几周前，我就想在电脑上安装 Skype。我原以为这会是一个简单的任务，但现在却变成了一场噩梦。
到目前为止我已经尝试过：
使用 apt 从命令行安装
最简单的一个，也是最有可能有人尝试的一个：
sudo apt-get install skype
但不幸的是我得到了这个：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed.
This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are
using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not
yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following
information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
skype :
Depends:
skype-bin
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
如果我尝试，sudo apt-get intall skype-bin我会得到：
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or
been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to
resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies: skype-bin:i386 :
Depends: libqt4-dbus:i386 (>= 4:4.5.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libqt4-network:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libqt4-xml:i386 (>= 4:4.5.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (>= 4:4.7.0~beta1) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libqtgui4:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libqtwebkit4:i386 (>= 2.2~2011week36) but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: sni-qt:i386 but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
之后，我尝试使用sudo apt-get clean、、和等命令来修复任何与包依赖性sudo apt-get update有关的问题，但完全没有成功。sudo apt-get autocleansudo apt-get -f install
我已遵循此处说明的说明（如何安装 Skype？），但它也不起作用。
从软件中心安装
sudo apt-get install skype如果我尝试从软件中心安装，我会得到与从终端运行完全相同的错误。
使用 Ubuntu Tweak 安装
也失败了，出现以下错误：
skype：依赖：skype-bin，但它是一个虚拟包。
使用 Synaptic 安装
我也遵循了此处描述的说明：
community.skype.com/t5 / Linux / 由于未满足依赖性而无法安装-Skype-bin/mp/1339650/highlight/true#M3329
大部分相同的，也不起作用。
安装官方 Skype .deb
下载后skype-ubuntu-precise_4.1.0.20-1_i386.deb从http://www.skype.com/en/download-skype/skype-for-linux/downloading/?type=ubuntu64我尝试通过软件中心安装它但它显示以下错误：
无法安装‘lbqt4-dbus:i386’
尝试修复 apt
我尝试按照这篇文章的说明修复任何可能存在的软件包问题（添加 PPA 后如何解决未满足的依赖关系？），但没有作用。
按照 Ubuntu 帮助说明操作
如果我尝试按照https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype我在运行时遇到问题sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386，出现以下信息：
dpkg：错误：未知选项--add-architecture
我也尝试过其他方法，按照我找到的其他帖子和解决方案，但这些方法对我都不起作用。现在我完全迷路了，不知道还能做什么。我希望有人能想出解决办法。
这是我的 sources.list 的内容，以防万一：
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20130213)]/ dists/precise/main/binary-i386/
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20130213)]/ dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20130213)]/ precise main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates multiverse
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
# deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
# deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ precise partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ precise partner
答案1
Gx1sptDTDa 和 Alejandro García Seco 的组合对我来说效果很好。
- 打开终端（Ctrl++ Alt）T。
将其复制并粘贴到终端：
sudo apt-get install libqt4-dbus:i386 libqt4-network:i386 libqt4-xml:i386 libqtcore4:i386 libqtgui4:i386 libqtwebkit4:i386 sni-qt:i386按Enter。
然后通过粘贴以下内容安装 Skype：
sudo apt-get install skype
Skype 4.2 在我全新的 Ubuntu 12.04 LTE 64 位上运行。
答案2
>> 32位
终端命令：
wget http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb
sudo apt-get -f install;rm skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb
>> 64位
终端命令：
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs
sudo apt-get update
wget http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb
sudo apt-get -f install;rm skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb
完成所有这些操作后，在终端中运行sudo apt-get install sni-qt:i386；这将恢复 Skype 联系人窗口
就这样，最多 5 分钟就完成了。我使用 64 位 Ubuntu，这种安装 Skype 的方法总是完美无缺。
答案3
好的，我找到了解决问题的方法。我按照此处描述的步骤操作：http://rumytaulu.wordpress.com/2012/10/26/cant-install-ia32-libs-and-ia32-libs-multiarch-how-to-fix-it/
之后，我只需运行sudo apt-get install skype...瞧，它就成功了！
我必须说这会产生负面影响。sudo apt-get dist-upgrade按照第三步所述运行后，如果我运行，我会得到以下结果sudo apt-get autoremove：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up grub-efi-amd64 (1.99-21ubuntu3.9) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/grub-efi-amd64.postinst: line 684: grub-install: command not found
dpkg: error processing grub-efi-amd64 (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of grub-efi-amd64-signed:
grub-efi-amd64-signed depends on grub-efi-amd64 (>= 1.99-21ubuntu3.5); however:
Package grub-efi-amd64 is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing grub-efi-amd64-signed (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
grub-efi-amd64
grub-efi-amd64-signed
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
幸运的是，一切都运行良好，但现在我想修复 Grub 软件包的问题，特别是因为它与非常关键的 Grub 相关。我只是想知道我是否还能在启动计算机时发现更多意外问题……
好吧，如果我设法修复了这个不良后果，我会更新此答案。如果有人知道如何修复，请告诉我。
更新：
我设法解决了 GRUB 包的问题，这里描述了该问题和解决方案：无法修复损坏的包装系统
答案4
我发现了一个非常简单的方法。只需在终端中运行以下命令：
sudo apt-get install libqt4-dbus:i386 libqt4-network:i386 libqt4-xml:i386 libqtcore4:i386 libqtgui4:i386 libqtwebkit4:i386 sni-qt:i386
wget http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-debian_4.2.0.13-1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i skype-debian_4.2.0.13-1_i386.deb
第一个下载依赖项，第二个下载 .deb 包，最后一个安装它。很简单！