正如标题所示，我无法通过 HDMI 电缆在外部电视上播放任何声音。请注意，使用装有 Windows 的同一台笔记本电脑启动不会出现任何问题。
我已经尝试了目前在网上找到的所有解决方案，即
speaker-test -c 2 -r 48000 -D hw:0,3和/或speaker-test -D hdmi:CARD=PCH,DEV=0 -c 2- 将 alsa 驱动升级到最新版本（现在我已经安装了 oem-audio-hda-daily-dkms:amd64 0.201702010732~ubuntu14.04.1）
- 使用 pulseaudio、alsamixer 或默认声音管理器切换到 HDMI 输出端口
pulseaudio -k重新启动 pulseaudio 守护进程- 将我的用户添加到各种组中
usermod -a -G audio,pulse,pulse-access,video,voice $USER
但正如所说的那样，什么都没有改变。
以下是一些有用的输出
dpkg-l | grep alsa ii alsa-base 1.0.25+dfsg-0ubuntu4 所有 ALSA 驱动程序配置文件 ii alsa-utils 1.0.27.2-1ubuntu2 amd64 用于配置和使用 ALSA 的实用程序 ii bluez-alsa:amd64 4.101-0ubuntu13.1 amd64 蓝牙 ALSA 支持 ii gnome-alsamixer 0.9.7~cvs.20060916.ds.1-5 amd64 适用于 GNOME 的 ALSA 声音混音器 ii gstreamer0.10-alsa:amd64 0.10.36-1.1ubuntu2 amd64 适用于 ALSA 的 GStreamer 插件 ii libsox-fmt-alsa:amd64 14.4.1-3ubuntu1 amd64 SoX alsa 格式 I/O 库
>lspci | grep Audio
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)
>sudo lshw | grep -A9 "Audio"
description: Audio device
product: 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1b
bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0
version: 04
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:47 memory:f1610000-f1613fff
>aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: 92HD91BXX Analog [92HD91BXX Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: Generic Digital [Generic Digital]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
注意：我不知道这是否会成为一个问题，但我有两个子设备：1/1。
>pacmd list-cards
Welcome to PulseAudio! Use "help" for usage information.
>>> 1 card(s) available.
index: 0
name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
owner module: 5
properties:
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf1610000 irq 47"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "1e20"
device.product.name = "7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "0"
device.description = "Built-in Audio"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
profiles:
input:analog-stereo: Analogue Stereo Input (priority 60, available: unknown)
output:analog-stereo: Analogue Stereo Output (priority 6000, available: unknown)
output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Analogue Stereo Duplex (priority 6060, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output (priority 5400, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output + Analogue Stereo Input (priority 5460, available: unknown)
off: Off (priority 0, available: unknown)
active profile: <output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo>
sinks:
alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.hdmi-stereo/#0: Built-in Audio Digital Stereo (HDMI)
sources:
alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.hdmi-stereo.monitor/#0: Monitor of Built-in Audio Digital Stereo (HDMI)
alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo/#1: Built-in Audio Analogue Stereo
ports:
analog-input-microphone-internal: Internal Microphone (priority 8900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-input-microphone: Microphone (priority 8700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
一些图片
...来自 PulseAudio 音量控制...
... Gnome Alsa 搅拌机...
... 以及默认的声音管理器
我不知道还能尝试什么，非常感谢任何帮助。
提前致谢。