may be │
│ selected.
│
│
│
│ Add repository to unsupported system?
所以也许这与我拥有的 Ubuntu 风格有关？
答案1
似乎您以某种方式删除了 Symlink 配置文件。您可以使用以下命令重新创建该文件：
sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/mysql-common/
sudo touch /usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks
sudo chmod 755 /usr/share/mysql-common/configure-symlinks
并粘贴
#!/bin/sh
set -e
case "$1" in
install)
variant="$2"
my_cnf_path="$3"
update-alternatives --install /etc/mysql/my.cnf my.cnf "$my_cnf_path" 200
;;
remove)
variant="$2"
my_cnf_path="$3"
update-alternatives --remove my.cnf "$my_cnf_path"
;;
esac
MySQL 配置文件夹似乎也被删除了，如输出结果发布在聊天中。要修复此问题，请运行
sudo mkdir -p /etc/mysql/conf.d/
echo "[mysql]" | sudo tee /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf
sudo touch /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqldump.cnf
sudo chmod 644 /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqldump.cnf
并将以下内容粘贴到 /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqldump.cnf 中。
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
现在配置未配置的包。
sudo dpkg --configure -a
使用以下命令检查 MySQL 的状态
systemctl status mysql.service
更多信息，请参阅聊天记录。