![命令行安装在 16.04 mini.iso 中不起作用(不是 ubuntu 服务器)](https://linux22.com/image/1167692/%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%9C%A8%2016.04%20mini.iso%20%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%8D%E8%B5%B7%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%AF%20ubuntu%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%EF%BC%89.png)
我目前在创建预置的 Ubuntu 16.04 32 位安装时遇到了问题。我正在 Ubuntu 16.04 桌面上的 VirtualBox VM 中安装。我使用的 iso 如下:http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/mini.iso
Advanced options
我也可以通过选择->Command-line expert install
并点击“当被选中
<tab>
时”来获得不同的提示(其中已经填写了大量文本)
Command-line expert install
我目前遇到的问题是,当我进入命令提示符(清除可能已经存在的任何文本)并尝试加载我的预置文件时,我会回到第一个安装屏幕(第一个图像)或它继续询问我问题,即使我已经预先设置了答案。然后等待 ssh 可用的过程耗尽时间,过程失败。
==> virtualbox-iso: Waiting for SSH to become available...
==> virtualbox-iso: Timeout waiting for SSH.
==> virtualbox-iso: Step "StepConnect" failed
==> virtualbox-iso: [c] Clean up and exit, [a] abort without cleanup, or [r] retry step
有有人声称这是 Ubuntu 的一个错误,没有移植到 16.04。
目前,我看到网上有很多关于Ubuntu 服务器(不是我正在使用的)并使用不同的组合键来执行启动命令来解决问题。
我试过了:
- 转到第一个提示,然后添加预置文件位置
"boot_command": [ "<esc><wait>", "/install/vmlinuz <wait>", "auto=true <wait>", "priority=critical <wait>", "url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/preseed_{{user
ubuntu_name}}.cfg <wait>", "preseed/interactive=false <wait>", "<enter><wait>" ],
- 转到第二个提示并提供预置文件位置
"boot_command": [ "<down><down><enter><down><down><tab>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>", "/install/vmlinuz <wait>", "auto=true <wait>", "priority=critical <wait>", "url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/preseed_{{user
ubuntu_name}}.cfg <wait>", "preseed/interactive=false <wait>", "<enter><wait>" ],
- 转到第一个(和第二个)提示,然后添加预置文件位置使用不同的安装关键字
"boot_command": [ "<esc><wait>", "install <wait>", "auto <wait>", "priority=critical <wait>", "url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/preseed_{{user
ubuntu_名称}}.cfg <wait>", "preseed/interactive=false <wait>", "<enter><wait>" ],
- 转到第一个(和第二个)提示,然后添加预置文件位置使用不同的预置 URL 关键字
"boot_command": [ "<esc><wait>", "/install/vmlinuz <wait>", "auto <wait>", "priority=critical <wait>", "preseed/url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/preseed_{{user
ubuntu_名称}}.cfg <wait>", "preseed/interactive=false <wait>", "<enter><wait>" ],
- 转到第一个(和第二个)提示,然后添加预置文件位置使用扩展关键字
"boot_command": [ "<esc><wait>", "/install/vmlinuz <wait>", "auto <wait>", "priority=critical <wait>", "preseed/url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/preseed_{{user
ubuntu_名称}}.cfg <wait>", "preseed/interactive=false <wait>", "debian-installer=en_US <wait>", "locale=en_US <wait>", "kbd-chooser/method=dk <wait>", "keyboard-configuration/xkb-keymap=dk <wait>", "netcfg/get_hostname={{ .Name }} <wait>", "netcfg/get_domain=vagrantup.com <wait>", "fb=false <wait>", "debconf/frontend=noninteractive <wait>", "console-setup/ask_detect=false <wait>", "console-keymaps-at/keymap=dk <wait>", "<enter><wait>" ],
- 我尝试使用不同的 iso(尝试获取 ubuntu 服务器 iso)但是当我这样做时,virtuabox 进程无法为其创建硬盘。
==> virtualbox-iso: Downloading or copying ISO
==> virtualbox-iso: Downloading or copying: http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04/ubuntu-16.04-server-i386.iso
==> virtualbox-iso: Starting HTTP server on port 8916
==> virtualbox-iso: Creating virtual machine...
==> virtualbox-iso: Creating hard drive...
