我需要你的帮助。如果我无法解决这个问题，我并不想回到 Windows，但我（很可能）会被迫这样做 :(
我有一台联想 ThinkPad t490，Ubuntu 18.04，我的电池耗电非常快。我通常可以使用它（没什么特别的 - 只是一般的上网、网页编码等）大约 4 个小时 - 这太令人绝望了。我预计至少可以使用 7-8 个小时。
我按照这个教程操作askubuntu - 保护 ThinkPad t490 上的电池但它没有帮助:(
我还能做些什么来改善我的电池？请参阅附件中的 TLP conf 文件
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# tlp - Parameters for power saving
# See full explanation: http://linrunner.de/en/tlp/docs/tlp-configuration.html
# Hint: some features are disabled by default, remove the leading # to enable
# them.
# Set to 0 to disable, 1 to enable TLP.
TLP_ENABLE=1
# Operation mode when no power supply can be detected: AC, BAT.
# Concerns some desktop and embedded hardware only.
TLP_DEFAULT_MODE=AC
# Operation mode select: 0=depend on power source, 1=always use TLP_DEFAULT_MODE
# Hint: use in conjunction with TLP_DEFAULT_MODE=BAT for BAT settings on AC.
TLP_PERSISTENT_DEFAULT=0
# Seconds laptop mode has to wait after the disk goes idle before doing a sync.
# Non-zero value enables, zero disables laptop mode.
DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_AC=0
DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_BAT=2
# Dirty page values (timeouts in secs).
MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_AC=15
MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_BAT=60
# Hint: CPU parameters below are disabled by default, remove the leading #
# to enable them, otherwise kernel default values are used.
# Select a CPU frequency scaling governor.
# Intel Core i processor with intel_pstate driver:
# powersave(*), performance.
# Older hardware with acpi-cpufreq driver:
# ondemand(*), powersave, performance, conservative, schedutil.
# (*) is recommended.
# Hint: use tlp-stat -p to show the active driver and available governors.
# Important:
# powersave for intel_pstate and ondemand for acpi-cpufreq are power
# efficient for *almost all* workloads and therefore kernel and most
# distributions have chosen them as defaults. If you still want to change,
# you should know what you're doing! You *must* disable your distribution's
# governor settings or conflicts will occur.
#CPU_SCALING_GOVERNOR_ON_AC=powersave
#CPU_SCALING_GOVERNOR_ON_BAT=powersave
# Set the min/max frequency available for the scaling governor.
# Possible values strongly depend on your CPU. For available frequencies see
# the output of tlp-stat -p.
#CPU_SCALING_MIN_FREQ_ON_AC=0
#CPU_SCALING_MAX_FREQ_ON_AC=0
#CPU_SCALING_MIN_FREQ_ON_BAT=0
#CPU_SCALING_MAX_FREQ_ON_BAT=0
# Set energy performance hints (HWP) for Intel P-state governor:
# performance, balance_performance, default, balance_power, power
# Values are given in order of increasing power saving.
# Note: Intel Skylake or newer CPU and Kernel >= 4.10 required.
CPU_HWP_ON_AC=balance_performance
CPU_HWP_ON_BAT=balance_power
# Set Intel P-state performance: 0..100 (%).
# Limit the max/min P-state to control the power dissipation of the CPU.
# Values are stated as a percentage of the available performance.
# Requires an Intel Core i processor with intel_pstate driver.
#CPU_MIN_PERF_ON_AC=0
