在 Ubuntu 18.04 上，当我想安装推荐的 Nvidia 驱动程序时出现此问题。
sudo apt install nvidia-340
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libargtable2-0 libass5 libavcodec-ffmpeg56 libavdevice-ffmpeg56
libavfilter-ffmpeg5 libavformat-ffmpeg56 libavresample-ffmpeg2
libavutil-ffmpeg54 libbluray1 libboost-random1.58.0 libboost-regex1.58.0
libboost-thread1.58.0 libcryptopp-dev libethereum libfdk-aac0 libjsoncpp1
libjsonrpccpp-client0 libjsonrpccpp-common0 libjsonrpccpp-server0
libleveldb1v5 libmicrohttpd10 libmicrohttpd12 libnvidia-common-396
libopencv-core2.4v5 libopencv-imgproc2.4v5 libopenjpeg5 libpostproc-ffmpeg53
libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsdl-ttf2.0-0 libswresample-ffmpeg1
libswscale-ffmpeg3 libtbb2 libva1 libx264-148 libx265-79 miniupnpc
nvidia-kernel-common-396 nvidia-kernel-source-396 nvidia-prime php7.1-common
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
nvidia-340
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/51,9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 274 MB of additional disk space will be used.
(Reading database ... 345463 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../nvidia-340_340.107-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2.distrib by nvidia-340'
diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2.distrib by nvidia-340
Removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2.distrib by nvidia-340'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2.distrib by nvidia-340'
Unpacking nvidia-340 (340.107-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-340_340.107-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite '/lib/udev/rules.d/71-nvidia.rules', which is also in package nvidia-kernel-common-396 396.45-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.2
dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-340_340.107-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我该如何度过这一难关？
答案1
按Ctrl++Alt并T执行：
sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-340_340.107-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb
这将以强大的力量解决“尝试覆盖错误” dpkg。:)
然后运行：
sudo apt -f install
修复任何破损的包裹。
答案2
此过程也可能发生在升级（“sudo apt upgrade”）期间。在这种情况下，dpkg 在处理 /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-some/file.deb 时出错，升级后 /tmp 目录中不存在该文件。但是，此 .deb 文件确实存在于 /var/cache/apt/archives 中，Olimjon 的解决方案可应用于此 .deb 文件。
这为我解决了将程序的存储库从“abiout”重命名为“agate”的问题。
发生的事情（至少在我的情况下）是，必须强制执行库文件中的一些重命名或其他更改，因为 dpkg 无法识别它们属于同一个包/程序。我猜在安装 nvidia 驱动程序期间发生了类似的事情。