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USB Wifi 适配器未连接到 AP (CLI)

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USB Wifi 适配器未连接到 AP (CLI)

我最近设置了一个基于 armhf 的板，并且其网络配置遇到了这个问题。现在它连接了一个 TP-Link USB WiFi 适配器，似乎我能够连接到我的 WiFi，但是当我拔下以太网电缆时，我无法使用我在 中配置的 IP 地址连接到开发板/etc/network/interfaces。我也检查了接入点，但根据它，我的设备从未通过 WiFi 连接到它。

我有点迷失了，因为根据统计数据，它似乎运行得很好。这是我到目前为止所拥有的：

$ tail -n [changes] /var/log/syslog

Mar 30 23:09:24 localhost kernel: [  830.968410] sun7i-dwmac 1c50000.ethernet eth0: Link is Down
Mar 30 23:09:50 localhost kernel: [  856.968094] sun7i-dwmac 1c50000.ethernet eth0: Link is Up - 100Mbps/Full - flow control rx/tx

连接似乎已启动并正在运行

$ iw wlan0 link
      Connected to xx:67:5x:e1:9f:af (on wlan0)
      SSID: UPCA887FD1
      freq: 2452
      RX: 187653 bytes (1131 packets)
      TX: 500 bytes (6 packets)
      signal: -48 dBm
      tx bitrate: 57.8 MBit/s MCS 5 short GI

      bss flags:    short-slot-time
      dtim period:  1
      beacon int:   100


$ iwconfig
      eth0      no wireless extensions.



      wlan0     IEEE 802.11  ESSID:"nietwurk"
      Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.452 GHz  Access Point: xx:67:5x:e1:9f:af
      Bit Rate=72.2 Mb/s   Tx-Power=20 dBm
      Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
      Encryption key:off
      Power Management:off
      Link Quality=66/70  Signal level=-44 dBm
      Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
      Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0

      lo        no wireless extensions.


$ ifconfig 

      ...
      wlan0   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 64:70:02:0e:10:99
              inet addr:192.168.0.35  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
              UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
              RX packets:4494 errors:0 dropped:2 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:11 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
              RX bytes:498743 (487.0 KiB)  TX bytes:1338 (1.3 KiB)



$ ifup -vvv wlan0
    Configuring interface wlan0=wlan0 (inet)
    run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-pre-up.d
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/bridge
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/ethtool
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/hostapd
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/ifenslave
    + [ inet = meta ]
    + IF_BOND_SLAVES=
    + [  ]
    + [  ]
    + [ -z  ]
    + exit
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/vlan
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wireless-tools
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wpasupplicant
    wpa_supplicant: wpa-driver nl80211,wext (default)
    wpa_supplicant: /sbin/wpa_supplicant -s -B -P /run/wpa_supplicant.wlan0.pid -i wlan0 -D nl80211,wext -C /run/wpa_supplicant
    Starting /sbin/wpa_supplicant...
    wpa_supplicant: creating sendsigs omission pidfile: /run/sendsigs.omit.d/wpasupplicant.wpa_supplicant.wlan0.pid
    wpa_supplicant: ctrl_interface socket located at /run/wpa_supplicant/wlan0
    wpa_supplicant: configuring network block -- 0
    wpa_supplicant: wpa-ssid "nietwurk" -- OK
    wpa_supplicant: wpa-psk ***** -- OK
    wpa_supplicant: enabling network block 0 -- OK
    ip addr add 192.168.0.35/255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255    dev wlan0 label wlan0
    ip link set dev wlan0   up

    run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-up.d
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/ethtool
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/ifenslave
    + [ inet = meta ]
    + [  ]
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/ip
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/mountnfs
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/openssh-server
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/upstart
    run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/wpasupplicant

/etc/network/interfaces

allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.35
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        wpa-ssid nietwurk
        wpa-psk <the psk, not in quotes>
        wireless-mode Managed

有任何想法吗？

答案1

  1. 限制 /etc/network/interfaces 的权限，以防止预共享密钥 (PSK) 泄露（或者在较新的 Debian 版本上使用单独的配置文件，例如 /etc/network/interfaces.d/wlan0）：

    chmod 0600 /etc/network/interfaces

  2. 通过更改以下示例，使用 WPA 密码计算 SSID 的正确 WPA PSK 哈希值：

    wpa_passphrase myssid my_very_secret_passphrase

如果您未在命令行中输入密码，系统会提示您输入密码。上述命令给出输出：

network={
    ssid="myssid"
    #psk="my_very_secret_passphrase"
    psk=ccb290fd4fe6b22935cbae31449e050edd02ad44627b16ce0151668f5f53c01b
}

您需要从“psk=”复制到该行的末尾，以放入您的 /etc/network/interfaces 文件中。

  1. 在文本编辑器中打开 /etc/network/interfaces ：

    nano /etc/network/interfaces

  2. 为您的无线接口定义适当的节，以及 SSID 和 PSK HASH。例如：

auto wlan0 iface wlan0 inet dhcp wpa-ssid myssid wpa-psk ccb290fd4fe6b22935cbae31449e050edd02ad44627b16ce0151668f5f53c01b

“auto”节将在系统启动时打开您的界面。如果不需要，请删除或注释此行。

  1. 保存文件并退出编辑器。

  2. 打开你的界面。这将启动 wpa_supplicant 作为后台进程。

    # ifup wlan0

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