==> virtualbox-iso: Error attaching ISO: VBoxManage error: VBoxManage: error: Could not get the storage format of the medium '/home/project/packer_cache/414469dcbe8946731d7d3f214d3dd31de5806cb67eabc1873b915662bd2ba4cd.iso' (VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED)
==> virtualbox-iso: VBoxManage: error: Details: code VBOX_E_IPRT_ERROR (0x80bb0005), component MediumWrap, interface IMedium, callee nsISupports
==> virtualbox-iso: VBoxManage: error: Context: "OpenMedium(Bstr(pszFilenameOrUuid).raw(), enmDevType, enmAccessMode, fForceNewUuidOnOpen, pMedium.asOutParam())" at line 179 of file VBoxManageDisk.cpp
==> virtualbox-iso: VBoxManage: error: Invalid UUID or filename "/home/project/packer_cache/414469dcbe8946731d7d3f214d3dd31de5806cb67eabc1873b915662bd2ba4cd.iso"
==> virtualbox-iso: Step "stepAttachISO" failed
==> virtualbox-iso: [c] Clean up and exit, [a] abort without cleanup, or [r] retry step (build may fail even if retry succ
ceeds)? ==> virtualbox-iso: Unregistering and deleting virtual machine...
==> virtualbox-iso: Deleting output directory...
Build 'virtualbox-iso' errored: Error attaching ISO: VBoxManage error: VBoxManage: error: Could not get the storage format of the medium '/home/project/packer_cache/414469dcbe8946731d7d3f214d3dd31de5806cb67eabc1873b915662bd2ba4cd.iso' (VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED)
VBoxManage: error: Details: code VBOX_E_IPRT_ERROR (0x80bb0005), component MediumWrap, interface IMedium, callee nsISupports
VBoxManage: error: Context: "OpenMedium(Bstr(pszFilenameOrUuid).raw(), enmDevType, enmAccessMode, fForceNewUuidOnOpen, pMedium.asOutParam())" at line 179 of file VBoxManageDisk.cpp
VBoxManage: error: Invalid UUID or filename "/home/project/packer_cache/414469dcbe8946731d7d3f214d3dd31de5806cb67eabc1873b915662bd2ba4cd.iso"
我的预置文件(preseed_xenial.cfg
):
### Unattended Installation
d-i auto-install/enable boolean true
d-i debconf/priority select critical
### Localization
# Preseeding only locale sets language, country and locale.
d-i debian-installer/locale string en_DK.UTF-8
# The values can also be preseeded individually for greater flexibility.
d-i debian-installer/language string en
d-i debian-installer/country string DK
# Optionally specify additional locales to be generated.
d-i localechooser/supported-locales multiselect en_DK.UTF-8, en_US.UTF-8, da_DK.UTF-8
# Keyboard selection.
# Disable automatic (interactive) keymap detection.
d-i console-setup/ask_detect boolean false
d-i keyboard-configuration/xkb-keymap select dk
### Network configuration
# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it
# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.
d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto
# Any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take precedence over
# values set here. However, setting the values still prevents the questions
# from being shown, even if values come from dhcp.
d-i netcfg/hostname string ur
### Mirror settings
# If you select ftp, the mirror/country string does not need to be set.
d-i mirror/protocol string ftp
d-i mirror/ftp/hostname string ftp.de.ubuntu.org
d-i mirror/ftp/directory string /ubuntu
d-i mirror/ftp/proxy string
### Account setup
# Skip creation of a root account (normal user account will be able to
# use sudo). The default is false; preseed this to true if you want to set
# a root password.
d-i passwd/root-login boolean false
d-i passwd/root-password-again password vagrant
d-i passwd/user-fullname string vagrant
d-i passwd/user-uid string 900
d-i passwd/user-password password vagrant
d-i passwd/user-password-again password vagrant
d-i passwd/username string vagrant
d-i user-setup/allow-password-weak boolean true
d-i user-setup/encrypt-home boolean false
### Clock and time zone setup
d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true
d-i time/zone string EU/Copenhagen
d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true
### Partitioning
d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda
# - regular: use the usual partition types for your architecture
# - lvm: use LVM to partition the disk
# - crypto: use LVM within an encrypted partition
d-i partman-auto/method string regular
#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
d-i partman-basicfilesystems/no_swap boolean false
d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \
all-in-one :: \
50 50 50 ext3 \
$primary{ } \
$bootable{ } \
method{ format } format{ } \
use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \
mountpoint{ /boot/grub } \
. \
250 250 250 ext3 \
$primary{ } \
method{ format } format{ } \
use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \
mountpoint{ /tmp } \
. \
2000 2000 2000 ext3 \
$primary{ } \
method{ format } \
format{ } \
use_filesystem{ } \
filesystem{ ext3 } \
mountpoint{ / } . \
50 1000 -1 ext3 \
$primary{ } \
method{ format } format{ } \
use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \
mountpoint{ /data } \
. \
d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select all-in-one
d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/mount_style select uuid
d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true
d-i grub-installer/bootdev string /dev/sda
###################################
### Kernel installation
d-i base-installer/kernel/image string linux-image-686-pae
###################################
### Apt
d-i apt-setup/non-free boolean false
d-i apt-setup/contrib boolean false
d-i apt-setup/services-select multiselect security
d-i apt-setup/security_host string security.ubuntu.org
### Package selection
tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard
d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server sudo bzip2 acpid zlib1g-dev wget curl dkms make