#CPU_MAX_PERF_ON_AC=100
#CPU_MIN_PERF_ON_BAT=0
#CPU_MAX_PERF_ON_BAT=30
# Set the CPU "turbo boost" feature: 0=disable, 1=allow
# Requires an Intel Core i processor.
# Important:
# - This may conflict with your distribution's governor settings
# - A value of 1 does *not* activate boosting, it just allows it
#CPU_BOOST_ON_AC=1
#CPU_BOOST_ON_BAT=0
# Minimize number of used CPU cores/hyper-threads under light load conditions:
# 0=disable, 1=enable.
SCHED_POWERSAVE_ON_AC=0
SCHED_POWERSAVE_ON_BAT=1
# Kernel NMI Watchdog:
# 0=disable (default, saves power), 1=enable (for kernel debugging only).
NMI_WATCHDOG=0
# Change CPU voltages aka "undervolting" - Kernel with PHC patch required.
# Frequency voltage pairs are written to:
# /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/phc_controls
# CAUTION: only use this, if you thoroughly understand what you are doing!
#PHC_CONTROLS="F:V F:V F:V F:V"
# Set CPU performance versus energy savings policy:
# performance, balance-performance, default, balance-power, power.
# Values are given in order of increasing power saving.
# Requires kernel module msr and x86_energy_perf_policy from linux-tools.
ENERGY_PERF_POLICY_ON_AC=performance
ENERGY_PERF_POLICY_ON_BAT=power
# Disk devices; separate multiple devices with spaces (default: sda).
# Devices can be specified by disk ID also (lookup with: tlp diskid).
DISK_DEVICES="sda sdb"
# Disk advanced power management level: 1..254, 255 (max saving, min, off).
# Levels 1..127 may spin down the disk; 255 allowable on most drives.
# Separate values for multiple disks with spaces. Use the special value 'keep'
# to keep the hardware default for the particular disk.
DISK_APM_LEVEL_ON_AC="254 254"
DISK_APM_LEVEL_ON_BAT="128 128"
# Hard disk spin down timeout:
# 0: spin down disabled
# 1..240: timeouts from 5s to 20min (in units of 5s)
# 241..251: timeouts from 30min to 5.5 hours (in units of 30min)
# See 'man hdparm' for details.
# Separate values for multiple disks with spaces. Use the special value 'keep'
# to keep the hardware default for the particular disk.
#DISK_SPINDOWN_TIMEOUT_ON_AC="0 0"
#DISK_SPINDOWN_TIMEOUT_ON_BAT="0 0"
# Select IO scheduler for the disk devices: cfq, deadline, noop (Default: cfq).
# Separate values for multiple disks with spaces. Use the special value 'keep'
# to keep the kernel default scheduler for the particular disk.
#DISK_IOSCHED="cfq cfq"
# AHCI link power management (ALPM) for disk devices:
# min_power, med_power_with_dipm(*), medium_power, max_performance.
# (*) Kernel >= 4.15 required, then recommended.
# Multiple values separated with spaces are tried sequentially until success.
SATA_LINKPWR_ON_AC="med_power_with_dipm max_performance"
SATA_LINKPWR_ON_BAT="med_power_with_dipm min_power"
# Exclude host devices from AHCI link power management.
# Separate multiple hosts with spaces.
#SATA_LINKPWR_BLACKLIST="host1"
