我只想知道如果我的 ISO 没有问题,是否只有 RSA 密钥,而没有 DSA 密钥。我运行了所有程序,当我检查 ISO 并使用 RSA 密钥进行验证时,它说 ISO 没有问题,但是没有 DSA 密钥是否可以,还是我应该做其他事情,或者我错过了什么?提前为格式和任何错误道歉,我是菜鸟。我在运行 WSL 的 Windows 10 家庭版上,当我在 Powershell 中检查版本时,它只是说:
Windows Subsystem for Linux Distributions:
Ubuntu (Default).
代码如下:
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --verify SHA256SUMS.gpg SHA256SUMS.txt (tried with and with out .txt)
gpg: Signature made Thu Apr 23 09:46:21 2020 EDT
gpg: using RSA key D94AA3F0EFE21092
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --keyserver khp://keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keshunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --keyserver khp://keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 0xD94AA3F0EFE21092
gpg: connecting dirmngr at '/home/shunix/.gnupg/S.dirmngr' failed: IPC connect call failed
gpg: keyserver receive failed: No dirmngr
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --verify SHA256SUMS.gpg SHA256SUMS
gpg: can't open signed data 'SHA256SUMS'
gpg: can't hash datafile: No such file or directory
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --verify SHA256SUMS.gpg SHA256SUMS.txt
gpg: Signature made Thu Apr 23 09:46:21 2020 EDT
gpg: using RSA key D94AA3F0EFE21092 (every example I've seen has an RSA and a DSA key that shows this is my main concern)_
gpg: Can't check signature: No public key
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 0XD94AA3F0EFE21092
gpg: "0XD94AA3F0EFE21092" not a key ID: skipping
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 0xD94AA3F0EFE21092
gpg: key D94AA3F0EFE21092: public key "Ubuntu CD Image Automatic Signing Key (2012) [email protected]" imported
gpg: can't connect to the agent: IPC connect call failed
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg: imported: 1
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --list-keys --with-fingerprint 0xD94AA3F0EFE21092
pub rsa4096/D94AA3F0EFE21092 2012-05-11 [SC]
Key fingerprint = 8439 38DF 228D 22F7 B374 2BC0 D94A A3F0 EFE2 1092
uid [ unknown] Ubuntu CD Image Automatic Signing Key (2012) [email protected]
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --verify SHA256SUMS.gpg SHA256SUMS
gpg: can't open signed data 'SHA256SUMS'
gpg: can't hash datafile: No such file or directory
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ gpg --keyid-format long --verify SHA256SUMS.gpg SHA256SUMS.txt
gpg: Signature made Thu Apr 23 09:46:21 2020 EDT
gpg: using RSA key D94AA3F0EFE21092
gpg: Good signature from "Ubuntu CD Image Automatic Signing Key (2012) [email protected]" [unknown]
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: 8439 38DF 228D 22F7 B374 2BC0 D94A A3F0 EFE2 1092
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ sha256sum ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso
e5b72e9cfe20988991c9cd87bde43c0b691e3b67b01f76d23f8150615883ce11 ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ sha256sum -c <(grep ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso SHA256SUMS)
grep: SHA256SUMS: No such file or directory
sha256sum: /dev/fd/63: no properly formatted SHA256 checksum lines found
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ sha256sum -c <(grep ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso SHA256SUMS.txt)
^[[A^[[
ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso: OK
shunix@DESKTOP-74T9H9J:/mnt/c/UBUNTU ISO CKSUM$ sha256sum -c <(grep ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso SHA256SUMS.txt)
ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso: OK
答案1
我想你可能会感到困惑。
RSA/DSA与……有关验证和加密。如果您尝试验证正直Ubuntu 的 ISO 可以通过比较校验和。
可以通过运行校验和对文件执行该函数并将结果与该文件的已发布校验和进行比较。
以下演示了校验和函数如何轻松确定文件是否已损坏或被更改。即使文件出现最轻微的错误或更改,也会导致校验和完全不同:
要验证 Ubuntu ISO:
获取已发布的校验和。
您可以使用以下方式导航到适当的版本:https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuHashes
假设我们正在检查 Ubuntu 20.04(
ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso
)。您将点击与“Ubuntu“, 然后 ”20.04“ (或者 ”焦点“)。然后,您将打开该文件SHA256SUMS
(或您正在使用的任何校验和算法),现在您可以看到文件名及其相关的校验和。对您下载的 ISO 运行校验和功能。
您可以使用终端执行此操作:
sha256sum /path/to/ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso
等待校验和生成,您将收到结果:
e5b72e9cfe20988991c9cd87bde43c0b691e3b67b01f76d23f8150615883ce11 ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso
将生成的校验和与发布的校验和进行比较:
您可以将每个文件复制粘贴到记事本中的不同行中。如果它们完全相同,那么您就可以确定该文件没有损坏。
e5b72e9cfe20988991c9cd87bde43c0b691e3b67b01f76d23f8150615883ce11 e5b72e9cfe20988991c9cd87bde43c0b691e3b67b01f76d23f8150615883ce11