我的 CPU 是 Intel n3710，在 Ubuntu 20.04 上，我安装了 cpu freq utils，但它显示可用的 cpufreq 调节器只有 powersave 和 performance。我们可以添加其他调节器，如 ondemand、conservative 和 userspace 吗？如果可以，如何添加？谢谢。
答案1
Intel_pstate CPU 频率调节驱动程序目前已包含被动模式。在该模式下，调节驱动程序称为 intel_cpufreq，它具有与 acpi-cpufreq 相同的所有调节器。
要查看您现在拥有的内容，请执行以下操作：
$ grep . /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_driver
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver:acpi-cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_driver:acpi-cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_driver:acpi-cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_driver:acpi-cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_driver:acpi-cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_driver:acpi-cpufreq
哎呀，示例不太好（故意的，为了显示 acpi-cpufreq）。
再试一次：
$ grep . /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_driver
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_pstate
确实只有性能和节能调节器可用：
$ grep . /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:performance powersave
现在，让我们看看 intel_pstate 驱动程序设置：
$ cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/status
active
并将其更改为被动模式：
$ echo passive | sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/status
passive
doug@s15:~/temp$ cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/status
passive
现在检查 cpufreq 与以前相同的内容：
$ grep . /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors:conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil
$ grep . /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_driver
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_cpufreq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_driver:intel_cpufreq
注意：对于具有 HWP（硬件 Pstate 控制）功能处理器的用户：目前，只有在系统启动时禁用 HWP 和/或强制启动被动模式时，才可以使用被动模式。未来可能会启用 HWP 的被动模式。以下是针对各种 intel_pstate 启动方法的几个示例 grub 命令行：
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1 consoleblank=450 cpuidle_sysfs_switch cpuidle.governor=teo"
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1 consoleblank=450 intel_pstate=no_hwp cpuidle_sysfs_switch cpuidle.governor=teo"
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1 consoleblank=300 intel_pstate=disable cpuidle_sysfs_switch cpuidle.governor=teo"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1 consoleblank=450 intel_pstate=passive cpuidle_sysfs_switch cpuidle.governor=teo"
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1 consoleblank=450 intel_pstate=passive intel_pstate=no_hwp cpuidle_sysfs_switch cpuidle.governor=teo"
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1 consoleblank=450 intel_pstate=passive intel_pstate=no_hwp cpuidle_sysfs_switch cpuidle.governor=teo intel_idle.max_cstate=1"
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1 consoleblank=450 intel_pstate=passive cpuidle_sysfs_switch cpuidle.governor=teo cgroup_no_v1=all"