# No language support packages.
d-i pkgsel/install-language-support boolean false
d-i pkgsel/upgrade select none
# Prevent packaged version of VirtualBox Guest Additions being installed:
d-i preseed/early_command string sed -i \
'/in-target/idiscover(){/sbin/discover|grep -v VirtualBox;}' \
/usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/20install-hwpackages
popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false
### Other
# Allow non-free firmware
d-i hw-detect/load_firmware boolean true
# Avoid that last message about the install being complete.
d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
我的打包程序模板文件(ubutntu_xenial
):
{
"variables": {
"ubuntu_version": "16.04",
"ubuntu_name": "xenial"
},
"builders": [
{
"type": "virtualbox-iso",
"boot_command": [
"<esc><wait>",
"/install/vmlinuz <wait>",
"auto=true <wait>",
"priority=critical <wait>",
"url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/preseed_{{user `ubuntu_name`}}.cfg <wait>",
"preseed/interactive=false <wait>",
"<enter><wait>"
],
"boot_wait": "5s",
"disk_size": 2700,
"guest_os_type": "Ubuntu",
"headless": false,
"http_directory": "http",
"iso_url": "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/{{user `ubuntu_name`}}-updates/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/mini.iso",
"iso_checksum_type": "none",
"ssh_username": "vagrant",
"ssh_password": "vagrant",
"ssh_port": 22,
"ssh_wait_timeout": "1000s",
"shutdown_command": "echo 'vagrant'|sudo -S /sbin/shutdown -hP now",
"guest_additions_path": "VBoxGuestAdditions_{{.Version}}.iso",
"virtualbox_version_file": ".vbox_version",
"vm_name": "ubuntu-{{user `ubuntu_version`}}-i386",
"vboxmanage": [
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--memory", "4096" ],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--cpus", "4" ],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--vram", "128"],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--usb", "off"],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--ostype", "Ubuntu"],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--acpi", "on"],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--ioapic", "on"],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--hwvirtex", "on"],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--pae", "on"],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--nestedpaging", "on"],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--rtcuseutc", "on"],
[ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--vrde", "on"]
]
}
],
"post-processors": [
{
"type": "vagrant",
"compression_level": "9",
"output": "ubuntu-{{user `ubuntu_version`}}-i386_{{.Provider}}.box",
"only": ["virtualbox-iso"]
}
],
"provisioners": [
{
"type": "file",
"source": "scripts/expand-rootfs.sh",
"destination": "/home/vagrant/expand-rootfs.sh"
},
{
"type": "file",
"source": "scripts/regen-ssh-keys.sh",
"destination": "/home/vagrant/regen-ssh-keys.sh"
},
{
"type": "file",
"source": "scripts/on-first-boot.sh",
"destination": "/home/vagrant/on-first-boot.sh"
},
{
"type": "file",
"source": "scripts/on-first-boot.service",
"destination": "/home/vagrant/on-first-boot.service"
},
{
"type": "shell",
"execute_command": "echo 'vagrant' | {{.Vars}} sudo -E -S bash '{{.Path}}'",
"scripts": [
"scripts/update.sh",
"scripts/fs.sh",
"scripts/sshd.sh",
"scripts/networking.sh",
"scripts/sudoers.sh",
"scripts/vagrant.sh",
"scripts/vbaddguest.sh",
"scripts/cleanup.sh"
],
"only": ["virtualbox-iso"]
}
]
}
我不确定为什么它不起作用,如能得到任何帮助我将非常感激。
答案1
这对我有用:
"<tab><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
"<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
"<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
"<wait> preseed/url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/ubuntu-server.seed ",
"debian-installer=en_US auto=true locale=en_US kbd-chooser/method=us ",
"console-setup/ask_detect=false keyboard-configuration/layoutcode=us ",
"hostname=ubuntu initrd=initrd.gz --- quiet <wait><enter>"