Usage:

Usage:

我错误地备份到 NTFS 驱动器。恢复后所有权限都设置为777。

我修复了一些重要文件,例如 sudo 和 su。我现在无法重新安装,因为我的互联网连接受到限制,至少在接下来的一周内。

我记得pacman以gzipped格式存储每个包的mtree文件中与文件相关的元数据。我尝试用这个公用事业但似乎 bsdtar mtree 格式有问题,所以我决定编写自己的 bash 脚本,它只是 chmods 文件。

这是acl的mtree供参考 -

gzip -cd /var/lib/pacman/local/acl-2.2.52-3/mtree

输出 -

#mtree
/set type=file uid=0 gid=0 mode=644
./.BUILDINFO time=1478441026.526890249 size=3111 md5digest=80956213c6346f28d8f1b5a9165b952d sha256digest=5e56cab859054c2ca7759cbe50adbc0b6352f78fad3b051bb9174f3bf17f9c21
./.PKGINFO time=1478441026.513556943 size=434 md5digest=8e7df6a965b196aa5564786f022d068d sha256digest=504c99ff77ddb0d2847d7e8c85f637ad78edd78db3ee91a6b491bee5884ebb22
/set mode=755
./usr time=1478441025.433559189 type=dir
./usr/bin time=1478441026.323557338 type=dir
./usr/bin/chacl time=1478441026.323557338 size=14672 md5digest=69332d6d57c153ad21ecf1c09381363d sha256digest=faafbb9420403fb13d4207e986ee0ba940a97b1feb3fcde453669912afeaa340
./usr/bin/getfacl time=1478441026.313557360 size=23680 md5digest=ef23d3c7676198e08d71530c58f44026 sha256digest=f22b3fd68e46d767e7f255be7427cebde9f7539357b2625fade7fa86fbb60743
./usr/bin/setfacl time=1478441026.320224012 size=36224 md5digest=9f6a5f7ddcb08b787b39bcfda4047828 sha256digest=4ac33e394ec50676af4015498fecc867802de3f14f7a589c7d972fcc2b720b4d
./usr/include time=1478441025.466892453 type=dir
./usr/include/acl time=1478441025.473559107 type=dir
./usr/include/acl/libacl.h time=1478441025.473559107 mode=644 size=2590 md5digest=9cd8a73452e0cf899928b27b20b02d6e sha256digest=21366c9f8ffe4018cc3753a73e0c81f0c54102435031de8f5325675f55a42bf2
./usr/include/sys time=1478441025.460225800 type=dir
./usr/include/sys/acl.h time=1478441025.460225800 mode=644 size=3755 md5digest=8ea51961753fc1da4cae7fd48d2068c0 sha256digest=287dbc9269df3fe9e6b0a1dc6c0aac8e90b925867bf235a554a02414f6fcedfd
/set mode=777
./usr/lib time=1478441025.996891351 mode=755 type=dir
./usr/lib/libacl.so time=1478441025.483559085 type=link link=libacl.so.1
./usr/lib/libacl.so.1 time=1478441025.463559127 type=link link=libacl.so.1.1.0
./usr/lib/libacl.so.1.1.0 time=1478441025.996891351 mode=644 size=35456 md5digest=3e5e200ae58fdf7f4558ef863b11d9a6 sha256digest=f8c7e1c06646c5d46725cbc4d0c7290b35d4d2c4203df2a0ccb42e7635be6ce6
/set mode=755
./usr/share time=1478441025.353559356 type=dir

为简洁起见进行了修剪。

我的做法是这样的 -

  1. 逐行读取此输出
  2. 如果我们遇到“/set mode=”行,则解析 mode 的值
  3. 解析文件名并继续 chmodding。
  4. 如果文件具有单独模式,请使用该模式而不是全局模式。

所以,对于第一步(逐行阅读)我做了 -

file = "$1"
while read var
    do
        echo "$var"
    done < "$file"

但这给了我

=: cannot open `=' (No such file or directory)
:  cannot open `' (No such file or directory)
./test: line 5: : No such file or directory

任何帮助是极大的赞赏。

答案1

因为我想为这个问题提供帮助,所以我编写了一些 Bash 脚本来修复基于 MTREE 的文件权限......

curl https://xgit.ddns.net/ergotamin/ShellScripting/raw/master/fix-permissions \
>fix-permissions && chmod 0775 fix-permissions

Usage:

fix-permissions --all -- to fix all permissions of whole FS fix-permission "/var/lib/pacman/local/PKGNAME -- to fix only this mtree

无关:

这里:点击我你可以找到一个用 C 编码的解决方案,它比 Bash 版本快得多......

用法:

use-mtree /path/to/*/mtree

源代码可用这里...这里(所需的标题可在我的网站上找到):

/******************************************* * ! Copyright (C)2018 * ! Marcel Bobolz * * $ Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, * $ are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright * $ notice and this notice are preserved. This file is offered as-is, * $ without any warranty. * * * @ Code-Information : * * => % MTree-Parser * *******************************************/ #include <xstdarchive.h>

__attribute__((flatten)) __bool_t main(__i32_t ArgC, __charr_t ArgV){ ArgC--; ArgV++; __u64_t BytesRead = ZERO; static __file_t PFile; static __uch_t MTreeBuf[BUF1MB]; foreach(ArgV){ ((PFile = popen(StrForm("%s%s", "gzip -cd ", *ArgV), "r")) == NULL) ? \ (exit(ERROR)) : (BytesRead = fread(MTreeBuf, ONE, BUF1MB - ONE, PFile)); (BytesRead > ZERO) ? (pclose(PFile)) : (exit(ERROR)); MTreeBuf[BytesRead] = ZERO; ArchiveListArchive(((__str_t)MTreeBuf), 'x'); memset(MTreeBuf, ZERO, BUF1MB); PFile = NU(__file_t); } return(SUCCESS); }

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