# Runtime Power Management for AHCI host and disks devices:
# on=disable, auto=enable.
# EXPERIMENTAL ** WARNING: auto will most likely cause system lockups/data loss.
#AHCI_RUNTIME_PM_ON_AC=on
#AHCI_RUNTIME_PM_ON_BAT=on
# Seconds of inactivity before disk is suspended.
AHCI_RUNTIME_PM_TIMEOUT=15
# PCI Express Active State Power Management (PCIe ASPM):
# default, performance, powersave.
PCIE_ASPM_ON_AC=default
PCIE_ASPM_ON_BAT=default
# Radeon graphics clock speed (profile method): low, mid, high, auto, default;
# auto = mid on BAT, high on AC; default = use hardware defaults.
RADEON_POWER_PROFILE_ON_AC=default
RADEON_POWER_PROFILE_ON_BAT=default
# Radeon dynamic power management method (DPM): battery, performance.
RADEON_DPM_STATE_ON_AC=performance
RADEON_DPM_STATE_ON_BAT=battery
# Radeon DPM performance level: auto, low, high; auto is recommended.
RADEON_DPM_PERF_LEVEL_ON_AC=auto
RADEON_DPM_PERF_LEVEL_ON_BAT=auto
# WiFi power saving mode: on=enable, off=disable; not supported by all adapters.
WIFI_PWR_ON_AC=off
WIFI_PWR_ON_BAT=on
# Disable wake on LAN: Y/N.
WOL_DISABLE=Y
# Enable audio power saving for Intel HDA, AC97 devices (timeout in secs).
# A value of 0 disables, >=1 enables power saving (recommended: 1).
SOUND_POWER_SAVE_ON_AC=0
SOUND_POWER_SAVE_ON_BAT=1
# Disable controller too (HDA only): Y/N.
SOUND_POWER_SAVE_CONTROLLER=Y
# Power off optical drive in UltraBay/MediaBay: 0=disable, 1=enable.
# Drive can be powered on again by releasing (and reinserting) the eject lever
# or by pressing the disc eject button on newer models.
# Note: an UltraBay/MediaBay hard disk is never powered off.
BAY_POWEROFF_ON_AC=0
BAY_POWEROFF_ON_BAT=0
# Optical drive device to power off (default sr0).
BAY_DEVICE="sr0"
# Runtime Power Management for PCI(e) bus devices: on=disable, auto=enable.
RUNTIME_PM_ON_AC=on
RUNTIME_PM_ON_BAT=auto
# Exclude PCI(e) device adresses the following list from Runtime PM
# (separate with spaces). Use lspci to get the adresses (1st column).
#RUNTIME_PM_BLACKLIST="bb:dd.f 11:22.3 44:55.6"
# Exclude PCI(e) devices assigned to the listed drivers from Runtime PM.
# Default when unconfigured is "amdgpu nouveau nvidia radeon" which
# prevents accidential power-on of dGPU in hybrid graphics setups.
# Use "" to disable the feature completely.
# Separate multiple drivers with spaces.
#RUNTIME_PM_DRIVER_BLACKLIST="amdgpu nouveau nvidia radeon"
# Set to 0 to disable, 1 to enable USB autosuspend feature.
USB_AUTOSUSPEND=1
# Exclude listed devices from USB autosuspend (separate with spaces).
# Use lsusb to get the ids.
# Note: input devices (usbhid) are excluded automatically
#USB_BLACKLIST="1111:2222 3333:4444"
# Bluetooth devices are excluded from USB autosuspend:
# 0=do not exclude, 1=exclude.
USB_BLACKLIST_BTUSB=0
# Phone devices are excluded from USB autosuspend:
# 0=do not exclude, 1=exclude (enable charging).
USB_BLACKLIST_PHONE=0
# Printers are excluded from USB autosuspend:
# 0=do not exclude, 1=exclude.
USB_BLACKLIST_PRINTER=1
# WWAN devices are excluded from USB autosuspend:
# 0=do not exclude, 1=exclude.
USB_BLACKLIST_WWAN=1
# Include listed devices into USB autosuspend even if already excluded
# by the blacklists above (separate with spaces).
# Use lsusb to get the ids.
#USB_WHITELIST="1111:2222 3333:4444"
