因此，我自豪地首次更新了我的 Linux 发行版，但随后遇到了问题。我在 64 位计算机上运行 Ubuntu Unity 2D（通常）12.04（从今天起）。
确实，第一次升级——我通过更新管理器进行的升级——是没问题的（即使我对必须安装的 i386 软件包的数量感到惊讶）。
然后，我重新启用了因升级而被禁用的存储库并更新了我的系统。我被告知要执行“部分升级”，我照做了，但再次对安装的 i386 软件包数量感到惊讶，而且 LMMS (https://launchpad.net/lmms) 被删除的事实；Wine 等也正在更新，这可能是因为 LMMS 依赖于某些版本的 Wine（我只知道这一点，对于其余的我完全是菜鸟）。无论如何，这导致我找到了损坏的依赖项gstreamer0.10-plugins-good:i386和libasound2-plugins:i386。Synaptic 也不断尝试安装libjack-jackd2-0:i386，但每次都会出现错误。我不知道这一切是否与 Wine 或 LMMS 有关，但它也许可以提供帮助……
Synaptic要求我执行：' sudo apt-get -f install' 但显然失败了：
~$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libxml++2.6-2 librtaudio4 libx264-116 libfluidsynth1 lmms-common librtmidi1
wine-gecko1.4 wine-gecko1.4:i386 libffado2 stk libconfig++8 libstk0c2a
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
libjack-jackd2-0:i386
Suggested packages:
jackd2:i386
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libjack-jackd2-0:i386
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/202 kB of archives.
After this operation, 493 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
(Reading database ... 249517 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking libjack-jackd2-0:i386 (from .../libjack-jackd2-0_1.9.8~dfsg.2-1precise1_i386.deb) ...
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libjack-jackd2-0_1.9.8~dfsg.2-1precise1_i386.deb (--unpack):
'./usr/share/doc/libjack-jackd2-0/buildinfo.gz' is different from the same file on the system
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/libjack-jackd2-0_1.9.8~dfsg.2-1precise1_i386.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我必须通过 Synaptic 删除这些损坏的软件包吗？我想了解这个问题，因为我无法从软件中心安装任何新东西。谢谢大家！
答案1
libjack-jackd2-0这是软件包版本中的一个错误1.9.8~dfsg.2-1precise1（该版本从未在 Ubuntu 中发布过，一定是来自其他地方）。它声称是Multi-Arch: same，但该文件在不同架构之间有所不同。
您几乎肯定可以安全地删除/usr/share/doc/libjack-jackd2-0/buildinfo.gz，之后 APT 应该会很高兴：
sudo rm /usr/share/doc/libjack-jackd2-0/buildinfo.gz
答案2
我最终只是改名
/usr/share/doc/libjack-jackd2-0/
到
/usr/share/doc/libjack-jackd2-0.old
然后跑了
sudo apt-get -f install
很高兴看到，再也没有收到包裹破损的消息。
答案3
我可以改用 dpkg -P：sudo dpkg -P [package names...]
有些成功了；有些则失败了，因为其他包是使用这些包作为子依赖项来构建的。
因此我只是读取了 dpkg 因依赖而失败所吐出的列表，然后先清除了那些，最后清除了所有内容。
请注意，不是这个特定的包。但是，我遇到了同样的问题：令人沮丧的是，apt 和 apt-get 拒绝让我清除包，因为它们处于损坏状态，就像，你好？我正在尝试修复所述损坏状态！但是，我尝试使用 dpkg -P 进行同样的操作，并且成功了！
这是我的日志：
# man dpkg
# dpkg -P keepassxc libqt5x11extras5 libsodium23 libykpers-1-1 libyubikey0 libzxcvbn0
(Reading database ... 102160 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing keepassxc (2.3.1+dfsg.1-1) ...
Removing libqt5x11extras5:i386 (5.9.5-0ubuntu1) ...
Removing libsodium23:i386 (1.0.16-2) ...
Removing libykpers-1-1:i386 (1.18.0-1) ...
Removing libyubikey0 (1.13-2) ...
Removing libzxcvbn0:i386 (2.3+dfsg-2) ...
Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (1.9-2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.23-1ubuntu3.18.04.2) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.60ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
root@bodhi:/media/bodhi/philips2g/bodhidriverssoftware/software/keepass/XC#
root@bodhi:/media/bodhi/philips2g/bodhidriverssoftware/software/keepass/XC#
root@bodhi:/media/bodhi/philips2g/bodhidriverssoftware/software/keepass/XC#
#
#
# apt-get install keepassxc
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
keepassxc : Depends: libqt5x11extras5 (>= 5.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libsodium23 (>= 1.0.8) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libykpers-1-1 (>= 1.12.0) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libzxcvbn0 (>= 0.20150103) but it is not going to be installed
libqtcore4 : Depends: qtcore4-l10n but it is not going to be installed
libqtgui4 : Depends: libaudio2 but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libmng2 (>= 1.0.10) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libqt4-declarative (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: qt-at-spi but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
root@bodhi:/media/bodhi/philips2g/bodhidriverssoftware/software/keepass/XC#
#
#
# dpkg -P libqtcore4
dpkg: dependency problems prevent removal of libqtcore4:i386:
keepassx depends on libqtcore4 (>= 4:4.8.0).
libqtgui4:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1); however:
Package libqtcore4:i386 is to be removed.
dpkg: error processing package libqtcore4:i386 (--purge):
dependency problems - not removing
Errors were encountered while processing:
libqtcore4:i386
#
#
# dpkg -P keepassx
(Reading database ... 101804 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing keepassx (2.0.3-1) ...
Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (1.9-2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.23-1ubuntu3.18.04.2) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.60ubuntu1) ...
#
#
# dpkg -P libqtcore4
dpkg: dependency problems prevent removal of libqtcore4:i386:
libqtgui4:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1); however:
Package libqtcore4:i386 is to be removed.
dpkg: error processing package libqtcore4:i386 (--purge):
dependency problems - not removing
Errors were encountered while processing:
libqtcore4:i386
#
# dpkg -P libqtgui4
(Reading database ... 101607 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing libqtgui4:i386 (4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
root@bodhi:/media/bodhi/philips2g/bodhidriverssoftware/software/elaptopcheck# dpkg -P libqtcore4
(Reading database ... 101587 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing libqtcore4:i386 (4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1) ...
Purging configuration files for libqtcore4:i386 (4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
#
#
# @@@@@
# (testing if fixed yet...?)
# @@@@@
#
#
# apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 342 not upgraded.
已修复！（终于）
!!!!!! :D ^_^
。
。
。
。
答案4
您需要重新启用在升级时被禁用的 mediabuntu 存储库。至少对我来说，这有效。在 /etc/apt/sources.list.d 中找到引用 mediabuntu 的文件，编辑它（root），然后从行开头删除 # 符号。然后更新您的存储库并进行升级。我的问题解决了。