我正在尝试使用 Proton DB 5.13.6 在 Ubuntu 上玩《勇者斗恶龙 11》。游戏不断提示需要 Direct X 11。我在 Macbook Pro 2012 上玩这款游戏，其规格如下：
英特尔酷睿 i5-3210M CPU @ 2.50GHz x 4
英特尔高清显卡 4000 (IVB GT2)
Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS
64 位
我尝试安装 wine，但是它一直说一些有关 gecko 的事情，我尝试研究但却不明白。
我发现一篇帖子说我需要一个 Vulkan 驱动器，但 Vulkan 无法在这么旧的 Macbook Pro 上运行。有没有办法安装 Direct X 11 或任何解决方法？
答案1
我不确定 Wine 是否成功支持 DirectX 11。我认为它从未完成过。最近，使用 Vulkan 的人报告的帧速率甚至比使用 Wine 的原生 DirectX 9 更好。我不记得整个安装过程。您需要从 GitHub 获取最新的 winetricks，然后：
chmod +x /path/winetricks
<optional> sudo ln -s /path/winetricks /usr/bin
进而：
WINEPREFIX=~/.wine_test64 WINEARCH=win64 winecfg
< the above will create your initial wine prefix >
WINEPREFIX=~/.wine_test64 WINEARCH=win64 winetricks
< pick "Select Default Wine Prefix" and pick "Install DLL's or Windows components", search for dxvulkan or dvkd3d >
< to avoid having to write all that big command everytime
you can simply rename ~/.wine_test64 to ~/.wine
and then you will be able to type only winetricks when needed.
That's the default location of wine. >
我从未使用过 Vulkan，但如果我没记错的话，您还需要安装 i386 版本的图形驱动程序、penGL 库、Vulkan 库等。
使用以下命令验证您缺少哪些：
dpkg -l | grep glx
dpkg -l | grep gl1
dpkg -l | grep mesa
dpkg -l | grep vk < that's an L, not an I, it's for List >
答案2
他可能不在这里/usr/lib/。就像在我的设备上一样。
ldconfig -p | grep vulkan
libvulkan_radeon.so (libc6,x86-64) => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvulkan_radeon.so
libvulkan_radeon.so (libc6) => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libvulkan_radeon.so
libvulkan_intel.so (libc6,x86-64) => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvulkan_intel.so
libvulkan_intel.so (libc6) => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libvulkan_intel.so
libvulkan.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvulkan.so.1
libvulkan.so.1 (libc6) => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libvulkan.so.1
libvulkan.so (libc6,x86-64) => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvulkan.so
ldd `which vulkaninfo`
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff3cdd4000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f7490a6f000)
libxcb.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007f7490a45000)
libX11.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6 (0x00007f7490908000)
libwayland-client.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libwayland-client.so.0 (0x00007f74908f7000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f7490716000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f74906fb000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f7490507000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f7490b20000)
libXau.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXau.so.6 (0x00007f7490501000)
libXdmcp.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXdmcp.so.6 (0x00007f74904f9000)
libffi.so.7 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libffi.so.7 (0x00007f74904ed000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f74904ca000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f749037b000)
libbsd.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libbsd.so.0 (0x00007f749035f000)
ldd /usr/lib/libvulkan.so.1*
ldd: /usr/lib/libvulkan.so.1*: Нет такого файла или каталога
vulkaninfo
ERROR: [Loader Message] Code 0 : /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libvulkan_radeon.so: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS32
ERROR: [Loader Message] Code 0 : /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libvulkan_intel.so: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS32
INTEL-MESA: warning: Haswell Vulkan support is incomplete
root@Venue-11-Pro-7130-vPro:/home/mct# sudo dpkg -l | grep glx
ii libglx-mesa0:amd64 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- GLX vendor library
ii libglx-mesa0:i386 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- GLX vendor library
ii libglx0:amd64 1.3.2-1~ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- GLX support
ii libglx0:i386 1.3.2-1~ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- GLX support
ii libxcb-glx0:amd64 1.14-2 amd64 X C Binding, glx extension
ii libxcb-glx0:i386 1.14-2 i386 X C Binding, glx extension
root@Venue-11-Pro-7130-vPro:/home/mct# sudo dpkg -l | grep gl1
ii libegl1:amd64 1.3.2-1~ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- EGL support
ii libgl1:amd64 1.3.2-1~ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- legacy GL support
ii libgl1:i386 1.3.2-1~ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- legacy GL support
ii libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- DRI modules
ii libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- DRI modules
ii libgstreamer-gl1.0-0:amd64 1.16.2-4 amd64 GStreamer GL libraries
ii libwayland-egl1:amd64 1.18.0-1 amd64 wayland compositor infrastructure - EGL library
ii libwayland-egl1:i386 1.18.0-1 i386 wayland compositor infrastructure - EGL library
root@Venue-11-Pro-7130-vPro:/home/mct# sudo dpkg -l | grep mesa
ii libegl-mesa0:amd64 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 free implementation of the EGL API -- Mesa vendor library
ii libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- DRI modules
ii libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- DRI modules
ii libglapi-mesa:amd64 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 free implementation of the GL API -- shared library
ii libglapi-mesa:i386 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 free implementation of the GL API -- shared library
ii libglu1-mesa:amd64 9.0.1-1build1 amd64 Mesa OpenGL utility library (GLU)
ii libglu1-mesa:i386 9.0.1-1build1 i386 Mesa OpenGL utility library (GLU)
ii libglx-mesa0:amd64 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- GLX vendor library
ii libglx-mesa0:i386 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- GLX vendor library
ii libosmesa6:i386 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 Mesa Off-screen rendering extension
ii mesa-utils 8.4.0-1build1 amd64 Miscellaneous Mesa GL utilities
ii mesa-va-drivers:amd64 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Mesa VA-API video acceleration drivers
ii mesa-va-drivers:i386 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 Mesa VA-API video acceleration drivers
ii mesa-vdpau-drivers:amd64 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Mesa VDPAU video acceleration drivers
ii mesa-vdpau-drivers:i386 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 Mesa VDPAU video acceleration drivers
ii mesa-vulkan-drivers:amd64 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Mesa Vulkan graphics drivers
ii mesa-vulkan-drivers:i386 20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 Mesa Vulkan graphics drivers
root@Venue-11-Pro-7130-vPro:/home/mct# sudo dpkg -l | grep vk
ii libvkd3d1:i386 1.1-4 i386 Direct3D 12 to Vulkan translation - library
ii lunarg-vkconfig 1.2.170.0~rc2-1lunarg20.04-1 amd64 LunarG GUI tool to configure Vulkan layers
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples
VULKAN_SDK=~/Downloads/VulkanSDK/1.2.170/x86_64
PATH=$VULKAN_SDK/bin:$PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$VULKAN_SDK/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
VK_LAYER_PATH=$VULKAN_SDK/etc/explicit_layer.d
{
"ICD": {
"api_version": "1.2.170",
"library_path": "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvulkan_intel.so"
},
"file_format_version": "1.0.0"
}
DRI_PRIME=1 glxinfo | grep OpenGL
OpenGL vendor string: Intel Open Source Technology Center
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa DRI Intel(R) HD Graphics 4200 (HSW GT2)
OpenGL core profile version string: 4.5 (Core Profile) Mesa 20.2.6
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 4.50
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 20.2.6
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL extensions:
OpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.1 Mesa 20.2.6
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.10
OpenGL ES profile extensions:
尝试一下 PlayOnlinux。我还没有尝试过游戏，但我觉得它有实现这一目的所需的所有工具。
