桌面启动器文档？

Question 1

.desktop 文件规范如下： http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/

.desktop 文件的示例如下：

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Foo Viewer
Comment=The best viewer for Foo objects available!
TryExec=fooview
Exec=fooview %F
Icon=fooview
MimeType=image/x-foo;
NotShowIn=KDE;

.desktop 文件可以通过指定语言来集成翻译：

Name=Foo Viewer
Name[en_GB]=Foo Viewer
Name[el_GR]=Φου Βιούερ

如果您想将 Unity 子菜单添加到 Unity 面板图标，则可以创建一个桌面文件。以下是来自http://maketecheasier.com/8-really-useful-ubuntu-unity-quicklists/2011/05/07

首先复制原始的 .desktop 文件并使用您最喜欢的文本编辑器打开它：

cp /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop ~/.local/share/applications
gedit ~/.local/share/applications/firefox.desktop

然后编辑文件：

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Firefox Web Browser
GenericName=Web Browser
Exec=firefox %u
Terminal=false
X-MultipleArgs=false
Type=Application
Icon=firefox
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Network;WebBrowser;
MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml+xml;application/xml;application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml;application/rss+xml;application/rdf+xml;image/gif;image/jpeg;image/png;x-scheme-handler/http;x-scheme-handler/https;x-scheme-handler/ftp;x-scheme-handler/chrome;video/webm;
StartupWMClass=Firefox
StartupNotify=true
X-Ayatana-Desktop-Shortcuts=NewWindow;Private;Safe;ProfileManager;MakeTechEasier

Name[en_US]=Firefox Web Browser

[NewWindow Shortcut Group]
Name=Open a New Window
Exec=firefox -new-window
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Private Shortcut Group]
Name=Private Mode
Exec=firefox -private-toggle
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Safe Shortcut Group]
Name=Safe Mode
Exec=firefox -safe-mode
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[ProfileManager Shortcut Group]
Name=Start Profile Manager
Exec=firefox -ProfileManager
TargetEnvironment=Unity

现在运行nautilus ~/.local/share/applications/并将您新创建的“Firefox”统一桌面文件拖放到统一栏中。

Answer

.desktop 文件规范如下： http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/