每次我尝试使用sudo apt 升级我收到此错误：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
E: The package linux-modules-5.19.0-32-generic needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.
Gnome 软件无法运行。如果我尝试，系统托盘中会出现一个带有白线的红色圆圈，并显示一条错误消息：
我一直尝试按照这篇文章中的说明来修复它：我在 18.04 LTS 上的包管理器中遇到了问题。显然，这与我遇到问题的 Ubuntu 版本不同，但问题似乎是相同的。
我已经下载了与缺失软件包最接近的 .deb 软件包https://ubuntu.pkgs.org/22.04/ubuntu-updates-main-amd64/linux-modules-5.19.0-41-generic_5.19.0-41.42~22.04.1_amd64.deb.html。
这是我能得到的最接近的答案，但尝试在本地安装它只会sudo apt install抛出上面相同的错误消息。
这些信息可能有用。ls -la /etc/apt/sources.list 的输出：
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 838 May 20 15:15 /etc/apt/sources.list
uname -a 的输出：
Linux slug 5.15.0-60-generic #66-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 20 14:29:49 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
cat /etc/apt/sources.list 的输出：
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ jammy partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ jammy partner
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -a 的输出：
Unknown option: a
在评论中 Marco 建议将此代码的更正形式改为
dpkg --configure -a
这根本不会产生任何输出。终端中只会出现另一行带有 ~$ 的内容。
dpkg -l | egrep linux-'[g|i|h|m]' 的输出符合以下要求没有人：
ii linux-generic-hwe-22.04 5.15.0.60.58 amd64 Complete Generic Linux kernel and headers
ii linux-headers-5.15.0-58 5.15.0-58.64 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.15.0
ii linux-headers-5.15.0-58-generic 5.15.0-58.64 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-5.15.0-60 5.15.0-60.66 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.15.0
ii linux-headers-5.15.0-60-generic 5.15.0-60.66 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-generic-hwe-22.04 5.15.0.60.58 amd64 Generic Linux kernel headers
rc linux-image-5.15.0-43-generic 5.15.0-43.46 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-56-generic 5.15.0-56.62 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-57-generic 5.15.0-57.63 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-5.15.0-58-generic 5.15.0-58.64 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-5.15.0-60-generic 5.15.0-60.66 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04 5.15.0.60.58 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-43-generic 5.15.0-43.46 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-56-generic 5.15.0-56.62 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-57-generic 5.15.0-57.63 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-modules-5.15.0-58-generic 5.15.0-58.64 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-modules-5.15.0-60-generic 5.15.0-60.66 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iHR linux-modules-5.19.0-32-generic 5.19.0-32.33~22.04.1 amd64 (no description available)
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-43-generic 5.15.0-43.46 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-56-generic 5.15.0-56.62 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-57-generic 5.15.0-57.63 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-58-generic 5.15.0-58.64 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-60-generic 5.15.0-60.66 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
答案1
请注意，这是暴力破解，该包不再可用。
sudo dpkg -P --force-remove-reinstreq linux-modules-5.19.0-32-generic
这样，软件包的某些部分就可能保留在您的系统上。
更多力量
sudo dpkg -P --force-all linux-modules-5.19.0-32-generic
为了避免此类问题，请配置 apt 以不删除下载的软件包
cat /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01keep-debs
# Heruntergeladene Pakete behalten.
Binary::apt::APT::Keep-Downloaded-Packages "true";
APT::Get::Keep-Downloaded-Packages "true";
Binary::apt-get::APT::Keep-Downloaded-Packages "true";
所以我可以使用 /var/cache/apt/archives/ 下的本地缓存