我在 MiniPC 上安装了 Ubuntu Server 16.4，配有 RT3090 无线网卡。起初，WiFi 无法使用。
lshw -c network
....
*-network DISABLED
description: Wireless interface
product: RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe
vendor: Ralink
发现建议将这些模块列入黑名单：
#Z Copied from http://askubuntu.com/questions/478018/ralink-rt3090-in-ubuntu-14-04-very-bad-reception-keeps-disconnecting
blacklist rt2800usb
blacklist rt2x00lib
blacklist rt2x00pci
blacklist rt2x00usb
blacklist rt2800mmio
blacklist rt2x00m
据我所记得，那时 - 烦恼DISABLED就消失了。我甚至设法用 手动连接到 WiFi wpa_supplicant。然后我安装了几个软件包，例如NetworkManager，尝试使连接自动进行 - 然后我失去了 WiFi :-( 我删除了NetworkManager，假设它造成了一些冲突。
现在，lshw网络中DISABLED又出现了。
已尝试rfkill-我不确定，但对我来说似乎还可以：
$ rfkill list all
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
- 在 WiFi 已经正常工作之后，什么可能导致其被禁用？
在 中dmesg，我现在看到了这个：
[ 8.519249] rt2800pci 0000:02:00.0 wlp2s0: renamed from wlan0
- 这是否意味着rt2800pci是不是列入黑名单？
搜索了一下/var/log/kern.log
，发现了一些有趣的事情：
Nov 2 23:06:27 ubuntu-maty kernel: [ 730.827229] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Loading firmware file 'rt2860.bin'
Nov 2 23:06:27 ubuntu-maty kernel: [ 730.828681] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Firmware detected - version: 0.34
Nov 2 23:06:27 ubuntu-maty kernel: [ 730.920573] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlp2s0: link is not ready
Nov 2 23:11:50 ubuntu-maty kernel: [ 1053.650997] wlp2s0: authenticate with 38:d5:47:1e:60:a0
Nov 2 23:11:50 ubuntu-maty kernel: [ 1053.682302] wlp2s0: send auth to 38:d5:47:1e:60:a0 (try 1/3)
Nov 2 23:11:50 ubuntu-maty kernel: [ 1053.684214] wlp2s0: authenticated
看来这是 WiFi 为我工作的时间 - 并且它已加载rt2860.bin- 没有进一步提及。
- 我如何返回
rt2860.bin？
编辑
添加wireless-info脚本的输出：
########## wireless info START ##########
Report from: 03 Nov 2016 01:30 IST +0200
Booted last: 03 Nov 2016 00:00 IST +0200
Script from: 08 Jul 2016 02:16 UTC +0000
##### release ###########################
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS
Release: 16.04
Codename: xenial
##### kernel ############################
Linux 4.4.0-45-generic #66-Ubuntu SMP Wed Oct 19 14:12:37 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Parameters: ro
##### desktop ###########################
sed: can't read /home/zvika/.dmrc: No such file or directory
Could not be determined.
##### lspci #############################
01:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 06)
Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:0123]
Kernel driver in use: r8169
02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Ralink corp. RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe [1814:3090]
Subsystem: Ralink corp. RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe [1814:3090]
Kernel driver in use: rt2800pci
##### lsusb #############################
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 007: ID 090c:1000 Silicon Motion, Inc. - Taiwan (formerly Feiya Technology Corp.) Flash Drive
Bus 001 Device 006: ID 045e:0780 Microsoft Corp. Comfort Curve Keyboard 3000
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 045e:077b Microsoft Corp.
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0424:2514 Standard Microsystems Corp. USB 2.0 Hub
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic, Inc. Hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0658:0200 Sigma Designs, Inc.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
##### PCMCIA card info ##################
'pccardctl' is not installed (package "pcmciautils").
