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升级 Lubuntu 16.04 => 18.04，使用 do-release-upgrade，由于 dpkg 错误无法删除 linux-image-4.4.x

tag-icon • tag-icon apt package-management upgrade lubuntu dpkg
升级 Lubuntu 16.04 => 18.04，使用 do-release-upgrade，由于 dpkg 错误无法删除 linux-image-4.4.x

升级后一切似乎都很好，除了当我想要更新/升级/安装软件包时，dpkg 无法删除旧的未使用的内核。

运行后sudo apt upgrade出现以下错误：

The following packages will be REMOVED:
  linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic
The following packages have been kept back:
  gimp-gmic php-curl
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
9 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/8,021 kB of archives.
After this operation, 7,255 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 599373 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic (4.4.0-210.242) ...
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-210-generic
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub:
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 11: /etc/default/grub: 2012: not found
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 127

dpkg: error processing package linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic (--remove):
 installed linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic package post-removal script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

编辑1： 使用@N0rbert 解决方案后，我认为内核已正确升级，现在 CLI 升级崩溃并且没有显示错误，而更新管理器显示以下错误，我应该强制安装吗？

在此处输入图片描述

编辑2：感谢@guiverc 的评论，由于 18.04 及以上版本发生大量变化，Lubuntu 团队建议全新安装。我将安装 20.04。

答案1

您必须/etc/default/grub使用以下单个长命令用默认内容替换该配置文件：

cat <<\EOF | sudo tee /etc/default/grub
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"
EOF

sudo update-grub然后通过运行 恢复当前 Ubuntu 版本的包升级sudo apt-get dist-upgrade。

然后重新启动并使用update-manager -c或sudo do-release-upgrade升级到下一个 Ubuntu 版本（可能是 18.04 LTS）。重复该过程将 18.04 LTS 升级到 20.04 LTS。

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