我从https://launchpad.net/unity-greeter。现在我想编译它以便能够将它安装在我的 Ubuntu 12.04 上。但是在编译时我遇到以下问题：
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hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~$ cd '/home/hejar/Downloads/unity-greeter-13.04.1'
hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~/Downloads/unity-greeter-13.04.1$ ./configure
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
checking whether gcc and cc understand -c and -o together... yes
checking for valac-0.18... no
checking for valac-0.16... /usr/bin/valac-0.16
checking /usr/bin/valac-0.16 is at least version 0.15.1... yes
checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... no
checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking pkg-config is at least version 0.16... yes
checking for UNITY_GREETER... no
****configure: error: Package requirements (
gtk+-3.0
gdk-x11-3.0
indicator3-0.4
liblightdm-gobject-1 >= 1.4.0
freetype2
cairo-ft
libcanberra
) were not met:****
Requested 'liblightdm-gobject-1 >= 1.4.0' but version of liblightdm-gobject is 1.2.3
Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.
Alternatively, you may set the environment variables UNITY_GREETER_CFLAGS
and UNITY_GREETER_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.
hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~/Downloads/unity-greeter-13.04.1$
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我尝试了sudo apt-get build-dep unity-greeter命令，然后重试./configure，但没有成功。我甚至尝试了sudo apt-get install --reinstall lightdm，然后sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity-greeter，然后sudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf将代码更改为“greeter-session=unity-greeter”，然后从终端运行，sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm然后从那里选择论坛中给出的“lightdm”http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2096409。
仍然卡住。有人能帮忙吗？有没有什么命令可以显示损坏的程序或软件包？有没有 PPA 可以解决这个问题？
实际上我并不是专家，到目前为止我得到的信息是：
hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~$ wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/lightdm_1.4.0.orig.tar.gz --2013-04-14 22:04:51-- https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/lightdm_1.4.0.orig.tar.gz Resolving launchpad.net (launchpad.net)... 91.189.89.223, 91.189.89.222 Connecting to launchpad.net (launchpad.net)|91.189.89.223|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily Location: https://launchpadlibrarian.net/118426353/lightdm_1.4.0.orig.tar.gz [following] --2013-04-14 22:04:52-- https://launchpadlibrarian.net/118426353/lightdm_1.4.0.orig.tar.gz Resolving launchpadlibrarian.net (launchpadlibrarian.net)... 91.189.89.229, 91.189.89.228 Connecting to launchpadlibrarian.net (launchpadlibrarian.net)|91.189.89.229|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 660979 (645K) [application/gzipped-tar] Saving to: `lightdm_1.4.0.orig.tar.gz'
100%[======================================>] 660,979 378K/s in 1.7s
2013-04-14 22:04:54 (378 KB/s) - `lightdm_1.4.0.orig.tar.gz' saved [660979/660979]
hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~$ wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff.gz --2013-04-14 22:05:14-- https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff.gz Resolving launchpad.net (launchpad.net)... 91.189.89.223, 91.189.89.222 Connecting to launchpad.net (launchpad.net)|91.189.89.223|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily Location: https://launchpadlibrarian.net/119217989/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff.gz [following] --2013-04-14 22:05:15-- https://launchpadlibrarian.net/119217989/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff.gz Resolving launchpadlibrarian.net (launchpadlibrarian.net)... 91.189.89.228, 91.189.89.229 Connecting to launchpadlibrarian.net (launchpadlibrarian.net)|91.189.89.228|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 49509 (48K) [text/plain] Saving to: `lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff.gz'
100%[======================================>] 49,509 105K/s in 0.5s
2013-04-14 22:05:17 (105 KB/s) - `lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff.gz' saved [49509/49509]
hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~$ wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.dsc --2013-04-14 22:05:36-- https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.dsc Resolving launchpad.net (launchpad.net)... 91.189.89.222, 91.189.89.223 Connecting to launchpad.net (launchpad.net)|91.189.89.222|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily Location: https://launchpadlibrarian.net/119217991/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.dsc [following] --2013-04-14 22:05:37-- https://launchpadlibrarian.net/119217991/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.dsc Resolving launchpadlibrarian.net (launchpadlibrarian.net)... 91.189.89.228, 91.189.89.229 Connecting to launchpadlibrarian.net (launchpadlibrarian.net)|91.189.89.228|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 1806 (1.8K) [text/x-debian-source-package] Saving to: `lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.dsc'
100%[======================================>] 1,806 --.-K/s in 0s
2013-04-14 22:05:38 (15.3 MB/s) - `lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.dsc' saved [1806/1806]
hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~$ tar xzf lightdm_1.4.0.orig.tar.gz hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~$ gunzip lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff.gz hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~$ patch -p0 < lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm-session patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.upstart patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/liblightdm-gobject-1-dev.install patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.prerm patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/guest-account patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/source_lightdm.py patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/compat patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/copyright patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.config patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/rules patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/changelog patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/liblightdm-gobject-1-doc.install patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.pam patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.postinst patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.dirs patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm-greeter-session patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.preinst patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.install patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.init patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.templates patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.lightdm-greeter.pam patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/liblightdm-gobject-1-0.symbols patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/liblightdm-qt-2-dev.install patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/gir1.2-lightdm-1.install patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.postrm patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/control patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/watch patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/liblightdm-gobject-1-0.install patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/liblightdm-qt-2-0.install patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/lightdm.lightdm-autologin.pam patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/tr.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/sk.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/de.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/ca.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/it.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/ru.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/pl.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/pothead.in patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/da.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/eu.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/POTFILES.in patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/ml.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/es.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/zh_CN.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/pt.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/cs.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/gl.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/ta.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/nl.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/templates.pot patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/fi.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/fr.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/ro.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/el.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/ja.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/sv.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/ko.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/pt_BR.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/po/vi.po patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/patches/04_language_options.patch patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/patches/02_disable_tests.patch patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/patches/03_launch_dbus.patch patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/patches/09_lp577919-fix-chromium-launch.patch patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/patches/05_add_xserver_core_option.patch patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/patches/series patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/patches/01_transition_ubuntu2d_ubuntu_desktop.patch patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/patches/08_lp1059510.patch patching file lightdm-1.4.0/debian/source/format hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~$ cd lightdm-1.4.0 hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~/lightdm-1.4.0$ debuild dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -D -us -uc dpkg-buildpackage: export CFLAGS from dpkg-buildflags (origin: vendor): -g -O2 -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Wformat-security dpkg-buildpackage: export CPPFLAGS from dpkg-buildflags (origin: vendor): -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 dpkg-buildpackage: export CXXFLAGS from dpkg-buildflags (origin: vendor): -g -O2 -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Wformat-security dpkg-buildpackage: export FFLAGS from dpkg-buildflags (origin: vendor): -g -O2 dpkg-buildpackage: export LDFLAGS from dpkg-buildflags (origin: vendor): -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro dpkg-buildpackage: source package lightdm dpkg-buildpackage: source version 1.4.0-0ubuntu2 dpkg-buildpackage: source changed by Michael Terry dpkg-source --before-build lightdm-1.4.0 dpkg-buildpackage: host architecture amd64 dpkg-checkbuilddeps: Unmet build dependencies: quilt libpam0g-dev gobject-introspection libgirepository1.0-dev gtk-doc-tools yelp-tools dpkg-buildpackage: warning: Build dependencies/conflicts unsatisfied; aborting. dpkg-buildpackage: warning: (Use -d flag to override.) debuild: fatal error at line 1350: dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -D -us -uc failed hejar@hejar-Studio-1555:~/lightdm-1.4.0$
您能解释一下如何debuild从包中安装吗devscripts？
答案1
看来该欢迎程序需要 LightDM 1.4 才能编译和运行，而 Ubuntu 12.04 正在运行 LightDM 1.2。
Ubuntu 12.04 没有 1.4 版的 LightDM ppa，所以你需要自己编译。也许最好的机会是从 Ubuntu 12.10 下载源包并构建它。
你这样做可能会破坏你的系统，所以要小心。Unity Greeter 也一样。不要从源代码编译，而是下载源包并编译。如果您开始破坏系统，通过撤消软件包安装/升级，恢复到正常状态会容易得多。以下是步骤：
下载 .tar.gz、.diff.gz 和 .dsc从启动板。然后，解压源并构建包：
wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/lightdm_1.4.0.orig.tar.gz
wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff.gz
wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.dsc
tar xzf lightdm_1.4.0.orig.tar.gz
gunzip lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff.gz
patch -p0 < lightdm_1.4.0-0ubuntu2.diff
cd lightdm-1.4.0
debuild
您可能需要debuild从包中安装devscripts另一个依赖项。
此过程完成后，您将获得一些可供安装在系统上的 LightDM .deb 包。
您可能还会遇到其他依赖版本问题，并且可能还需要使用此方法编译其他包。