我想在 ubuntu 20.04 上安装 CUDA，并按照此处的说明进行操作https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-install-cuda-on-ubuntu-20-04-focal-fossa-linux
但是我已经从 ubuntu repo 安装了 nvidia-cuda-toolkit 包，后来发现我需要 10.2 版本。
所以我做了一个apt-get remove nvidia-cuda-toolkit，然后按照从 cuda repo 安装的说明进行操作，但由于软件包损坏而失败（卸载 nvidia-cuda-toolkit 不干净）。
现在我被困住了。我尝试这样做：
# apt-get remove cuda
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package 'cuda' is not installed, so not removed
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies.
cuda-libraries-10-2 : Depends: libcublas10 (>= 10.2.2.89) but 10.1.243-3 is to be installed
libcublas-dev : Depends: libcublas10 (>= 10.2.2.89) but 10.1.243-3 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
所以我尝试这个：
# apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
ca-certificates-java cuda-10-2 cuda-command-line-tools-10-2 cuda-compiler-10-2 cuda-cudart-10-2 cuda-cudart-dev-10-2 cuda-cufft-10-2
cuda-cufft-dev-10-2 cuda-cuobjdump-10-2 cuda-cupti-10-2 cuda-cupti-dev-10-2 cuda-curand-10-2 cuda-curand-dev-10-2 cuda-cusolver-10-2
cuda-cusolver-dev-10-2 cuda-cusparse-10-2 cuda-cusparse-dev-10-2 cuda-demo-suite-10-2 cuda-documentation-10-2 cuda-driver-dev-10-2
cuda-drivers cuda-gdb-10-2 cuda-libraries-10-2 cuda-libraries-dev-10-2 cuda-license-10-2 cuda-memcheck-10-2 cuda-misc-headers-10-2
cuda-npp-10-2 cuda-npp-dev-10-2 cuda-nsight-10-2 cuda-nsight-compute-10-2 cuda-nsight-systems-10-2 cuda-nvcc-10-2 cuda-nvdisasm-10-2
cuda-nvgraph-10-2 cuda-nvgraph-dev-10-2 cuda-nvjpeg-10-2 cuda-nvjpeg-dev-10-2 cuda-nvml-dev-10-2 cuda-nvprof-10-2 cuda-nvprune-10-2
cuda-nvrtc-10-2 cuda-nvrtc-dev-10-2 cuda-nvtx-10-2 cuda-nvvp-10-2 cuda-runtime-10-2 cuda-samples-10-2 cuda-sanitizer-api-10-2
cuda-toolkit-10-2 cuda-tools-10-2 cuda-visual-tools-10-2 default-jre default-jre-headless fonts-dejavu-extra freeglut3 freeglut3-dev g++-8
java-common javascript-common libaccinj64-10.1 libatk-wrapper-java libatk-wrapper-java-jni libcublas-dev libcublas10 libcublaslt10 libcufft10
libcufftw10 libcuinj64-10.1 libcupti-dev libcupti-doc libcupti10.1 libcurand10 libcusolver10 libcusolvermg10 libcusparse10 libegl-dev
libgl-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libgles-dev libgles1 libglu1-mesa-dev libglvnd-dev libglx-dev libice-dev libjs-jquery libjs-underscore libncurses5
libnppc10 libnppial10 libnppicc10 libnppicom10 libnppidei10 libnppif10 libnppig10 libnppim10 libnppist10 libnppisu10 libnppitc10 libnpps10
libnvblas10 libnvgraph10 libnvidia-ml-dev libnvjpeg10 libnvrtc10.1 libnvtoolsext1 libnvvm3 libopengl-dev libopengl0 libpthread-stubs0-dev
libsm-dev libstdc++-8-dev libthrust-dev libtinfo5 libvdpau-dev libx11-dev libxau-dev libxcb1-dev libxdmcp-dev libxext-dev libxfixes-dev
libxi-dev libxmu-dev libxmu-headers libxt-dev node-html5shiv nsight-compute nsight-systems nvidia-modprobe nvidia-opencl-dev nvidia-profiler
nvidia-visual-profiler ocl-icd-opencl-dev opencl-c-headers openjdk-11-jre openjdk-11-jre-headless openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless
x11proto-core-dev x11proto-dev x11proto-input-dev x11proto-xext-dev xorg-sgml-doctools xtrans-dev
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libcublas10
The following packages will be upgraded:
libcublas10
1 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 5 not to upgrade.
11 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/42.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 35.8 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 190757 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libcublas10_10.2.2.89-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libcublas10 (10.2.2.89-1) over (10.1.243-3) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libcublas10_10.2.2.89-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvblas.so.10', which is also in package libnvblas10:amd64 10.1.243-3
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/libcublas10_10.2.2.89-1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我无法移除有问题的软件包，也无法修复损坏的软件包。
有什么办法可以摆脱这种困境吗？
答案1
运行命令：
sudo apt --fix-broken install -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite"