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连接到单独设备的 RAID 驱动器

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连接到单独设备的 RAID 驱动器

不知何故，我的 RAID 1 配置中的两个驱动器已连接到两个设备 ( md0、md127)：

~# lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT,STATE,FSTYPE,MODEL,SERIAL,UUID,LABEL
NAME          SIZE MOUNTPOINT STATE   FSTYPE            MODEL            SERIAL     UUID                                 LABEL
sda           1.8T            running linux_raid_member ST32000542AS                69c415bb-716b-8e0b-b03d-721888a9cb05 turris:0
`-md0         1.8T                    btrfs                                         47039540-3842-4b2b-be2b-b8f76e88189b 
sdb           1.8T            running linux_raid_member ST32000542AS                69c415bb-716b-8e0b-b03d-721888a9cb05 turris:0
`-md127       1.8T /mnt/raid          btrfs                                         47039540-3842-4b2b-be2b-b8f76e88189b

为什么会发生这种情况？如何将它们恢复到单个设备 ( md0)？

** 编辑 **

mdadm -E /dev/sda：

~# mdadm -E /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x0
     Array UUID : 69c415bb:716b8e0b:b03d7218:88a9cb05
           Name : turris:0  (local to host turris)
  Creation Time : Sun Jul 23 11:52:07 2017
     Raid Level : raid1
   Raid Devices : 2

 Avail Dev Size : 3906767024 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
     Array Size : 1953383360 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 3906766720 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
    Data Offset : 262144 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : 4ed3485a:ce6205f4:ecd1f9d0:6e4fb2b5

    Update Time : Wed Oct 11 21:18:53 2017
       Checksum : 8a845e99 - correct
         Events : 623


   Device Role : Active device 0
   Array State : A. ('A' == active, '.' == missing)

mdadm -E /dev/sdb：

~# mdadm -E /dev/sdb
/dev/sdb:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x0
     Array UUID : 69c415bb:716b8e0b:b03d7218:88a9cb05
           Name : turris:0  (local to host turris)
  Creation Time : Sun Jul 23 11:52:07 2017
     Raid Level : raid1
   Raid Devices : 2

 Avail Dev Size : 3906767024 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
     Array Size : 1953383360 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 3906766720 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
    Data Offset : 262144 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : 7c8a1f7a:184b254c:1b25397c:8162faa4

    Update Time : Wed Oct 11 05:58:52 2017
       Checksum : 9d058b99 - correct
         Events : 345


   Device Role : Active device 1
   Array State : .A ('A' == active, '.' == missing)

mdadm -D /dev/md0：

~# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
        Version : 1.2
  Creation Time : Sun Jul 23 11:52:07 2017
     Raid Level : raid1
     Array Size : 1953383360 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 1953383360 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
   Raid Devices : 2
  Total Devices : 1
    Persistence : Superblock is persistent

    Update Time : Wed Oct 11 21:18:53 2017
          State : clean, degraded 
 Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
 Failed Devices : 0
  Spare Devices : 0

           Name : turris:0  (local to host turris)
           UUID : 69c415bb:716b8e0b:b03d7218:88a9cb05
         Events : 623

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8        0        0      active sync   /dev/sda
       1       0        0        1      removed

mdadm -D /dev/md127：

~# mdadm -D /dev/md127
/dev/md127:
        Version : 1.2
  Creation Time : Sun Jul 23 11:52:07 2017
     Raid Level : raid1
     Array Size : 1953383360 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 1953383360 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
   Raid Devices : 2
  Total Devices : 1
    Persistence : Superblock is persistent

    Update Time : Wed Oct 11 05:58:52 2017
          State : clean, degraded 
 Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
 Failed Devices : 0
  Spare Devices : 0

           Name : turris:0  (local to host turris)
           UUID : 69c415bb:716b8e0b:b03d7218:88a9cb05
         Events : 345

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       0        0        0      removed
       1       8       16        1      active sync   /dev/sdb

** 编辑 1 **

内容/etc/rc.local：

# Put your custom commands here that should be executed once
# the system init finished. By default this file does nothing.

# Disable NCQ (fix RAID issue)
echo 1 > /sys/block/sda/device/queue_depth
echo 1 > /sys/block/sdb/device/queue_depth
# /fix

# start RAID array
mdadm --assemble --scan

exit 0

内容/etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf：

# mdadm.conf
#
# Please refer to mdadm.conf(5) for information about this file.
#

DEVICE partitions

# auto-create devices with Debian standard permissions
CREATE owner=root group=disk mode=0660 auto=yes

# automatically tag new arrays as belonging to the local system
HOMEHOST <system>

# instruct the monitoring daemon where to send mail alerts
MAILADDR root

# definitions of existing MD arrays
ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 name=turris:0 UUID=69c415bb:716b8e0b:b03d7218:88a9cb05

内容（稍作编辑）/etc/aliases：

root: cra***@*****.com

答案1

Events : 623
Events : 345

此时，您的两个驱动器已经完全不同步，没有简单的方法可以将它们恢复在一起。假设事件计数准确反映了驱动器上数据的相对年龄，我建议擦除/dev/sdb并将其重新添加到/dev/md0：

  1. 确保您拥有最新的数据备份。
  2. 放下/dev/md127: umount /mnt/raid,mdadm --stop /dev/md127
  3. 让自己/dev/sdb看起来不再像 RAID 成员：（wipefs -a /dev/sdb快速方法）或dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb（彻底方法）。
  4. 将其添加/dev/md0为新设备：mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdb
  5. 等待阵列重建。
  6. 在等待时，打开故障监控：nano -w /etc/mdadm.conf并将该行添加到末尾的某个位置，然后激活监控服务（这是特定于发行版的）。MAILADDR [email protected]mdadm
  7. 激活/dev/md0：（mdadm --run /dev/md0可能不需要）后跟mount /dev/md0 /mnt/raid。

至于导致它的原因，我猜测在某一时刻您遇到了短暂的故障/dev/sdb（希捷硬盘往往会这样做），并且它从阵列中掉出来，直到您下次重新启动计算机为止。由于事件计数不同，mdadm无法将两个驱动器放入单个 RAID-1 阵列，而是决定创建两个单驱动器 RAID-1 阵列。

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