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在没有互联网连接的情况下，无法在全新 Ubuntu 安装中从 ISO 安装 dkms：E：无法纠正问题，您持有损坏的软件包

tag-icon • tag-icon apt 20.04
在没有互联网连接的情况下，无法在全新 Ubuntu 安装中从 ISO 安装 dkms：E：无法纠正问题，您持有损坏的软件包

我刚刚从 KUbuntu 20.04.3 LTS ISO 安装了 Kubuntu。

Wi-Fi 尚未工作，因此我需要安装dkms以添加、构建​​和安装rtl88x2bu驱动程序。

但奇怪的是，虽然是全新安装，但却无法安装。

我的 KUbuntu 20.04.3 LTS ISO 安装在/media/iso：

$ mount | grep iso9660
/iso/linux/ubuntu/amd64/kubuntu-20.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso on /media/iso type iso9660 (ro,relatime,nojoliet,check=s,map=n,blocksize=2048)

我的恰当来源指向了这一点：

$ grep /media/iso /etc/apt/sources.list
deb file:/media/iso focal main multiverse restricted universe

现在发生了以下事情：

$ sudo apt-get update
Get:1 file:/media/iso focal InRelease
Ign:1 file:/media/iso focal InRelease
Get:2 file:/media/iso focal Release [2 792 B]
Get:2 file:/media/iso focal Release [2 792 B]
Reading package lists... Done
$ sudo apt-get install -V dkms
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies.
 dkms : Depends: dpkg-dev but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: dctrl-tools but it is not installable
        Recommends: fakeroot but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
$ apt-cache policy dkms aptitude
dkms:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 2.8.1-5ubuntu2
  Version table:
     2.8.1-5ubuntu2 500
        500 file:/media/iso focal/main amd64 Packages
        500 file:/media/iso focal/main i386 Packages
aptitude:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: (none)
  Version table:
$ apt-mark showhold
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.
$ sudo apt-get autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.
$ sudo apt-get install --fix-broken
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.
$ sudo apt-get install -V dkms
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies.
 dkms : Depends: dpkg-dev but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: dctrl-tools but it is not installable
        Recommends: fakeroot but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

你能夠 ...

答案1

刚刚发现dctrl-tools和libdpkg-perl（dkms直接或间接依赖于它）在安装的 ISO 中不可用（安装 Ubuntu 后）：

$ apt-cache policy dctrl-tools libdpkg-perl
dctrl-tools:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: (none)
  Version table:
libdpkg-perl:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: (none)
  Version table:
$

从另一台电脑下载并手动安装后，我现在能够安装dkms和构建rtl88x2bu驱动程序以实现功能性的互联网连接。

我相信这是 KUbuntu 20.04.3 ISO 的一个错误。

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