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互联网连接设备不一致（eth0 eth1 eth2）

tag-icon • tag-icon networking ethernet ifconfig
互联网连接设备不一致（eth0 eth1 eth2）

我正在运行 Ubuntu 12.04，据我所知，我的机器（戴尔笔记本电脑）上只有 1 个网卡 --- 我无法想象为什么会有超过 1 个。

有时我的互联网连接通过设备 运行eth1，有时通过 运行eth2。eth0有时也可能如此。我不太在意使用哪个设备名称，但我做确保它始终是一样的。

（由于我总是通过无线连接，根据我使用 Ubuntu 10.04 的经验，我预计连接将通过wlanX设备运行，但是，就像我说的，只要名称一致，名称并不重要）。

正在运行ifconfig返回：

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 5c:26:0a:16:e4:31  
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
          Interrupt:22 Memory:f6fe0000-f7000000 

eth2      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:25:56:b2:16:3e  
          inet addr:192.168.1.78  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::225:56ff:feb2:163e/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:9970442 errors:1 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:2735811
          TX packets:7466676 errors:501 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:1991253521 (1.9 GB)  TX bytes:594939490 (594.9 MB)
          Interrupt:17 Base address:0xc000 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:2634 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2634 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:287326 (287.3 KB)  TX bytes:287326 (287.3 KB)

内容/etc/network/interfaces如下：

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

运行ifconfig并查看内容后/etc/network/interfaces，我编辑/etc/network/interfaces并输入# /etc/init.d/networking restart

现在，的内容/etc/network/interfaces是：

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

现在运行ifconfig将返回（其中XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX和YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY不是实际地址）：

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 5c:26:0a:16:e4:31  
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
          Interrupt:22 Memory:f6fe0000-f7000000 

eth2      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:25:56:b2:16:3e  
          inet addr:192.168.1.78  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::225:56ff:feb2:163e/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:10329105 errors:1 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:2751349
          TX packets:7712653 errors:609 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:2531013388 (2.5 GB)  TX bytes:614377694 (614.3 MB)
          Interrupt:17 Base address:0xc000 

eth0:avahi Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 5c:26:0a:16:e4:31  
          inet addr:XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX  Bcast:YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY  Mask:255.255.0.0
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          Interrupt:22 Memory:f6fe0000-f7000000 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:2751 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2751 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:303844 (303.8 KB)  TX bytes:303844 (303.8 KB)

所以，我的问题是：我所做的更改是否/etc/network/interfaces会强制互联网连接始终通过设备 运行eth0，或至少始终以设备为别名eth0？如果不是，那么在撤消对 的更改后/etc/network/interfaces，我该怎么做才能始终将互联网连接设备称为eth0？

[根据请求添加如下。]

其内容/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules为：

# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.

# PCI device 0x8086:/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:19.0 (e1000e)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="5c:26:0a:16:e4:31", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"

# PCI device 0x14e4:/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.1/0000:0c:00.0/ssb0:0 (b43-pci-bridge)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:25:56:b2:16:3e", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="wlan*", NAME="wlan0"

# PCI device 0x14e4:/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.1/0000:0c:00.0 (wl)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:25:56:b2:16:3e", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1"

# PCI device 0x14e4:/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.1/0000:0c:00.0 (wl)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:25:56:b2:16:3e", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth2"

答案1

设备名称会为每个不同的硬件自动分配。看到“HWaddr”条目了吗？每个条目都是不同的 MAC 地址。系统会存储并记住您拥有的每个硬件，以便每个硬件都有不同的标签，并且可以被识别为不同的设备。

如果您使用多个硬件，我认为您无法将其设置为让所有设备都为“eth0”。但是，您可以更改每个接口上的标签（请小心操作）。

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