我正在使用 Thinkpad T470，它目前双启动，安装了 Ubuntu 18.04 和 Windows 10。我希望在 VM 中运行 Windows 并通过 eGPU，而不是只启动其中一个。我买了一个 Akitio Node，安装了 R9 390x，先使用启动的 Windows 进行设置（更新了 Node 固件、安装了驱动程序等...），一切正常。启动到 Ubuntu 时，它似乎被正确检测到（最初我收到了雷电身份验证提示，它显示在 lspci 下）但它实际上不起作用（没有检测到其他显示器...）。我还尝试将它传递到 Windows 10 VirtualBox VM（只有显示适配器，没有声音，可能是这样吗？）并安装驱动程序，但我得到了This device cannot start. (Code 10)。我有几个理论，但我想在可能破坏事情之前伸出援手：
- 我只通过了图形适配器，而没有通过声音设备，也许 Windows VM 需要这两者？
- 图形适配器似乎在 Ubuntu 中使用 pci-stub 驱动程序，这听起来不像是真正的图形驱动程序。我考虑从他们的网站安装 AMD 驱动程序，但我读到的内容听起来 Ubuntu 应该已经安装了它们。
我对这一切还很陌生，感谢您的帮助！
sudo lspci -v在启动的 Ubuntu 18.04 中（参见0a:00.*）：
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Skylake Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 08)
Subsystem: Lenovo Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=10 <?>
Kernel driver in use: skl_uncore
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 520 (rev 07) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: Lenovo Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520]
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 144
Memory at eb000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
Memory at a0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
I/O ports at e000 [size=64]
[virtual] Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [disabled] [size=128K]
Capabilities: [40] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0c <?>
Capabilities: [70] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [ac] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [100] Process Address Space ID (PASID)
Capabilities: [200] Address Translation Service (ATS)
Capabilities: [300] Page Request Interface (PRI)
Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel modules: i915
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP USB 3.0 xHCI Controller (rev 21) (prog-if 30 [XHCI])
Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP USB 3.0 xHCI Controller
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 122
Memory at ec220000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+
Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
00:14.2 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP Thermal subsystem (rev 21)
Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP Thermal subsystem
Flags: fast devsel, IRQ 18
Memory at ec248000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Kernel driver in use: intel_pch_thermal
Kernel modules: intel_pch_thermal
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP CSME HECI #1 (rev 21)
Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP CSME HECI
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 145
Memory at ec249000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [8c] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Kernel driver in use: mei_me
Kernel modules: mei_me
00:16.3 Serial controller: Intel Corporation Device 9d3d (rev 21) (prog-if 02 [16550])
Subsystem: Lenovo Device 2245
Flags: 66MHz, fast devsel, IRQ 19
I/O ports at e060 [size=8]
Memory at ec24b000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: [40] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Kernel driver in use: serial
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: fast devsel, IRQ 16
Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00002000-00002fff
Memory behind bridge: 9f800000-9f9fffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 000000009fa00000-000000009fbfffff
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.6 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #7 (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18
Bus: primary=00, secondary=04, subordinate=04, sec-latency=0
Memory behind bridge: ec100000-ec1fffff
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Access Control Services
Capabilities: [200] L1 PM Substates
Capabilities: [220] #19
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1d.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #9 (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
Bus: primary=00, secondary=05, subordinate=3d, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00003000-00004fff
Memory behind bridge: d4000000-ea0fffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000b0000000-00000000d1ffffff
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Access Control Services
Capabilities: [220] #19
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1d.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 9d1a (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18
Bus: primary=00, secondary=3e, subordinate=3e, sec-latency=0
Memory behind bridge: ec000000-ec0fffff
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo Device 2245
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Access Control Services
Capabilities: [220] #19
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP LPC Controller (rev 21)
Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP LPC Controller
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0
00:1f.2 Memory controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PMC (rev 21)
Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PMC
Flags: fast devsel
Memory at ec244000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio (rev 21)
Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 64, IRQ 147
Memory at ec240000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Memory at ec230000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel, snd_soc_skl
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP SMBus (rev 21)
Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP SMBus
Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 11
Memory at ec24a000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
I/O ports at efa0 [size=32]
Kernel modules: i2c_i801
00:1f.6 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection I219-LM (rev 21)
Subsystem: Lenovo Ethernet Connection I219-LM
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 140
Memory at ec200000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K]
Capabilities: [c8] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [d0] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [e0] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: e1000e
Kernel modules: e1000e
04:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Wireless 8260 (rev 3a)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 8260
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 146
Memory at ec100000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K]
Capabilities: [c8] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [d0] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [40] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Device Serial Number d4-25-8b-ff-ff-9e-0b-06
Capabilities: [14c] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Capabilities: [154] L1 PM Substates
Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi
Kernel modules: iwlwifi
05:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6240 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (Low Power) [Alpine Ridge LP 2016] (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
Bus: primary=05, secondary=06, subordinate=3d, sec-latency=0
Memory behind bridge: d4000000-ea0fffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000b0000000-00000000d1ffffff
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [88] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [ac] Subsystem: Device 2222:1111
Capabilities: [c0] Express Upstream Port, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Device Serial Number 21-df-c0-20-06-c9-a0-00
Capabilities: [200] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [300] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [400] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [500] Vendor Specific Information: ID=1234 Rev=1 Len=0e0 <?>
Capabilities: [600] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Capabilities: [700] #19
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
06:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6240 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (Low Power) [Alpine Ridge LP 2016] (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
