我尝试在 Dell OptiPlex 5090 Micro 计算机上使用 Ubuntu 18.04，但未检测到任何 Intel 设备，因此无法加载它们的驱动程序。我没有网络，只能使用nomodeset图形。
机器硬件探头：https://linux-hardware.org/?probe=db46c8694c
输出lspci -nnk：
00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:9b53] (rev 03)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:9bc8] (rev 03)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel modules: i915
00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43ed] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
00:14.2 RAM memory [0500]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43ef] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:15.0 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43e8] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:16.0 Communication controller [0780]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43e0] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:17.0 SATA controller [0106]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43d2] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:4384] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:1f.3 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:f0c8] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
00:1f.4 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43a3] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:1f.5 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43a4] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:1f.6 Ethernet controller [0200]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:15f9] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Ubuntu 20.04 稍微好一点，至少可以使用以太网控制器：
00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:9b53] (rev 03)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:9bc8] (rev 03)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel modules: i915
00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43ed] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
Kernel modules: xhci_pci
00:14.2 RAM memory [0500]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43ef] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:15.0 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43e8] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: intel-lpss
Kernel modules: intel_lpss_pci
00:16.0 Communication controller [0780]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43e0] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: mei_me
Kernel modules: mei_me
00:17.0 SATA controller [0106]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43d2] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:4384] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:1f.3 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:f0c8] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
00:1f.4 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43a3] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: i801_smbus
Kernel modules: i2c_i801
00:1f.5 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:43a4] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0a54]
00:1f.6 Ethernet controller [0200]: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection (14) I219-LM [8086:15f9] (rev 11)
Subsystem: Dell Ethernet Connection (14) I219-LM [1028:0a54]
Kernel driver in use: e1000e
Kernel modules: e1000e
其他 Linux 发行版（例如 Fedora 34 和 SystemRescueCD）的行为与 20.04 类似，只能检测网卡而不能检测其他任何内容。
我有什么选择？我尝试将modprobe别名从 20.04 复制到 18.04 以使网卡正常工作，但似乎没有用。不过，我并不知道自己在做什么，所以也许我做错了。
有什么方法可以强制 Ubuntu 加载正确的驱动程序？