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使用静态 MAC 地址到 IP 映射进行 Internet 共享

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使用静态 MAC 地址到 IP 映射进行 Internet 共享

我可以在我的 ubuntu 14.04 和另一台机器之间创建一个网络，方法是在我的 ubuntu 机器和第二台机器之间连接以太网电缆，然后将“IPv4”设置为“共享到其他计算机”。创建的网络的 IP 类似于 10.42.0.x。我这样做不是为了共享互联网，而是为了在两台机器之间创建一个网络，而且效果很好。

为了让两台机器使用主机名相互寻址，我会用各自的 IP 编辑它们的 /etc/hosts。我希望这更简单，使用现代路由器中的 MAC 到 IP 映射。实现此目的的最简单方法是什么？

答案1

通常，基于 MAC 的 IP 地址分配是通过DHCP 服务器及其配置文件/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf。以下示例为访客保留一个 IP 地址池，其余 IP 地址则根据 MA​​C 分配：

# The ddns-updates-style parameter controls whether or not the server will
# attempt to do a DNS update when a lease is confirmed. We default to the
# behavior of the version 2 packages ('none', since DHCP v2 didn't
# have support for DDNS.)
ddns-update-style none;

# option definitions common to all supported networks...

default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 93000;
option domain-name "xxxxxx.com";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.111.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option broadcast-address 192.168.111.255;
option routers 192.168.111.1;

# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
authoritative;

# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
log-facility local7;

# The Basic DHCP allocated addresses

subnet 192.168.111.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 192.168.111.3 192.168.111.50;
}

# Some specifically declared static IP addresses

host Wireless-R {
  hardware ethernet 00:22:6B:82:01:55;
  fixed-address 192.168.111.57;
}

host Doug-XPS {
  hardware ethernet 00:23:4d:a6:ed:c4;
  fixed-address 192.168.111.100;
}

host Doug-XPS {
  hardware ethernet 00:23:4d:a6:ed:c4;
  fixed-address 192.168.111.100;
}

host Doug-XPS2 {
  hardware ethernet 00:21:9B:F9:21:26;
  fixed-address 192.168.111.101;
}

host S10 {
  hardware ethernet A0:F3:C1:10:22:EA;
  fixed-address 192.168.111.102;
}

或者，如果您更喜欢使用 dnsmasq，或者已经默认使用它，您可以通过/etc/dnsmasq.confvia 指定 MAC：

doug-xps=00:23:4d:a6:ed:c4,192.168.111.100

免责声明：我实际上并不熟悉 dnsmasq，但 DHCP 示例直接来自我的系统。

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