##### rfkill ############################
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
##### lsmod #############################
rt2800pci 16384 0
rt2800mmio 20480 1 rt2800pci
rt2800lib 94208 2 rt2800pci,rt2800mmio
rt2x00pci 16384 1 rt2800pci
rt2x00mmio 16384 2 rt2800pci,rt2800mmio
rt2x00lib 57344 5 rt2x00pci,rt2800lib,rt2800pci,rt2800mmio,rt2x00mmio
mac80211 737280 3 rt2x00lib,rt2x00pci,rt2800lib
cfg80211 565248 2 mac80211,rt2x00lib
eeprom_93cx6 16384 1 rt2800pci
crc_ccitt 16384 1 rt2800lib
snd_soc_rt5670 126976 0
snd_soc_rl6231 16384 1 snd_soc_rt5670
snd_soc_core 212992 2 snd_soc_rt5670,snd_soc_sst_mfld_platform
snd_pcm 106496 8 snd_soc_rt5670,snd_soc_core,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_soc_sst_mfld_platform,snd_pcm_dmaengine,snd_hda_core
##### interfaces ########################
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto enp1s0
iface enp1s0 inet dhcp
##### ifconfig ##########################
enp1s0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr <MAC 'enp1s0' [IF1]>
inet addr:192.168.1.191 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::<IP6 'enp1s0' [IF1]>/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2115 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1628 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:214067 (214.0 KB) TX bytes:254823 (254.8 KB)
wlp2s0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr <MAC 'wlp2s0' [IF2]>
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
##### iwconfig ##########################
lo no wireless extensions.
enp1s0 no wireless extensions.
wlp2s0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/any
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=0 dBm
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
##### route #############################
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 enp1s0
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 enp1s0
##### resolv.conf #######################
nameserver 192.168.1.1
##### network managers ##################
Installed:
None found.
Running:
None found.
##### NetworkManager info ###############
NetworkManager is not installed (package "network-manager").
##### NetworkManager.state ##############
[main]
NetworkingEnabled=true
WirelessEnabled=true
WWANEnabled=true
##### NetworkManager.conf ###############
[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono
dns=dnsmasq
[ifupdown]
managed=false
##### NetworkManager profiles ###########
[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/YairHatal]] (600 root)
[connection] id=YairHatal | type=wifi | permissions=user:zvika:;
[wifi] mac-address=<MAC 'wlp2s0' [IF2]> | mac-address-blacklist= | ssid=YairHatal
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto
##### iw reg get ########################
Region: Asia/Jerusalem (based on set time zone)
country 00: DFS-UNSET
(2402 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 20), (N/A)
(2457 - 2482 @ 40), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-IR
(2474 - 2494 @ 20), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-OFDM, NO-IR
(5170 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-IR
(5250 - 5330 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), DFS, NO-IR
(5490 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), DFS, NO-IR
(5735 - 5835 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-IR
(57240 - 63720 @ 2160), (N/A, 0), (N/A)
##### iwlist channels ###################
lo no frequency information.
enp1s0 no frequency information.
wlp2s0 14 channels in total; available frequencies :
Channel 01 : 2.412 GHz
Channel 02 : 2.417 GHz
Channel 03 : 2.422 GHz
Channel 04 : 2.427 GHz
Channel 05 : 2.432 GHz
Channel 06 : 2.437 GHz
Channel 07 : 2.442 GHz
Channel 08 : 2.447 GHz
Channel 09 : 2.452 GHz
Channel 10 : 2.457 GHz
Channel 11 : 2.462 GHz
Channel 12 : 2.467 GHz
Channel 13 : 2.472 GHz
Channel 14 : 2.484 GHz
##### iwlist scan #######################
lo Interface doesn't support scanning.
enp1s0 Interface doesn't support scanning.
wlp2s0 Interface doesn't support scanning : Network is down
##### module infos ######################
[rt2800pci]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2800pci.ko
license: GPL
firmware: rt2860.bin
description: Ralink RT2800 PCI & PCMCIA Wireless LAN driver.