# Set to 1 to disable autosuspend before shutdown, 0 to do nothing
# (workaround for USB devices that cause shutdown problems).
#USB_AUTOSUSPEND_DISABLE_ON_SHUTDOWN=1
# Restore radio device state (Bluetooth, WiFi, WWAN) from previous shutdown
# on system startup: 0=disable, 1=enable.
# Hint: the parameters DEVICES_TO_DISABLE/ENABLE_ON_STARTUP/SHUTDOWN below
# are ignored when this is enabled!
RESTORE_DEVICE_STATE_ON_STARTUP=0
# Radio devices to disable on startup: bluetooth, wifi, wwan.
# Separate multiple devices with spaces.
#DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_STARTUP="bluetooth wifi wwan"
DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_STARTUP="bluetooth wwan"
# Radio devices to enable on startup: bluetooth, wifi, wwan.
# Separate multiple devices with spaces.
#DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_STARTUP="wifi"
# Radio devices to disable on shutdown: bluetooth, wifi, wwan.
# (workaround for devices that are blocking shutdown).
#DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_SHUTDOWN="bluetooth wifi wwan"
# Radio devices to enable on shutdown: bluetooth, wifi, wwan.
# (to prevent other operating systems from missing radios).
#DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_SHUTDOWN="wwan"
# Radio devices to enable on AC: bluetooth, wifi, wwan.
#DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_AC="bluetooth wifi wwan"
# Radio devices to disable on battery: bluetooth, wifi, wwan.
#DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_BAT="bluetooth wifi wwan"
# Radio devices to disable on battery when not in use (not connected):
# bluetooth, wifi, wwan.
#DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_BAT_NOT_IN_USE="bluetooth wifi wwan"
# Battery charge thresholds (ThinkPad only, tp-smapi or acpi-call kernel module
# required). Charging starts when the remaining capacity falls below the
# START_CHARGE_THRESH value and stops when exceeding the STOP_CHARGE_THRESH value.
# Main / Internal battery (values in %)
#START_CHARGE_THRESH_BAT0=75
#STOP_CHARGE_THRESH_BAT0=80
# Ultrabay / Slice / Replaceable battery (values in %)
#START_CHARGE_THRESH_BAT1=75
#STOP_CHARGE_THRESH_BAT1=80
# Restore charge thresholds when AC is unplugged: 0=disable, 1=enable.
#RESTORE_THRESHOLDS_ON_BAT=1
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# tlp-rdw - Parameters for the radio device wizard
# Possible devices: bluetooth, wifi, wwan.
# Hints:
# - Parameters are disabled by default, remove the leading # to enable them
# - Separate multiple radio devices with spaces
# Radio devices to disable on connect.
DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_LAN_CONNECT="bluetooth wifi wwan"
DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_WIFI_CONNECT="bluetooth wwan"
DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_WWAN_CONNECT="bluetooth wifi"
# Radio devices to enable on disconnect.
#DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_LAN_DISCONNECT="wifi wwan"
#DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_WIFI_DISCONNECT=""
#DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_WWAN_DISCONNECT=""
# Radio devices to enable/disable when docked.
#DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_DOCK=""
#DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_DOCK=""
# Radio devices to enable/disable when undocked.
#DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_UNDOCK="wifi"
#DEVICES_TO_DISABLE_ON_UNDOCK=""
这是 upower 输出：
$ upower -i /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/battery_BAT0
native-path: BAT0
vendor: SMP
model: 02DL008
serial: 764
power supply: yes
updated: Sun 24 Nov 2019 06:46:40 PM PST (89 seconds ago)
has history: yes
has statistics: yes
battery
present: yes
rechargeable: yes
state: discharging
warning-level: none
energy: 41.28 Wh
energy-empty: 0 Wh
energy-full: 52.37 Wh
energy-full-design: 50.45 Wh
energy-rate: 11.335 W
voltage: 12.098 V
time to empty: 3.6 hours
percentage: 78%
capacity: 100%
technology: lithium-polymer
icon-name: 'battery-full-symbolic'
History (charge):
1574592400 78.000 discharging
History (rate):
1574592400 11.335 discharging
我的 NVIDIA 卡已被禁用：
$ lspci | grep VGA
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Device 3ea0 (rev 02)
驾驶员信息：
我是不是忽略了什么？我不相信它的电源管理这么差 :(
如果需要更多信息，请告诉我，我会尽快编辑并提供
谢谢你们的帮助！
答案1
CPU 电源管理扩展有很大帮助 :) 我的 CPU 处于涡轮增压和最高性能状态.. 将其设置为静音模式的节能器让我的电池使用时间更长（不是很明显，但多了一个小时左右）：）绝对值得一试！！