我在控制台上有以下消息
他们说：
ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
ata1.00: error: { UNC }
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1476687273
usbhid 6-1.2.3:1.1: couldn't find an input interrupt endpoint
ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
ata1.00: irq_stat 0x40000001
ata1.00: failed command: READ DMA EXT
等等。
问题是：
1) 这个错误是什么意思？这是否只是意味着扇区表面有坏点？
2) 我可以修复损坏的表面吗？驱动器几乎是空的，我看不出有任何理由将其丢弃。
3）为什么扇区号经常相同？（有时会出现不同的扇区号）
4) 为什么这个错误不总是出现，而可能只是在我打开 KVM 切换器时出现？（命令行提示符向上滚动不远时可以看到）
5) USB 是如何关联的？它只是插入了不相关的消息吗？
我曾尝试fsck通过创建
touch /forcefsck
并且还跑了
smartctl -t long
没有明显的结果。这是什么意思：
$ sudo smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.19.0-56-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 23618 1476686720
# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 23618 1476686720
？
还
$ sudo smartctl -i /dev/sda
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.19.0-56-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.11
Device Model: ST31500341AS
Serial Number: 9VS12GGW
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 010dd79ef
Firmware Version: CC1H
User Capacity: 1,500,301,910,016 bytes [1.50 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is: Sat Mar 26 14:27:30 2016 MSK
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
更新
$ sudo smartctl -A /dev/sda
[sudo] password for dims:
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.19.0-56-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 088 088 006 Pre-fail Always - 56870243
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 100 095 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 91
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 087 087 036 Pre-fail Always - 560
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 080 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 115544838
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 073 073 000 Old_age Always - 23658
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 86
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 1115
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 096 000 Old_age Always - 4295032845
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 066 066 000 Old_age Always - 34
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 054 051 045 Old_age Always - 46 (Min/Max 43/48)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 046 049 000 Old_age Always - 46 (0 22 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 026 021 000 Old_age Always - 56870243
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 90
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 90
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 1
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 21590800620263
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1672609860
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 2887754751
答案1
您的驱动器出现故障，并且可能无法修复。
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 23618 1476686720
# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 23618 1476686720
这意味着当您使用 运行自检时smartctl -t long，结果是读取驱动器约 10% 时失败。它不会在命令中告诉您结果smartctl -t，因为这会占用您的终端几个小时 - 它应该告诉您如何访问结果。
继续使用该驱动器可能会导致数据无声损坏或完全失效。我强烈建议更换它。