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: 26CCED9E0CE5EFBFA9B8882
depends: rt2x00lib,rt2800lib,rt2800mmio,rt2x00mmio,rt2x00pci,eeprom_93cx6
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-45-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
parm: nohwcrypt:Disable hardware encryption. (bool)
[rt2800mmio]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2800mmio.ko
license: GPL
description: rt2800 MMIO library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: 01C1A7641505065E52E0388
depends: rt2800lib,rt2x00lib,rt2x00mmio
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-45-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
[rt2800lib]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2800lib.ko
license: GPL
description: Ralink RT2800 library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com, Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz
srcversion: BB9F48B63A82C3FD3E73BAF
depends: rt2x00lib,mac80211,crc-ccitt
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-45-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
[rt2x00pci]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2x00pci.ko
license: GPL
description: rt2x00 pci library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: 543B84557258F153AC267F0
depends: rt2x00lib,mac80211
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-45-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
[rt2x00mmio]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2x00mmio.ko
license: GPL
description: rt2x00 mmio library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: ADBE279820CFD0A1081C682
depends: rt2x00lib
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-45-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
[rt2x00lib]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2x00lib.ko
license: GPL
description: rt2x00 library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: 72E39180D883A5541F66494
depends: mac80211,cfg80211
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-45-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
[mac80211]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-45-generic/kernel/net/mac80211/mac80211.ko
license: GPL
description: IEEE 802.11 subsystem
srcversion: F1176862D12ECD05A1066CF
depends: cfg80211
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-45-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
parm: minstrel_vht_only:Use only VHT rates when VHT is supported by sta. (bool)
parm: max_nullfunc_tries:Maximum nullfunc tx tries before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm: max_probe_tries:Maximum probe tries before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm: beacon_loss_count:Number of beacon intervals before we decide beacon was lost. (int)
parm: probe_wait_ms:Maximum time(ms) to wait for probe response before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm: ieee80211_default_rc_algo:Default rate control algorithm for mac80211 to use (charp)
[cfg80211]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-45-generic/kernel/net/wireless/cfg80211.ko
description: wireless configuration support
license: GPL
author: Johannes Berg
srcversion: 25A45701AAA64DAC1E47D9D
depends:
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-45-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
parm: ieee80211_regdom:IEEE 802.11 regulatory domain code (charp)
parm: cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz:Disable 40MHz support in the 2.4GHz band (bool)
##### module parameters #################
[rt2800pci]
nohwcrypt: N
[mac80211]
beacon_loss_count: 7
ieee80211_default_rc_algo: minstrel_ht
max_nullfunc_tries: 2
max_probe_tries: 5
minstrel_vht_only: Y
probe_wait_ms: 500
[cfg80211]
cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz: N
ieee80211_regdom: 00
##### /etc/modules ######################
##### modprobe options ##################
[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ath_pci.conf]
blacklist ath_pci
[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf]
blacklist evbug
blacklist usbmouse
blacklist usbkbd
blacklist eepro100
blacklist de4x5
blacklist eth1394
blacklist snd_intel8x0m
blacklist snd_aw2
blacklist i2c_i801
blacklist prism54
blacklist bcm43xx
blacklist garmin_gps
blacklist asus_acpi
blacklist snd_pcsp
blacklist pcspkr
blacklist amd76x_edac
blacklist rt2800usb
blacklist rt2x00lib
blacklist rt2x00pci
blacklist rt2x00usb
blacklist rt2800mmio
blacklist rt2x00m
[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-rare-network.conf]
alias net-pf-3 off
alias net-pf-6 off
alias net-pf-9 off
alias net-pf-11 off
alias net-pf-12 off
alias net-pf-19 off
alias net-pf-21 off
alias net-pf-36 off
[/etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf]
remove iwlwifi \
(/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) \
&& /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211
[/etc/modprobe.d/mlx4.conf]
softdep mlx4_core post: mlx4_en
##### rc.local ##########################
exit 0
##### pm-utils ##########################
##### udev rules ########################
##### dmesg #############################
[ 8.177532] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00_set_rt: Info - RT chipset 3071, rev 0213 detected
[ 8.181522] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00_set_rf: Info - RF chipset 0005 detected
[ 8.518626] r8169 0000:01:00.0 enp1s0: link down (repeated 2 times)
[ 8.518719] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp1s0: link is not ready
[ 8.519249] rt2800pci 0000:02:00.0 wlp2s0: renamed from wlan0
[ 11.253234] r8169 0000:01:00.0 enp1s0: link up
[ 11.253259] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp1s0: link becomes ready
########## wireless info END ############
答案1
显示为 DISABLED 的接口正是 /etc/network/interfaces 中未声明的接口。请将文件修改为：
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
#auto enp1s0
iface enp1s0 inet dhcp
auto wlp2s0
iface wlp2s0 inet static
address 192.168.1.25
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1 8.8.8.8
wpa-ssid <your_network>
wpa-psk <your_secret_key>
我建议在服务器中使用静态地址，以便您可以通过 ftp 和 ssh 访问它。务必选择路由器、交换机或其他接入点中的 DHCP 服务器使用的范围之外的静态地址。
此外，你的黑名单毫无意义。我建议你这样做：
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
如果您没有文本编辑器 gedit，请使用 nano 或 kate 或 leafpad。删除您添加的这些行。
#Z Copied from http://askubuntu.com/questions/478018/ralink-rt3090-in-ubuntu-14-04-very-bad-reception-keeps-disconnecting
blacklist rt2800usb
blacklist rt2x00lib
blacklist rt2x00pci
blacklist rt2x00usb
blacklist rt2800mmio
blacklist rt2x00m
仔细校对，保存并关闭文本编辑器。
拔下以太网电缆，重新启动并告诉我们您是否已连接。