我的 Acer Aspire ES1-572-33BP 上有 Ubuntu + Windows 10 双启动。我的笔记本电脑掉到地上后，一切似乎都正常工作，但关闭 Ubuntu 后，我无法再次启动它。错误看起来像这样。
由于我将 Ubuntu LiveUSB 留在家里，因此我将 smartmantools 安装到 Windows 10 分区中并运行systemctl -a /dev/sda以查看发生了什么。输出如下：
> smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-w64-mingw32-w10-22H2] (sf-7.4-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Toshiba 2.5" HDD MQ01ABD...
Device Model: TOSHIBA MQ01ABD100
Serial Number: 17G8C4RZT
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000039 7836863cb
Firmware Version: AX1P5J
User Capacity: 1.000.204.886.016 bytes [1,00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database 7.3/5528
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri Aug 18 17:44:14 2023 HB
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 120) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 243) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 050 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 100 100 050 Pre-fail Offline - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 100 100 001 Pre-fail Always - 1688
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 30237
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 050 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 050 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 100 100 050 Pre-fail Offline - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 068 068 000 Old_age Always - 13089
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0033 253 100 030 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 5420
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 305
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 1945
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 092 092 000 Old_age Always - 85597
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 35 (Min/Max 13/53)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 224
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
220 Disk_Shift 0x0002 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
222 Loaded_Hours 0x0032 073 073 000 Old_age Always - 10932
223 Load_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
224 Load_Friction 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
226 Load-in_Time 0x0026 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 177
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0001 100 100 001 Pre-fail Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 149 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 149 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13088 hours (545 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 a8 90 65 51 40 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00516590 = 5334416
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 a8 90 65 51 40 00 00:03:27.386 READ FPDMA QUEUED
ea 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:27.386 FLUSH CACHE EXT
ef 10 03 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:27.385 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:27.384 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00:03:27.384 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 148 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13088 hours (545 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 08 90 65 51 40 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00516590 = 5334416
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 08 90 65 51 40 00 00:03:23.534 READ FPDMA QUEUED
61 08 f8 58 cb f3 40 00 00:03:23.534 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
ea 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:23.533 FLUSH CACHE EXT
ef 10 03 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:23.533 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:23.532 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
Error 147 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13088 hours (545 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 70 90 65 51 40 Error: WP at LBA = 0x00516590 = 5334416
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
61 18 b0 40 cb f3 40 00 00:03:21.053 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 70 90 65 51 40 00 00:03:19.696 READ FPDMA QUEUED
ea 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:19.670 FLUSH CACHE EXT
61 08 88 38 cb f3 40 00 00:03:19.670 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
ea 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:19.670 FLUSH CACHE EXT
Error 146 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13088 hours (545 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 20 90 65 51 40 Error: WP at LBA = 0x00516590 = 5334416
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
61 18 28 20 cb f3 40 00 00:03:15.813 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 20 90 65 51 40 00 00:03:15.813 READ FPDMA QUEUED
ea 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:15.813 FLUSH CACHE EXT
ef 10 03 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:15.812 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:15.812 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
Error 145 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13088 hours (545 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 41 38 90 65 51 40 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00516590 = 5334416
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 38 90 65 51 40 00 00:03:11.973 READ FPDMA QUEUED
61 08 18 18 cb f3 40 00 00:03:11.973 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
ea 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:11.973 FLUSH CACHE EXT
ef 10 03 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:11.972 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00 00:03:11.972 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 13088 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
所以我不知道我的硬盘是否已损坏，因为 GRUB 和 Windows 10 仍可正常运行。损坏是否仅影响 Ubuntu？如果是，是否可以修复？从我的硬盘启动 Windows 10 是否仍然安全？