我正在运行 Ubuntu 20.04，我的系统大约每两周就会挂起一次。它今天崩溃了，我保存了整个 /var/log 目录。
我应该提供哪些信息来帮助解决这个崩溃问题？
有没有关于哪些问题会导致 Linux 系统挂起的总结？
我还没碰过 bios。
sudo snap list:
anna_user2@anna-XPS-8930:~$ sudo snap list
Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
atom 1.57.0 282 latest/stable snapcrafters classic
bare 1.0 5 latest/stable canonical✓ base
canonical-livepatch 10.1.2 126 latest/stable canonical✓ -
coq-prover 2021-09-0 27 latest/stable coq-team -
core 16-2.54.2 12603 latest/stable canonical✓ core
core18 20211215 2284 latest/stable canonical✓ base
core20 20220114 1328 latest/stable canonical✓ base
gnome-3-28-1804 3.28.0-19-g98f9e67.98f9e67 161 latest/stable canonical✓ -
gnome-3-34-1804 0+git.3556cb3 77 latest/stable/… canonical✓ -
gnome-3-38-2004 0+git.1f9014a 99 latest/stable canonical✓ -
gtk-common-themes 0.1-59-g7bca6ae 1519 latest/stable/… canonical✓ -
jq 1.5+dfsg-1 6 latest/stable mvo -
postman 7.36.5 133 latest/stable postman-inc✓ -
ruby 3.1.0 247 latest/stable rubylang✓ classic
simplescreenrecorder 0.1 1 latest/stable xiaoguo -
smplayer 21.10.0 43 latest/stable rvm -
snap-store 3.38.0-66-gbd5b8f7 558 latest/stable/… canonical✓ -
snapd 2.54.2 14549 latest/stable canonical✓ snapd
anna_user2@anna-XPS-8930:~$
答案1
您遇到的问题可能有多种原因。您能否分享日志，/var/log/syslog或者/var/log/kern.log检查设备开启时机器是否出现任何错误dmesg -T
另一个原因可能是您的硬件。可能存在一些硬件问题，这可能会导致系统崩溃、突然挂起等问题。
您可以尝试提供更多的日志报告，以便其他人能够准确了解问题所在。
选项1
服务失败
有些服务可能会反复崩溃/失败，这可能是系统崩溃的原因。您可以检查您的服务是否出现此类问题。
例子：
systemctl list-units --type=service
在这里您可以看到所有失败或活跃的服务。
选项 2
硬件故障
可能有一些硬件无法正常工作，例如：CPU 风扇、显示显卡、RAM 等。您可以在日志中检查Dmesg，可以在那里看到是否存在任何硬件错误以及 GPU 手或分段错误等错误。
例子：
dmesg -T
[Fri Jan 21 18:02:27 2022] [drm:intel_pipe_update_end [i915]] *ERROR* Atomic update failure on pipe A (start=20339577 end=20339578) time 439 us, min 2146, max 2159, scanline start 2136, end 2196
[Fri Jan 21 18:03:29 2022] [drm] Got external EDID base block and 1 extension from "edid/edid.bin" for connector "DP-1"
[Fri Jan 21 18:03:29 2022] [drm] Got external EDID base block and 1 extension from "edid/edid.bin" for connector "DP-1"
[Fri Jan 21 18:37:28 2022] [drm:intel_pipe_update_end [i915]] *ERROR* Atomic update failure on pipe A (start=20465675 end=20465676) time 417 us, min 2146, max 2159, scanline start 2144, end 2200
[Fri Jan 21 19:03:59 2022] [drm] Got external EDID base block and 1 extension from "edid/edid.bin" for connector "DP-1"
[Fri Jan 21 19:04:00 2022] [drm] Got external EDID base block and 1 extension from "edid/edid.bin" for connector "DP-1"
[Fri Jan 21 20:41:15 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: GPU HANG: ecode 9:4:0xc86dffef, in vlc [1478503], hang on vcs0
[Fri Jan 21 20:41:15 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
[Fri Jan 21 21:03:04 2022] [drm:intel_pipe_update_end [i915]] *ERROR* Atomic update failure on pipe A (start=20989841 end=20989842) time 412 us, min 2146, max 2159, scanline start 2142, end 2198
[Fri Jan 21 22:13:11 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
[Fri Jan 21 22:43:59 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
[Fri Jan 21 23:49:47 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
[Sat Jan 22 01:00:43 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
[Sat Jan 22 03:39:16 2022] [drm:intel_pipe_update_end [i915]] *ERROR* Atomic update failure on pipe A (start=22416118 end=22416119) time 413 us, min 2146, max 2159, scanline start 2117, end 2173
[Sat Jan 22 06:05:57 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
[Sat Jan 22 06:51:33 2022] [drm:intel_pipe_update_end [i915]] *ERROR* Atomic update failure on pipe A (start=23108341 end=23108342) time 408 us, min 2146, max 2159, scanline start 2141, end 2196
[Sat Jan 22 08:01:12 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
[Sat Jan 22 08:36:01 2022] [drm:intel_pipe_update_end [i915]] *ERROR* Atomic update failure on pipe A (start=23484460 end=23484461) time 433 us, min 2146, max 2159, scanline start 2102, end 2160
[Sat Jan 22 10:06:46 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
[Sat Jan 22 10:10:56 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
[Sat Jan 22 11:44:18 2022] i915 0000:00:02.0: Resetting vcs0 for hang on vcs0
或硬件错误，例如
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] evm: security.ima
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] evm: security.capability
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] evm: HMAC attrs: 0x1
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] BERT: Error records from previous boot:
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: event severity: fatal
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: Error 0, type: fatal
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: section type: unknown, 81212a96-09ed-4996-9471-8d729c8e69ed
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: section length: 0x290
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000000: 00000001 00000000 00000000 00020002 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000010: 00020002 00000001 0000031d 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000020: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000030: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000040: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000050: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000060: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000070: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000080: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000090: 0012cf23 00000000 00000002 00000001 #...............
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 000000a0: 0000031d 00000000 00040000 000ffff8 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 000000b0: 000014a8 00000880 00000880 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 000000c0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 000000d0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 000000e0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 000000f0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000100: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000110: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000120: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000130: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000140: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000150: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000160: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000170: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000180: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
[Mon Feb 14 13:41:45 2022] [Hardware Error]: 00000190: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
选项 3
重新安装操作系统
您可以尝试重新安装操作系统并检查是否遇到相同的问题。如果“是”，则可能是硬件问题。
答案2
我使用了一个命令（我认为是 systemd）来查找崩溃后需要 10 分钟才能重新启动的原因。它指示 AI 编码辅助“kite”。我删除了 kite，我的系统不仅快速启动，而且不再崩溃。