Bus: primary=06, secondary=07, subordinate=07, sec-latency=0
Memory behind bridge: ea000000-ea0fffff
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [88] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [ac] Subsystem: Device 2222:1111
Capabilities: [c0] Express Downstream Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Device Serial Number 21-df-c0-20-06-c9-a0-00
Capabilities: [200] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [300] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [400] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [500] Vendor Specific Information: ID=1234 Rev=1 Len=0e0 <?>
Capabilities: [700] #19
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
06:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6240 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (Low Power) [Alpine Ridge LP 2016] (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17
Bus: primary=06, secondary=08, subordinate=3c, sec-latency=0
Memory behind bridge: d4000000-e9efffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000b0000000-00000000d1ffffff
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [88] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [ac] Subsystem: Device 2222:1111
Capabilities: [c0] Express Downstream Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Device Serial Number 21-df-c0-20-06-c9-a0-00
Capabilities: [200] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [300] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [400] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [500] Vendor Specific Information: ID=1234 Rev=1 Len=0e0 <?>
Capabilities: [700] #19
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
06:02.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6240 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (Low Power) [Alpine Ridge LP 2016] (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18
Bus: primary=06, secondary=3d, subordinate=3d, sec-latency=0
Memory behind bridge: e9f00000-e9ffffff
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [88] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [ac] Subsystem: Device 2222:1111
Capabilities: [c0] Express Downstream Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Device Serial Number 21-df-c0-20-06-c9-a0-00
Capabilities: [200] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [300] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [400] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [500] Vendor Specific Information: ID=1234 Rev=1 Len=0e0 <?>
Capabilities: [700] #19
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
07:00.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation JHL6240 Thunderbolt 3 NHI (Low Power) [Alpine Ridge LP 2016] (rev 01)
Subsystem: Device 2222:1111
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
Memory at ea000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K]
Memory at ea040000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [88] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [c0] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [a0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=16 Masked-
Capabilities: [100] Device Serial Number 21-df-c0-20-06-c9-a0-00
Capabilities: [200] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [300] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [400] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [500] Vendor Specific Information: ID=1234 Rev=1 Len=088 <?>
Capabilities: [600] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Kernel driver in use: thunderbolt
Kernel modules: thunderbolt
08:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation DSL6340 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge [Alpine Ridge 2C 2015] (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17
Bus: primary=08, secondary=09, subordinate=3c, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00003000-00003fff
Memory behind bridge: d4000000-e9efffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000b0000000-00000000d1ffffff
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [88] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [ac] Subsystem: Device 1cf0:0308
Capabilities: [c0] Express Upstream Port, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Device Serial Number 4f-41-85-01-55-e9-07-00
Capabilities: [200] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [300] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [400] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [500] Vendor Specific Information: ID=1234 Rev=1 Len=0d8 <?>
Capabilities: [600] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Capabilities: [700] #19
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
09:01.0 PCI bridge: Device 0086:0000 (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18
Bus: primary=09, secondary=0a, subordinate=0a, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00003000-00003fff
Memory behind bridge: d4000000-d40fffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000b0000000-00000000c07fffff
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [88] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [ac] Subsystem: Device 1cf0:0308
Capabilities: [c0] Express Downstream Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Device Serial Number 4f-41-85-01-55-e9-07-00
Capabilities: [200] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [300] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [400] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [500] Vendor Specific Information: ID=1234 Rev=1 Len=0d8 <?>
Capabilities: [700] #19
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
0a:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Hawaii XT / Grenada XT [Radeon R9 290X/390X] (rev 80) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: PC Partner Limited / Sapphire Technology Grenada XT2 [Radeon R9 390X]
Flags: fast devsel, IRQ 18
Memory at b0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
Memory at c0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=8M]
I/O ports at 3000 [size=256]
Memory at d4000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K]
Expansion ROM at d4060000 [disabled] [size=128K]
Capabilities: [48] Vendor Specific Information: Len=08 <?>
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [58] Express Legacy Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [a0] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [100] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=010 <?>
Capabilities: [150] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [200] #15
Capabilities: [270] #19
Capabilities: [2b0] Address Translation Service (ATS)
Capabilities: [2c0] Page Request Interface (PRI)
Capabilities: [2d0] Process Address Space ID (PASID)
Kernel driver in use: pci-stub
Kernel modules: radeon, amdgpu
0a:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Hawaii HDMI Audio [Radeon R9 290/290X / 390/390X]
Subsystem: PC Partner Limited / Sapphire Technology Hawaii HDMI Audio [Radeon R9 290/290X / 390/390X]
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 148
Memory at d4040000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [48] Vendor Specific Information: Len=08 <?>
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [58] Express Legacy Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [a0] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [100] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=010 <?>
Capabilities: [150] Advanced Error Reporting
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
3e:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Intel Corporation Device f1a5 (rev 03) (prog-if 02 [NVM Express])
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 390a
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18, NUMA node 0
Memory at ec000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=16 Masked-
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [158] #19
Capabilities: [178] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Capabilities: [180] L1 PM Substates
Kernel driver in use: nvme
Kernel modules: nvme
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